1、专业英语四级模拟试卷651及答案解析 (总分：160.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、DICTATION(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the seco
2、nd and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.（分数：2.00）_二、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：6，分数：40.00)3.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSI
3、ON_4.SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the bl
4、ank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task._Social History of the East End of London1. lst-4th centuriesProduce from the area was used to【T1】 1 the people of London. 【T1】 22. 5th-10th centuriesNew technology allowed the production of goods made of【T2】 3and leat
5、her. 【T2】 43. 11th centuryLack of【T3】 5in the East End encouraged the growth of businesses.【T3】 64. 16th centuryConstruction of facilities for the building of【T4】 7stimulated international trade. 【T4】 8Agricultural workers came from other parts of【T5】 9to look for work. 【T5】 105. 17th centuryMarshes
6、 were drained to provide land that could be【T6】 11on. 【T6】 126. 19th centuryInhabitants lived in conditions of great【T7】 13with very poor sanitation. 【T7】 147. Early 20th centuryLiving conditions for most workers were【T8】 15: 【T8】 16Houses were【T9】 17closely together【T9】 18【T10】 19of the housing was
7、 the major concern【T10】 20（分数：20.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(2).【T2】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(3).【T3】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(4).【T4】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(5).【T5】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(6).【T6】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(7).【T7】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(8).【T8】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(9).【T9】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_(10).【T10】（分数：2.00）填空项1:_5.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this
8、 section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation , five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of
9、A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have thirty seconds to preview the questions._A.It would largely affect your health, well-being and happiness.B.It would make your home much more comfortable.C.It would make your neighbors not rude to you.D.It is helpfu
10、l in establishing a good relationship with your families.A.You should go introduce yourself later.B.You should wait a few more days.C.You should take a vacation.D.You should stay away from them.A.His neighbors loud music.B.His neighbors not being smart.C.His neighbors selfishness.D.His neighbors ind
11、ifference.A.Because they are unaware of it.B.Because they enjoy loud music.C.Because they are not light-sniff sleepers.D.Because they like to annoy others.A.She is in favor of calling police once there are problems.B.She is experienced at dealing with neighbors.C.She does not consider neighboring re
12、lationship important.D.She will not compromise herself to handle problems.A.He felt tired and sleepy.B.He was desperate for a drink of water.C.He had a poor appetite.D.He went to the doctor and had a urine test.A.A urine test.B.A blood test.C.A temperature test.D.A drinking test.A.In his childhood.B
13、.In his middle age.C.In his sixties.D.In his teens.A.Blood.B.Water.C.Insulin.D.Urine.A.A proper diet and tablets.B.A new kidney for him.C.Insulin injections.D.An operation to remove sugar.三、LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE(总题数：21，分数：42.00)6.PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Be
14、neath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.（分数：2.00）_7.In the sentence All the tasks having been fulfilled ahead of time , they decided to go on holiday for a week, the underlined phrase
15、is _.（分数：2.00）A.an independent genitive constructionB.a preposition-predicate constructionC.a predict-object constructionD.a subject-predicate construction8.Which of the following sentences indicates PERMISSION?（分数：2.00）A.You can swim, cant you?B.I can run fast.C.You cant park here.D.He cant have sl
16、ept through all that noise.9.The hours_ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people, undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.（分数：2.00）A.whenB.thatC.in whichD.on which10.We made him our monitor . The underlined part functions as a(n) _ in the sentence.
