1、专业英语八级翻译-英译汉(二)及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BENGLISH TO CHIN(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sullivan, came to me. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast betwee
2、n the two lives which it connects. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old. UOn the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant. I guessed vaguely from my mothers signs and from the hurrying to and from in the house that something unusual
3、was about to happen, so I went to the door and waited on the steps. The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle that covered the porch and fell on my upturned face. My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet sout
4、hern spring. I did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for me. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle./U UHave you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you
5、 in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet and sounding-line, and you waited with beating heart for something to happen/U? I was like that ship before my education began, only I was without compass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the
6、 harbor was. Light! Give me light! was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour.（分数：20.00）_2.Next morning, four words from the booktake the long view were still in my mind. At my desk, I had a long-view look at my problems. Once more, super-slow reading had gi
7、ven me not only pleasure but perspective, and helped me in my everyday affairs. I discovered its worth years ago.previously, if I had been really interested in a book, I would race from page to page, eager to know what came next. Now, I decided, I had to become a miser with words and stretch every s
8、entence like a poor man spending his last dollar. I had started with the practical object of making my book last. But by the end of the second week I began to realize how much I was getting from super-slow-reading itself. Sometimes just a particular phrase caught my attention, sometimes a sentence.
9、I would read it slowly, analyze it, read it againperhaps changing down into an even lower gearand then sit for 20 minutes thinking about it before moving on. I was like a pianist studying a piece of music, phrase by phrase, rehearsing it, trying to discover and recreate exactly what the composer was
10、 trying to convey.（分数：20.00）_3.The old man would surely be proud. This week some 300 representatives, from 35 different countries, gathered in Beijings Great Hall of the People for the first-ever Confucius Institute conference. This was no philosophical pow-wow, but the worlds largest-ever conferenc
11、e on teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Confucius Institutes are Chinas answer to the Alliance Francaise, Germanys Goethe Institute and the British Council, and officials hope they will help meet a growing global demand for Chinese-language education. Confucius Institutes have got off to a roar
12、ing start. The first was established in Tashkent in Uzbekistan in June 2004, the 75th in Cracow in Poland exactly two years later. No other Chinese international franchise has done as well. Officially, they are overseen by Hanban, the agency charged by the Education Ministry with promoting the teach
13、ing of Chinese overseas. But Hanbans staff of only around 50 can barely cope with the volume of applications, on top of its other duties which include administering Hanyu Shuipin Kaoshi, the standard test of proficiency in Chinese.（分数：20.00）_4.Pete Sampras started playing tennis young and makes no p
14、lans to stop anytime soon. UThe man who has a calm demeanor, boyish shyness and the looks of a star proves again and again what so many players, critics and fans cant deny: he can win, and always does. In 1990, when Sampras was only 19 years old and seeded twelfth in the U.S. Open, he slammed his wa
15、y into the finals and became the youngest man to win the tournament. And we all knew after that first Grand Slam victory there would be no looking back./U UOver the years, the quiet giant has gone on to win eleven more Grand Slams: 6 Wimbledons, three more U.S. Opens, and two Australian Opens. Sampr
16、ass most beloved titles have come on the grasses of the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. In 1993, he won his first Wimbledon title, and since that year, has gotten to and won in every final, except for a quarterfinal defeat by in 1996. He is the winningest man at Wimbledon in the Open Era a
