1、专业英语四级（语法与词汇）-试卷256及答案解析 (总分：52.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE(总题数：26，分数：52.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes
2、the sentence.（分数：2.00）_2.Your books and magazines are almost in a_; go and put them in order.（分数：2.00）A.chaosB.disorderC.messD.riot3.The animal protection group is calling on people to _ fur coats and care for wild animals.（分数：2.00）A.banB.forbidC.vetoD.boycott4.No one could ever_this government of n
3、ot caring about the poor.（分数：2.00）A.accuseB.chargeC.condemnD.prosecute5.Yu Dan and Lecture Room program gain popularity in modern China, which is _ of a new attitude towards Sinology.（分数：2.00）A.informativeB.indicativeC.initiativeD.instructive6.Which of the following is INCORRECT?（分数：2.00）A.He spent
4、all his time reading.B.Half the students are here.C.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.D.He asked many his friends for money.7.In I saw a thief stealing something , the underlined part is_（分数：2.00）A.a predicate.B.an attribute.C.a complement.D.an adverbial.8.Which of the following sentences c
5、an NOT be used as a response to I think this food is delicious?（分数：2.00）A.So do we.B.We do too.C.So we do.D.We think so too.9.Which of the following contains an adverbial of cause?（分数：2.00）A.He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his exertions.B.To draw the map properly, you need a special pen.C
6、.For all her wealth, she never wastes money on luxury goods.D.With all this work to do, I dont know whether I can go out.10.An important lecture _ tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night to prepare for it.（分数：2.00）A.to be givenB.will be givenC.is to be givenD.given11.No sooner _ t
7、han a student came to visit her.（分数：2.00）A.she had gone outB.has she gone outC.she has gone outD.had she gone out12.Once _, this power station will supply all the neighboring towns and villages with electricity.（分数：2.00）A.it being completedB.it completedC.completedD.it completes13.If you told the tr
8、uth to your principal, he _ able to give you much better suggestions than I can.（分数：2.00）A.wereB.wasC.will have beenD.would be14.Our boss, Mr. Thompson, _ a raise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.（分数：2.00）A.was promisingB.has been promisingC.promisedD.has promised15.Which of the foll
9、owing words can NOT be used to complete _the teachers came?（分数：2.00）A.OftenB.NearlyC.EventuallyD.Almost16.Just months after entering politics, he finds he has been under_ by a dogged justice system.（分数：2.00）A.sanityB.scarcityC.scrutinyD.serenity17.We work to make money, but its a_ that people who wo
10、rk hard and long often do not make the most money.（分数：2.00）A.dilemmaB.struggleC.collisionD.paradox18.Jane was determined to _ herself in the African way of life.（分数：2.00）A.immerseB.dipC.duckD.submerge19.The small village was perfectly quiet, except for a few _ dog barking.（分数：2.00）A.abruptB.accident
11、alC.casualD.occasional20.Mr. Mage is always _ on appearing his views these years.（分数：2.00）A.anxiousB.enthusiasticC.keenD.thirsty21.If we _in this practice, gradually well learn how to express ourselves in English.（分数：2.00）A.insistB.adhereC.persistD.maintain22.Race remains a prominent and _ issue in
12、the United States, which has struggled to overcome a legacy of slavery and discrimination.（分数：2.00）A.sensibleB.sensitiveC.sentimentalD.sensational23.What these young men and women need to do now is to develop a mentality to reconcile their ideals with reality. The underlined part means _.（分数：2.00）A.