17、（分数：2.00）A.appositiveB.objectC.adverbialD.complement11.Doing morning exercises has helped to improve her health,_?（分数：2.00）A.isnt itB.hasnt itC.hasnt theyD.hasnt she12.Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?（分数：2.00）A.Nonsense.B.Carelessness.C.Housework.D.Uncountable.13.Which of the followi
18、ng sentences contains subjunctive mood?（分数：2.00）A.I recommend that you get some professional advice.B.She used to play football, and now she plays basketball.C.Protect these cute animals, and dont hurt them.D.If you need money, I can lend you some.14.In which of the following sentences, it is used f
19、or emphasis?（分数：2.00）A.It is everybodys duty to obey the law.B.I found it difficult for me to stay up at night.C.It is amazing that I can run so fast.D.It is the book that she gave me.15.In the broadest sense, just as archaeology is an aspect of anthropology, _.（分数：2.00）A.so too it is a part of hist
20、oryB.so too is it a part of historyC.neither too it is a part of historyD.neither too is it a part of history16.If I have improved in any way, I owe _ all to you.（分数：2.00）A.anyB./C.itD.some17.They have done away with _ Latin for university entrance at Harvard.（分数：2.00）A.influentialB.indispensableC.c
21、ompulsoryD.essential18.I caught a _ of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street.（分数：2.00）A.visionB.glimpseC.lookD.scene19.Ever since the rise of industrialism, education has been _ towards producing workers.（分数：2.00）A.harnessedB.hatchedC.motivatedD.geared20.If English is not ou
22、r first language, you can often be puzzled by ways of expression that the native speakers of English does not even have to _.（分数：2.00）A.think outB.think aboutC.think overD.think for21.Weve just installed a fan to _ cooking smells from the kitchen.（分数：2.00）A.ejectB.expelC.excludeD.exile22.The eldest
23、child is thoroughly _ because they always give him whatever he wants.（分数：2.00）A.wastedB.spoiledC.destroyedD.uneducated23.With great efforts of the peace-loving people all over the world, Iraq _ the war.（分数：2.00）A.survived fromB.survived inC.survivedD.survived to24.New books were displayed in a _ pos
24、ition on tables at the front of the shop.（分数：2.00）A.prominentB.distinguishedC.well-knownD.outstanding25.Royalty and a sense of responsibility are _ to a stable marriage.（分数：2.00）A.indispensableB.inseparableC.indirectD.indisputable26.True patriotism _ putting the interests of one country above everyt
25、hing, _ ones life.（分数：2.00）A.consists of. containingB.consists of. includingC.consists in. includingD.consists in. containing四、CLOZE(总题数：2，分数：40.00)27.PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can
26、be used ONCE ONLY.（分数：20.00）_A. division B. sufficient C. constant D. depths E. exteriorF. whereas G. stable H. proved I. external J. measuringK. environment L. inadequate M. making N. bottom O. characterizing For centuries it has been recognized that mammals and birds differ from other animals in t
27、he way they regulate body temperature. Ways of 1 the difference have become more accurate and meaningful over time, but popular terminology still reflects the old 2into warm blooded and cold blooded species; warm blooded included mammals and birds, 3all other creatures were considered cold blooded.
28、As more species were studied, it became evident that this classification was 4. A fence lizard usually has a body temperature only a degree or two below that of humans and so is not cold. Therefore the next distinction was made between animals that maintain a 5body temperature and those whose body t
29、emperature varies with their environment. But this classification also 6inadequate, because among mammals there are many that vary their body temperatures during hibernation. Furthermore, many invertebrates that live in the 7of the ocean never experience a change in the chill of the deep water, and
30、their body temperatures remain constant. The current distinction is between animals whose body temperature is regulated chiefly by internal metabolic processes and those whose temperature is regulated by the 8. The latter do so mainly by moving to favorable sites or by changing their exposure to 9 s
31、ources of heat. Mammals and birds also regulate their temperature by choosing favorable environments, but primarily they regulate their temperature by 10a variety of internal adjustments.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_五、READING COMPREHENSIO(总题数：10，分数：30.00)29.P
32、ART V READING COMPREHENSION_30.SECTION AIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer._(l)The majority of successful senior managers do n
33、ot closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives r
34、ely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking. (2)Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing mana
35、gers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness. (3)Isenbergs recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers in
36、tuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on
37、 years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha! experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis
38、. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, manager
39、s can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes patterns. (4)One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinki
40、ng is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations no
41、t by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.（分数：6.00）(1).The classical model of decision analysis includes all EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.evaluation of a problemB.establishment of clear goals to be reached by the decisionC.action undertaken in order t
42、o discover more information about a problemD.comparison of the probable effects of different solutions to a problem(2).How the writers on management understand intuition can be best described as _.（分数：2.00）A.contradictoryB.irrationalC.insightfulD.vague(3).In the authors view, senior managers do NOT
43、use intuition to _.（分数：2.00）A.speed up the creation of a solution to a problemB.identify a problemC.specify clear goalsD.evaluate possible solutions to a problem(l)More and more of the worlds supply of seafood is coming from farms. (2)Although 80% of the worlds seafood comes from marine harvests, there is a major shift under way toward aquaculture now. (3)Nearly 40% of salmon marketed today are raised in captivity, compared with 6% a decade ago. Forty percent of all clams, oysters, and mussels are produced in farm environments, along with 6