17、nd is one championship away from tying the all time record of seven titles that was set in the late 1800s/U. The historic grounds of Wimbledon and the intimate Center Court has become a home to Sampras, a cathedral as he once said. His undeniably flawless grass-court tennis game has made him the bes
18、t tennis player of his time, and he will undoubtedly go down in the history books as the greatest.（分数：20.00）_5.Yes, the young Americans are energetic, ambitious, enterprising, and good, but their talents and interests and money thrust them not into books and ideas and history and civics, but into a
19、whole other realm and other consciousness. A different social life and a different mental life have formed among them. Technology has bred it, but the result doesnt tally with the fulsome descriptions of digital empowerment, global awareness, and virtual communities. Instead of opening young America
20、n minds to the stores of civilization and science and politics, technology has contracted their horizon to themselves, to the social scene around them. Young people have never been so intensely mindful of and present to one another, and so enabled in adolescent contact. Teen images and songs, hot go
21、ssip and games, and youth-to-youth communications no longer limited by time or space wrap them up in a generational cocoon reaching all the way into their bedrooms. The autonomy has a cost: the more they attend to themselves, the less they remember the past and envision a future. They have all the a
22、dvantages of modernity and democracy, but when the gifts of life lead to social joys, not intellectual labor, the minds of the young plateau at age of 18.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-英译汉(二)答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BENGLISH TO CHIN(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.The most important day I r
23、emember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sullivan, came to me. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old. UOn the afternoon of that
24、 eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant. I guessed vaguely from my mothers signs and from the hurrying to and from in the house that something unusual was about to happen, so I went to the door and waited on the steps. The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle that covered th
25、e porch and fell on my upturned face. My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring. I did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for me. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for w
26、eeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle./U UHave you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet and sounding-line, and you waited with beating
27、heart for something to happen/U? I was like that ship before my education began, only I was without compass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbor was. Light! Give me light! was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：
28、(在我的记忆里，我生命中最重要的一天，是我的老师安妮曼斯菲尔德沙利文来到我身边的那天。它所连接的前后两种生活真有天壤之别，每次想到这里，我的心中总是充满了惊奇。那是1887年3月3日，再过3个月我就满7岁了。 U那天重要的下午，我呆呆地站在门廊上，满怀期盼。妈妈的手势和房间里来去匆忙的脚步使我隐约感觉到要发生什么不同寻常的事情，于是我来到门边，在台阶上等候。午后的阳光透过覆在门廊上的忍冬藤蔓洒在我仰起的脸上。我的手指下意识地拨弄着迎着南方甜美的早春萌放的叶片和花朵。这些叶子和花我都十分熟悉。当时我并不知道未来的日子会带给我什么奇迹或惊喜。几个星期以来，怨恨之情啃噬着我的心，而这场强烈的情绪挣扎
29、平息下来之后，我又感到深深的倦怠/U。 U你是否有过这样的经历，乘一艘大船行驶在浓雾紧锁的海面上?你被可触摸的白色黑暗所吞没，你的船满载着紧张和焦虑，借助测深的铅锤和绳索在迷雾中摸索着向岸边驶去，而你的心狂跳不止，等待着事情的发生/U。我接受教育之前的情形正像这艘船，但我甚至没有指南针和探深绳，更无从知道最近的港湾在哪里。“光明，给我光明!”这是我的灵魂发出的无言的呐喊。不过就在我有所期盼的这个时刻，爱的光芒照耀在我的身上。)解析：解析 immeasurable contrast：这里形容“我”的生活中有无沙利文小姐存在显著的差别，可以套用中文的四字格成语“天壤之别”来翻译。再一次印证翻译的前
30、提是正确的理解，唯有如此才可能译出地道的汉语。 three months before I was seven years old：此分句的理解不难，但下笔需谨慎，将“我7岁前的3个月”转化为符合汉语表达习惯的“再过3个月我就满7岁了”。 eventful：(1)full of events (发生许多事情的，多事的，充满大事的)；(2)important；momentous(重要的；重大的)。譬如，“an eventful week(多事的一周)/an eventful decision(重大的决定)”。文中的“eventful”是第二意，点明意义重大的一刻即将到来。 dumb, expec
31、tant：英语中经常使用多个形容词作为主语的补足语，搞清原文的语法结构是第一步，接着考虑汉语中是否出现这种表达方式。答案是否定的。遇到这种情况，通常可以将一个形容词翻译成副词修饰谓语动词呆呆地站在门廊上。 guessed vaguely from.and from.that.was about to happen：动笔前首先把握长句的句子结构。谓语“guessed(猜测)”的宾语是一个从句 (that something unusual was about to happen)。猜测的依据是2个(而非3个)“from”引导的介词短语(from my mothers signs; from th
32、e hurrying to and from in the house)。“to and from”是短语，表示“来回地；往返地”。 honeysuckle：忍冬，一种忍冬属的灌木或藤本植物。 lingered.on：逗留，徘徊。这里指“(我的手指)一直下意识地拨弄着叶子和花朵”，以此来释放心中的怨气。 come forth：出来，涌现。文中指“(叶片和花朵的)萌放”。 preyed upon：“prey on (upon)”表示“(食肉动物)捕食(猎物)”。譬如，“Bats prey on insects.(蝙蝠捕食昆虫。)”；词义引申亦作“折磨”。譬如，“Illness has been