13、interactB.interfaceC.harmonizeD.pair24.We _ any attempts to infiltrate company networks to obtain user information.（分数：2.00）A.sentenceB.condemnC.reproachD.scold25.The sun, rain, and frost had damaged the _wall of this old building.（分数：2.00）A.exteriorB.superficialC.outerD.outward26.In the sentence He
14、 did everything possible to help us, the underlined word is used to modify（分数：2.00）A.the subject.B.the predicate.C.the object.D.the infinitive phrase.专业英语四级（语法与词汇）-试卷256答案解析 (总分：52.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE(总题数：26，分数：52.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this secti
15、on. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.（分数：2.00）_解析：2.Your books and magazines are almost in a_; go and put them in order.（分数：2.00）A.chaosB.disorderC.messD.riot解析：解析：你的书和杂志简直是乱七
16、八糟，去把它们整理一下。A chaos指极度的杂乱和近乎完全的混乱，例如：The government collapsed and chaos reigned政府垮台，到处一片混乱。Bdisorder“混乱，杂乱”，常指缺乏整齐、顺序，例如：The emergency room was in disorder急救室一片混乱。Cmess指“混乱，混杂”，指十分肮脏，不整齐的状态，例如：This rooms in a mess这个房间杂乱不堪。Driot指“暴乱，暴动”，例如：He was killed in the riots他在暴乱中被杀。注：B和C在意思上符合句意，但只有in a mess的
17、搭配，如用disorder应为in disorder，故选C。3.The animal protection group is calling on people to _ fur coats and care for wild animals.（分数：2.00）A.banB.forbidC.vetoD.boycott解析：解析：动物保护组织正号召人们抵制皮毛大衣，关爱动物。A ban主要指官方“禁止”某种事情，例如：He has been banned from driving for a year他被禁止开车一年。Bforbid普通用语，指具有权威人士或官方发出禁令，并要求遵守，例如：Pa
18、rking forbidden! 禁止停车!Cveto指国王、总统等依其职权否决法案、提案等，例如：The president vetoed the bill总统否决了那项提案。Dboycott指“联合抵制”，常指拒绝购买某种商品(如本题)，例如：They have urged people to boycott foreign products他们敦促大家抵制外国产品。4.No one could ever_this government of not caring about the poor.（分数：2.00）A.accuseB.chargeC.condemnD.prosecute解析：
19、解析：没有人会指责该政府不关心穷人。Aaccuse严厉地指责或谴责某人，习惯搭配为accuse sbof stkdoing sth(如本题)，例如：You cant accuse me of being selfish你不能说我自私。Bcharge指对较严重错误或罪行向法院提出正式起诉，习惯搭配有charge sbwith sthdoing sth，例如：She has not yet been formally charged with the offence她还没有以这一罪名被正式起诉。Ccondemn指正式地“谴责，强烈指责”，从道义或原则上来说，常与for搭配，例如：He was ro
20、undly condemned for his mistake他因犯错而受到严厉指责。Dprosecute指对某人提出公诉，检举某人，习惯搭配为prosecute sbfor sth，例如：He was prosecuted for theft他因偷窃而被起诉。5.Yu Dan and Lecture Room program gain popularity in modern China, which is _ of a new attitude towards Sinology.（分数：2.00）A.informativeB.indicativeC.initiativeD.instruct
21、ive解析：解析：于丹和百家讲坛节目在现代中国受到欢迎，这表示人们对待国学有了新的态度。Ainformative表示“提供消息(或情报、资料)的，增进知识的”。Bindicative与of连用时表示“表示的，象征的”。Cinitiative作形容词表示“主动的，自发的”。Dinstructive表示“教育性的，有益的”。6.Which of the following is INCORRECT?（分数：2.00）A.He spent all his time reading.B.Half the students are here.C.All work and no play makes Ja
22、ck a dull boy.D.He asked many his friends for money.解析：解析：考查限定词的位置。many是后位限定词，不能放在his前面，只能说He asked many friends for money或者He asked many of his friends for money，故选D。7.In I saw a thief stealing something , the underlined part is_（分数：2.00）A.a predicate.B.an attribute.C.a complement.D.an adverbial.解析
23、：解析：现在分词用法题。see sbdodoing sth是“谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，stealing something在这里作宾语补足语，对宾语a thief做补充说明，答案为C。8.Which of the following sentences can NOT be used as a response to I think this food is delicious?（分数：2.00）A.So do we.B.We do too.C.So we do.D.We think so too.解析：解析：在描述“甲如何如何，乙也是如此”的语境对话中，若前者是肯定句，后者用“so+助
