1、专业英语四级（语法与词汇）-试卷262及答案解析 (总分：52.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE(总题数：26，分数：52.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes
2、the sentence.（分数：2.00）_2.You _ be too careful when you drive a car in the rush hour.（分数：2.00）A.might notB.must notC.can notD.may not3.Success in life does not depend so much on chance _ on diligence and honesty.（分数：2.00）A.butB.norC.asD.like4.It is essential that misunderstanding _ during business ne
3、gotiations.（分数：2.00）A.be avoidedB.is avoidedC.will be avoidedD.has to be avoided5.A developing country usually receives more public aids than _ a developed country.（分数：2.00）A.inB.it receives inC.doesD.it does in6.The new folk song _ on really quickly.（分数：2.00）A.carriedB.tookC.caughtD.got7.My sister
4、is always building castles in the air . The underlined part means _.（分数：2.00）A.daydreamingB.using imaginationC.creating a work of artD.bragging about herself8.He was almost _ to Jack, but somehow looked a little shorter.（分数：2.00）A.equalB.equivalentC.identicalD.parallel9.The novel contains some marve
5、lously revealing _ of rural life in the 19th century.（分数：2.00）A.glimpsesB.glancesC.glaresD.gleams10.There were 500 _ at the international academic conference this summer.（分数：2.00）A.spectatorsB.viewersC.participantsD.onlookers11.William Perm, the founder of Pennsylvania, _ defended the right of every
6、 citizen to freedom of choice in religion.（分数：2.00）A.peculiarlyB.indifferentlyC.vigorouslyD.inevitably12.People who dont regularly drink caffeine tend to be more _ to its negative effects.（分数：2.00）A.sensibleB.sensationalC.sentimentalD.sensitive13.Kelly is putting the final _ to her speech.（分数：2.00）A
7、.notesB.remarksC.commentsD.touches14.Maybe you could _ yourself as a waiter and sneak in there.（分数：2.00）A.coverB.screenC.disguiseD.hide15.Book publishers may modify or _ a work with the permission of the copyright owner.（分数：2.00）A.shortenB.abbreviateC.abridgeD.reduce16.Which of the following sentenc
8、es is INCORRECT?（分数：2.00）A.I dont like carrots. Me neither.B.You are not so lazy as he.C.Mary is prettier than she.D.You have the same trouble as /.17.All the following sentences contain the tone of emphasis EXCEPT（分数：2.00）A.What a country needs most is wise leadership.B.I dont have a car, but I do
9、have a bike.C.Great party that was.D.She finished it by herself.18.In How much do you think she drinks? how much is _ of the sentence.（分数：2.00）A.the subjectB.the objectC.the complementD.the adverbial19.It is on the afternoon of September 1st_I met her at the supermarket.（分数：2.00）A.whenB.whereC.thatD
10、.which20.His manner was _ offend everyone who he met.（分数：2.00）A.so as toB.such as toC.so thatD.such that21.There _some misunderstanding between them, they never say hello to each other.（分数：2.00）A.beingB.beC.to beD.to have been22.A series of robberies _ recently.（分数：2.00）A.has been reportedB.has repo
11、rtedC.have been reportedD.have reported23.I dont think it is advisable that she _ her little boy of his freedom to spend the spare time as he wish.（分数：2.00）A.depriveB.deprivesC.deprivedD.has deprived24.The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at_ I thought was a dangerous speed.（分数：2.