33、preying upon him.(他一直受疾病的困扰。)”。显而易见，原文作者使用的是引申义，“愤怒与痛苦一直折磨着我”。 .a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle：倦怠之情最终战胜了强烈的情绪挣扎，即“我”开始的时候，感到愤怒与痛苦，但数周之后，我的精神世界又回归了平静。理顺思路，就容易翻译了， “而这场强烈的情绪挣扎平息下来之后，我又感到深深的倦怠”。 groped her way：摸索着行驶。描写沙利文小姐到来之前，“我”的生活一片黑暗，不知道路在何方。 plummet and sounding-line：铅锤和测深索
34、，航海时借助的工具。 Light! Give me light!：“我”的灵魂在呼喊，希望找到生活的方向。此处“light”是抽象名词，表示“光明”。2.Next morning, four words from the booktake the long view were still in my mind. At my desk, I had a long-view look at my problems. Once more, super-slow reading had given me not only pleasure but perspective, and helped me
35、in my everyday affairs. I discovered its worth years ago.previously, if I had been really interested in a book, I would race from page to page, eager to know what came next. Now, I decided, I had to become a miser with words and stretch every sentence like a poor man spending his last dollar. I had
36、started with the practical object of making my book last. But by the end of the second week I began to realize how much I was getting from super-slow-reading itself. Sometimes just a particular phrase caught my attention, sometimes a sentence. I would read it slowly, analyze it, read it againperhaps
37、 changing down into an even lower gearand then sit for 20 minutes thinking about it before moving on. I was like a pianist studying a piece of music, phrase by phrase, rehearsing it, trying to discover and recreate exactly what the composer was trying to convey.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(次日清晨，书上的四个字从长计议却仍然在我脑
38、海里萦回不已。于是，凭桌而坐，对昨晚大伤脑筋的问题，也就“从长计议”了。又一次，超慢速阅读不仅使我心旷神怡，而且使我眼界开阔，还帮助我处理了日常事务。 几年以前，我就发现了超慢阅读妙用无穷。在那以前，我要是对一本书真感兴趣，我往往一页一页拼命往下翻，急于要知道下文的究竟。现在，我决定对词汇要像守财奴那样不轻易放过；也要像穷人过日子，把每个句子当作身边最后一块钱，尽量拖延，慢慢花掉。 开始我是从实际出发，使我读的书慢慢拖延下去。但过了两个星期，我就开始领略超慢速阅读本身给我的教益了。吸引我注意的有时是个别的短语；有时却是整个句子。我总是慢条斯理地读，然后分析揣摩，然后又重新阅读甚至阅读的速度变得
39、比平时更慢然后静坐默思二十分钟，接着才又往下阅读。我像一个钢琴师，首先一个乐句一个乐句地心领神会乐曲的佳妙，接着操练一番，尽可能想把作曲家要表达的思想感情挖掘出来，并且惟妙惟肖地使它重新再现。)解析：解析 take the long view：意思是“从长远考虑”，但中文以四字格见长，不妨套用“从长计议”，使译文的行文与原文相吻合。 super-slow reading had given me not only pleasure but perspective：可以理解为“超慢速阅读不仅给我带来欢乐，而且给我带来解决问题的思路。”输出语言时，需要对理解的内容进行加工。中文的四字格，文字精练，
40、意义深刻，可以满足此句翻译的需要。建议译为：“超慢速阅读不仅使我心旷神怡，而且使我眼界开阔。” I decided, I had to become a miser with words：作者使用了暗喻的修辞方法，表明我对每个词都不轻易跳过的决心，译成汉语时应该增补本体与喻体之间的关联，使译文流畅、易懂，可译为“我决定对词汇要像守财奴那样不轻易放过。” stretch every sentence like a poor man spending his last dollar：“Stretch”的意思是“make (sth) longer, wider or tighter by pulli
41、ng”，即“拉长，撑大，拽紧(某物)”。例如：“Id love a holiday if our money will stretch that far.(我们的钱省着花要是能有结余，我倒是很想去度假。)”，此处“stretch every sentence”表示像穷人花掉最后一块钱那样，尽量慢慢阅读每一句话，细细品茗。 trying to discover and recreate exactly what the composer was trying to convey：英语中常见的省略现象，即“trying to discover what the composer was tryin
42、g to convey and recreate exactly what the composer was trying to convey”。考生首先要认清省略，然后找出省略的内容，接着决定是否在译文中采用省略。此句可以使用代词的方式来避免译文过于冗长，即“尽可能想把作曲家要表达的思想感情挖掘出来，并且惟妙惟肖地使它重新再现。”3.The old man would surely be proud. This week some 300 representatives, from 35 different countries, gathered in Beijings Great Hall
43、 of the People for the first-ever Confucius Institute conference. This was no philosophical pow-wow, but the worlds largest-ever conference on teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Confucius Institutes are Chinas answer to the Alliance Francaise, Germanys Goethe Institute and the British Council,
44、and officials hope they will help meet a growing global demand for Chinese-language education. Confucius Institutes have got off to a roaring start. The first was established in Tashkent in Uzbekistan in June 2004, the 75th in Cracow in Poland exactly two years later. No other Chinese international
45、franchise has done as well. Officially, they are overseen by Hanban, the agency charged by the Education Ministry with promoting the teaching of Chinese overseas. But Hanbans staff of only around 50 can barely cope with the volume of applications, on top of its other duties which include administeri
46、ng Hanyu Shuipin Kaoshi, the standard test of proficiency in Chinese.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(孔老夫子肯定会感到自豪。本周，来自35个国家的近300名代表在北京人民大会堂召开了首届孔子学院大会。这不是一次讨论哲学思想的会议，而是迄今为止最大的一次研究对外汉语教学的大会。孔子学院的意义如同法兰西联谊会、德国歌德学院和英国文化协会，中国官员希望它将有助于满足全球对汉语教学日益增长的需求。 孔子学院一开始发展就非常迅猛。第一所孔子学院于2004年6月在乌兹别克斯坦塔什干成立，短短两年后在波兰克拉科夫就成立了第75所。目前中国还没有哪一家国际机构能与之媲美。这些孔子学院的官方主管部门为国家汉办(国家汉语国际推广领导小组办公室)，后者是教育部下属机构，负责海外汉语教学推广。不过，仅有约50名工作人员的汉办实在难以应付纷至沓来的办学申请，而且它还担负着其它一些职责，比如汉语水平考试管理。)解析：解析 the old man结合上下文，应当译为“孔老夫子”。 some一词，做限定词使用时，表示“约，大约”，例如，Some 2000 were present.(大约有2000人出席。)，故some 300 representatives译为“近300名代表”。 the fi