24、动词+主语”或“主语+助动词+too”以表示后者也如此。如I have a test today的回复可以是“So does he”或“He does too”，因此A、B正确。该题为I think后接宾语从句，因此也可用“We think so too”回答，so代替从句的内容，故D也正确。C为“so+主语+助动词”结构，意为“的确如此、确实如此”，只是进一步强调并重复前者所述内容，前后的主语必须一致，如：“He arrived early”“So he did”。C的主语与题干主语不一致，因此答案为C。9.Which of the following contains an adverbi
25、al of cause?（分数：2.00）A.He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his exertions.B.To draw the map properly, you need a special pen.C.For all her wealth, she never wastes money on luxury goods.D.With all this work to do, I dont know whether I can go out.解析：解析：考查状语在句中的用法。A、C中的介词短语in spite of all his e
26、xertions和for all her wealth均表示让步关系，作让步状语；B中的不定式结构To draw the map properly作目的状语；只有D中的介词短语With all this work to do表原因，意为“由于”，故答案为D。10.An important lecture _ tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night to prepare for it.（分数：2.00）A.to be givenB.will be givenC.is to be givenD.given解析：解析：逗号
27、前后分句缺乏连词，且主语与谓语均不一致，因此前半句应采取独立主格结构，构成句子的原因状语，相当于As an important lecture will be given tomorrow，故A为正确答案。D为过去分词作后置定语。不符合语境。11.No sooner _ than a student came to visit her.（分数：2.00）A.she had gone outB.has she gone outC.she has gone outD.had she gone out解析：解析：含否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句式(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有neve
28、r，seldom，scarcely，little，few，not，hardly以及not onlybut(also)，no soonerthan，hardlywhen等。答案为D。12.Once _, this power station will supply all the neighboring towns and villages with electricity.（分数：2.00）A.it being completedB.it completedC.completedD.it completes解析：解析：条件状语从句的省略形式。once在这里是连词，意为“一旦就”。当状语从句主语
29、和主句主语一致且状语从句有be动词时，可将状语从句的主语连同be一同省略。由于power station与complete之间存在被动关系，故选C，其中省略了it is。13.If you told the truth to your principal, he _ able to give you much better suggestions than I can.（分数：2.00）A.wereB.wasC.will have beenD.would be解析：解析：虚拟语气。本句条件从句中的谓语动词用了过去式told，说明其内容与现在将来的情况相反，所以主句谓语应该由“would+动词原
30、形”构成。B、C不用于虚拟语气；A项were只用于表虚拟的条件从句中。14.Our boss, Mr. Thompson, _ a raise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.（分数：2.00）A.was promisingB.has been promisingC.promisedD.has promised解析：解析：根据句意，promise这一动作在过去已发生，一直延续到现在，并对现在造成影响，且动作仍然正在进行。符合这一语意的时态只有现在完成时进行时，B为正确答案。现在完成时虽也表示过去开始的某一动作延续到现在，并对现在
31、造成影响，但它不能涵盖动作仍在进行这一语意。15.Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete _the teachers came?（分数：2.00）A.OftenB.NearlyC.EventuallyD.Almost解析：解析：考查副词的用法。副词nearly，almost都有“几乎，差不多”的意思，可以用于句中。eventually意为“最终，终于”，意思也正确。often是程度副词，表示“经常”，放入句中不通顺。16.Just months after entering politics, he finds he h
32、as been under_ by a dogged justice system.（分数：2.00）A.sanityB.scarcityC.scrutinyD.serenity解析：解析：就在他从政的几个月后，他就发现自己已处于顽固司法系统的监督之下了。Asanity“明智，头脑清楚” Bscarcity“缺乏，不足”Cscrutiny“监视，详细审查” Dserenity“平静，宁静”。17.We work to make money, but its a_ that people who work hard and long often do not make the most mone
33、y.（分数：2.00）A.dilemmaB.struggleC.collisionD.paradox解析：解析：我们通过工作赚钱，但辛苦工作很长时间的人通常挣的钱并不是最多的，这实在是有些自相矛盾。Adilemma指进退两难的境遇，左右为难，例如：They were caught in a real dilemma他们陷入了进退两难的境地。Bstruggle“搏斗，挣扎，努力”，指需要努力面对或拼搏的困难或险情，例如：It was a hard struggle to get my work done in time为使工作按时完成，我做了一番努力。Ccollision“冲突”，指意见、利益等
34、的冲突、抵触，也指两物的相撞，例如：The two ships came into collision两艘轮船相撞。Dparadox指似是而非的说法，自相矛盾的结论(如本题)，例如：The faster he tried to finish，the longer it seemed to take himIt is quite a paradox他越是想快点完成，似乎就做得越慢，这实在是很矛盾。18.Jane was determined to _ herself in the African way of life.（分数：2.00）A.immerseB.dipC.duckD.submerg