12、00）A.asB.whichC.whatD.that25.She rarely shows herself in public, _ ?（分数：2.00）A.doesnt sheB.would sheC.does sheD.wouldnt she26.Over the past ten years, natural gas production has remained steady, but _ has risen steadily.（分数：2.00）A.disposalB.dissipationC.consumptionD.expenditure专业英语四级（语法与词汇）-试卷262答案解
13、析 (总分：52.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE(总题数：26，分数：52.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.（分数：2.00）_
14、解析：2.You _ be too careful when you drive a car in the rush hour.（分数：2.00）A.might notB.must notC.can notD.may not解析：解析：考查情态动词的固定表达。can notcanttoo意为“越越好，再也不过分”，这一结构还有变体can notcantover。因此答案为C。3.Success in life does not depend so much on chance _ on diligence and honesty.（分数：2.00）A.butB.norC.asD.like解析：
15、解析：固定结构。本题考查not so muchas这一结构的用法。not so muchas是个固定结构，表示“与其说，不如说”，答案为C。4.It is essential that misunderstanding _ during business negotiations.（分数：2.00）A.be avoidedB.is avoidedC.will be avoidedD.has to be avoided解析：解析：It is essential that引导的从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，其中should可省略，选A。5.A developing country
16、 usually receives more public aids than _ a developed country.（分数：2.00）A.inB.it receives inC.doesD.it does in解析：解析：考查比较状语从句。than连接比较状语从句，前后的成分应该对等，即此处比较对象应该都为“国家”，因此A、B、D三个选项都不正确。C项does实际上构成一个倒装结构，does为receives的代动词，以避免重复。如果不使用倒装，全句应该为：A developing country usually receives more public aids than a dev
17、eloped country receives在比较从句中，如果从句中的主语不是代词，而且从句谓语又跟主句谓语相同，就可以采用倒装结构。6.The new folk song _ on really quickly.（分数：2.00）A.carriedB.tookC.caughtD.got解析：解析：这首新民歌流行得真快。Acarried on“继续进行；从事，忙于” Btook on“呈现：承担”Ccaught on“变得流行；理解，明白”Dgot on“继续；进行；上车”7.My sister is always building castles in the air . The unde
18、rlined part means _.（分数：2.00）A.daydreamingB.using imaginationC.creating a work of artD.bragging about herself解析：解析：我姐姐整天做白日梦。下划线部分的含义是_。Adaydreaming“做白日梦” Busing imagination“运用想象力”Ccreating a work of art“创作艺术品” Dbragging about herself“自夸”注：短语build castles in the air指的就是“做白日梦”，即A。8.He was almost _ to
19、 Jack, but somehow looked a little shorter.（分数：2.00）A.equalB.equivalentC.identicalD.parallel解析：解析：他和杰克长得几乎一模一样，只是看起来矮点。Aequal指“相同的，相等的”，特指数量、价值相同。Bequivalent指“相等的”，特指价值、效力、意义等相同的。Cidentical“相同的，相等的”，侧重于某一细节上完全相同。Dparallel“平行的，类似的”，常暗示经过一个相似的历史发展过程。注：be identical to是常见搭配，表示“和一样”，C用在句中正合适。9.The novel
20、contains some marvelously revealing _ of rural life in the 19th century.（分数：2.00）A.glimpsesB.glancesC.glaresD.gleams解析：解析：这部小说有一些描写精彩地呈现了19世纪的乡村生活的点滴。Aglimpses一般表示“瞥见，一瞥”，用作比喻意义时可以表示“一点点”，例如本题的glimpses of rural life表示“乡村生活的点滴”。Bglances也可表示“一瞥，一眼”，但没有比喻性用法，例如：He and I exchanged a glance他和我相互瞥了一眼。Cgla
21、res一般表示“怒视”或“刺眼的强光”，偶尔也用作比喻性含义，意为“受公众注目”，例如：Celebrities have to live their fives in the glare of publicity名人们不得不在众目睽睽之下生活。Dgleams一般表示“微光”，用作比喻性含义时可以表示“(某种感情或特性的)闪现”，例如：a gleam of hope一线希望。10.There were 500 _ at the international academic conference this summer.（分数：2.00）A.spectatorsB.viewersC.partici