35、e解析：解析：简决心潜心研究非洲人的生活方式。Aimmerse“沉浸，浸入”，表示全部浸入液体中，比喻义为埋头从事某项工作，例如：She immersed herself in her work她投入工作。Bdip“浸”，指部分地、暂时地或轻微地放进液体，多暗示一种谨慎或试探性的动作，例如：She dipped a toe in the water to see how cold it Was她用脚尖沾了沾水，看看水到底有多凉。Cduck“潜入”，表示猛然扎入水中，又很快取出，例如：They ducked me in the pool他们把我猛按入水池中。Dsubmerge“浸没，淹没”，指长
36、时间的完全浸入、潜入，强调浸入液体深层，例如：The river overflowed and submerged the farmland河水泛滥，淹没了农田。注：这里用到了比喻义，immerse oneself in表示“潜心于，专心于”，所以选A。19.The small village was perfectly quiet, except for a few _ dog barking.（分数：2.00）A.abruptB.accidentalC.casualD.occasional解析：解析：这座小村庄非常安静，除了偶尔会听到几声狗叫。Aabrupt“突然的，意外的”强调事物的突变
37、。Baccidental“偶然的，意外的”，强调说明一件事意外的发生，没有预料到的发生。Ccasual“随便的，不经意的”，强调无目的无计划发生的事，含有随便的意味。Doccasional“偶然的，不时的”，说明一件事偶然的发生，不经常的发生(如本题)。20.Mr. Mage is always _ on appearing his views these years.（分数：2.00）A.anxiousB.enthusiasticC.keenD.thirsty解析：解析：麦基先生这几年都是如此热衷于抛洒他的观点。Aanxious常与about搭配，表示“焦急盼望的，渴望的”，常含有焦急、担心
38、的意味，例如：she was extremely anxious about her exams她因考试感到极度不安。Benthusiastic也常与about搭配，表示对某事物的极端喜爱或热情赞许，例如：He was quite enthusiastic about the idea他对这个想法很感兴趣。Ckeen后常接介词on(如本题)，表示受极大兴趣或意念驱使而热心地做某事，例如：A lot of boys are keen on computer games许多男生喜爱电脑游戏。Dthirsty后常跟介词for，表示“渴望的”，指具有做某事的强烈的愿望，例如：I am thirsty
39、for detailed information我渴望得到详细的消息。21.If we _in this practice, gradually well learn how to express ourselves in English.（分数：2.00）A.insistB.adhereC.persistD.maintain解析：解析：如果我们坚持这种做法，渐渐地我们就会学会用英语来表达自己。Ainsist常表示坚持意见、看法、主张，后跟介词on，例如：He insisted on walking home with her他一定要和她一起步行回家。Badhere“坚持，忠于”，暗示坚持不懈
40、之意，后常跟介词to，例如：How many people actually adhere to this view?实际有多少人坚持这一观点呢?Cpersist“坚持，执意”多指固执己见，但有时也可指褒义，后常跟介词in(如本题)，例如：Most of them persist in setting strict demands on themselves他们大多数人坚持严格要求自己。Dmaintain“维持，坚持”，后不用加介词，例如：she maintains that the accusation is groundless她坚持认为该指控是毫无根据的。22.Race remains
41、a prominent and _ issue in the United States, which has struggled to overcome a legacy of slavery and discrimination.（分数：2.00）A.sensibleB.sensitiveC.sentimentalD.sensational解析：解析：尽管美国一直在努力克服奴隶制的残余思想、消除歧视，但种族问题仍比较严重且敏感。Asensible“明智的，合情合理的” Bsensitive意为“敏感的，灵敏的”Csentimental“多愁善感的，伤感的”Dsensational“轰动的，
42、使人感动的”23.What these young men and women need to do now is to develop a mentality to reconcile their ideals with reality. The underlined part means _.（分数：2.00）A.interactB.interfaceC.harmonizeD.pair解析：解析：这些年轻男女如今要做的是将理想与现实协调好以发展其心智。下划线都分表示_。Ainteract“互动” Binterface“连接”Charmonize“协调”Dpair“配对”注：短语reconc
43、ilewith与harmonizewith意思一致。意为“协调和”。24.We _ any attempts to infiltrate company networks to obtain user information.（分数：2.00）A.sentenceB.condemnC.reproachD.scold解析：解析：我们谴责任何试图渗入公司网络以获取用户信息的行为。Asentence“判刑”，法律用语，例如：The judge sentenced him to do hard labour法官判他服劳役。Bcondemn“谴责”，侧重从道义或原则上的谴责，例如：The wife co
44、ndemned her husband for drinking too much妻子因丈夫贪杯而责怪他。Creproach“指责”，指不高兴或失望地指责，例如：His teacher reproached him for not doing his homework老师责备他不做作业。Dscold“责骂，训斥”，多指上级对下级、长辈对后辈或雇主对雇员的态度粗暴、言词激烈的数落，例如：I never scolded，even if my children made mistakes我从不斥责，即使我的孩子犯了错误我也不发火。注：从空格后的内容可以得知，渗入公司网络、以获取用户信息是一种不道德行
45、为，condemn与之搭配恰当，选B。25.The sun, rain, and frost had damaged the _wall of this old building.（分数：2.00）A.exteriorB.superficialC.outerD.outward解析：解析：阳光、雨水和霜侵蚀了这座古建筑的外墙。Aexterior“外部的，外面的”，和external经常可互换，但更强调位置与方位处于事物的表面或出于其外部的极限边缘，尤指建筑物(如本题)，例如：exterior wall外墙。Bsuperficial“表面的”，修饰表面的、没有深度的具体事物，例如：The crack in the table is only superficial桌子上的裂口很浅。Couter“外面的，外部的”，该词保留了比较级，表示离中心再远一些，例如：journey to t