22、pantsD.onlookers解析：解析：这个夏天有500人参加了这个国际学术会议。Aspectators通常是指观看比赛或某个事件的观众。Bviewers通常是指电视观众。Cparticipants指“参加者”。Donlookers是指旁观者。11.William Perm, the founder of Pennsylvania, _ defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.（分数：2.00）A.peculiarlyB.indifferentlyC.vigorouslyD.inevitabl
23、y解析：解析：威廉.彭，宾夕法尼亚州的开创者。有力地保卫每个公民宗教信仰自由的权利。Apeculiarly“特别地，特有地” Bindifferently“漠不关心地，淡然地”Cvigorously“精神饱满地，精力充沛地”Dinevitably“不可避免地，必然地”12.People who dont regularly drink caffeine tend to be more _ to its negative effects.（分数：2.00）A.sensibleB.sensationalC.sentimentalD.sensitive解析：解析：不经常喝咖啡因的人对其负作用更为敏感
24、。Asensible“明智的。合情理的” Bsensational“轰动的，耸人听闻的”Csentimental“感伤的，多愁善感的”Dsensitive“敏感的”，其后接to13.Kelly is putting the final _ to her speech.（分数：2.00）A.notesB.remarksC.commentsD.touches解析：解析：凯利在给她的演讲稿做最后的润色。Anotes主要指读者或作者、编辑就书中某一问题在书页边上或书后作的注解、评注、批注，例如：see the notes见注释。Bremarks一般指简短的评论或非正式的评论。例如：He made a
25、few remarks on this issue他对这件事做了简短的评论。Ccomments相对来说更正式些，指“评语，评论”，例如：Teachers write comments on pupilswork教师常在学生的作业上写评注。Dtouches意为“修饰，增补”(如本题)，例如：This painting lacks the finishing touches这幅画尚欠润色。14.Maybe you could _ yourself as a waiter and sneak in there.（分数：2.00）A.coverB.screenC.disguiseD.hide解析：解析
26、：或许你可以假扮成一个侍者混进去。Acover基本意思是“覆盖”，可引申为“隐藏”、“掩饰”，有时可用cover up，例如：Louise laughed to cover her embarrassment路易丝以笑来掩饰她的尴尬。Bscreen指“屏蔽”，含有在之间设置屏障以遮蔽、掩护之义，例如：A floppy hat screened her face一顶松软帽遮住了她的脸。Cdisguise多指通过外表或行为的伪装“掩饰”真实身份、动机或态度等，常用短语disguise oneself as“假扮成”(如本题)，例如：He disguised himself as a girl他男扮
27、女装。Dhide最常用词，可指故意“隐藏、隐瞒”，也可指无意地“隐藏”，例如：Clouds hide the sun云遮住太阳。15.Book publishers may modify or _ a work with the permission of the copyright owner.（分数：2.00）A.shortenB.abbreviateC.abridgeD.reduce解析：解析：图书出版商经版权所有者许可，可以对其作品进行修改或删节。Ashorten通常指缩短时间、尺寸或过程，例如：He shortened his stay in Canada他缩短了在加拿大停留的时间。
28、Babbreviate指省去应有的或后续的部分，从而使整体缩短，例如：The name Susan is often abbreviated to Sue人名Susan经常被缩写为Sue。Cabridge多指对书籍的删节或缩短，删去不重要部分而保存其精华(如本题)，例如：This story must be abridged这篇小说必须加以删减。Dreduce指“减少”，例如：reduce ones expenditure减少某人的开支。16.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?（分数：2.00）A.I dont like carrots
29、. Me neither.B.You are not so lazy as he.C.Mary is prettier than she.D.You have the same trouble as /.解析：解析：考查代词的用法。A为简答句，口语中的简答句主语往往用宾格，后面不可有助动词；若要用助动词，必须用主格，如A中的me neither若要用助动词，则为neither do I。B、D中的as为连词，分别引导状语从句as he is lazy，as I have trouble，为避免重复省略后面一样的内容，保留下来的应该是主语，而不用宾格，为正确表达。只有C不正确，这里than是连词
30、，引导从句than she is因此剩下的应该是作主语的she is或者是宾格her。17.All the following sentences contain the tone of emphasis EXCEPT（分数：2.00）A.What a country needs most is wise leadership.B.I dont have a car, but I do have a bike.C.Great party that was.D.She finished it by herself.解析：解析：英语中除了用典型的句式It isthat表示强调外，还可以用what或
31、助动词do加强语气，do通常置于谓语动词前。如选项A和B所示，其正常描述分别为A country needs wise leadership mostI dont have a car，but I have a bike另外，还可将宾语或表语放在句首以加强语气，如选项C，则将表语Great party放在句首。只有D不含有加强语气，其中by herself为固定词组，意为“独自”，相当于without help，若改为She finished it herself则有强调的意味。18.In How much do you think she drinks? how much is _ of t
32、he sentence.（分数：2.00）A.the subjectB.the objectC.the complementD.the adverbial解析：解析：考查句子成分间的关系。在这个句子中，do you think为插入语，在How much she drinks中she是主语，drinks是谓语动词，引导词How much作drinks的宾语。因此选B。19.It is on the afternoon of September 1st_I met her at the supermarket.（分数：2.00）A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which解析：解析：这是
33、一个强调句，不是定语从句。题中on the afternoon of September 1st为强调部分，可还原成正常语序I met her at the supermarket on the afternoon of September 1st。强调句型中去掉It bethat后，句子仍然通顺，意义也依然完整。但定语从句去掉了It bethat后句子就不完整了。20.His manner was _ offend everyone who he met.（分数：2.00）A.so as toB.such as toC.so thatD.such that解析：解析：本题考查such as
34、to的用法。such as to表示“如此以至于”，在这个短语中such是个代词，代表上文提到的情况或句子暗含的情况。本句中such指代offend everyone，因此B符合题意。so as to表目的，意为“以便”。so that和such that后应跟一个完整的句子，而本题空格后没有主语，不是一个完整的句子，因此不符合题意。21.There _some misunderstanding between them, they never say hello to each other.（分数：2.00）A.beingB.beC.to beD.to have been解析：解析：独立主格
35、结构。此题的分句和主句的主语与谓语均不一致，同时主分句之间缺乏连词，因此分句应采取独立主格结构，构成句子的原因状语。故A正确。22.A series of robberies _ recently.（分数：2.00）A.has been reportedB.has reportedC.have been reportedD.have reported解析：解析：“抢劫案”与“报道”之间是被动关系，首先排除主动语态的B、D选项。a series of, a species of, a portion of, a kindtype of等加上名词时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，因为series，spe
36、cies，portion，kind，type前面被不定冠词a限定，因此是单数。23.I dont think it is advisable that she _ her little boy of his freedom to spend the spare time as he wish.（分数：2.00）A.depriveB.deprivesC.deprivedD.has deprived解析：解析：在“It is+a+that从句”引导的主语从句中，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“(should)+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。此类形容词有：advisable，imperati
37、ve，desirable，vital，urgent，necessary，important等。故答案为A。24.The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at_ I thought was a dangerous speed.（分数：2.00）A.asB.whichC.whatD.that解析：解析：从句法结构上看，句中介词at需要宾语，系动词was需要主语，而能同时在主、从句中作两种句子成分的关系代词有what，whatever, whoever，whomever，whichever等。从这一点出发，可知本题正确答案为C，
38、相当于the speed which。25.She rarely shows herself in public, _ ?（分数：2.00）A.doesnt sheB.would sheC.does sheD.wouldnt she解析：解析：考查反义疑问句。若陈述部分含有rarely，seldom，hardly，never，few，nothing，nowhere等否定词或半否定词，其反意疑问句部分要用肯定式。同时句中时态是一般现在时，故选C。26.Over the past ten years, natural gas production has remained steady, but _ has risen steadily.（分数：2.00）A.disposalB.dissipationC.consumptionD.expenditure解析：解析：在过去10年中，天然气的生产一直保持稳定，但消费却在稳步上升。Adisposal“丢掉，排列，布置” Bdissipation“浪费，挥霍，消散”Cconsumption“消费(量)，挥霍”Dexpenditure“经费，支出，消耗”
