1、专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-11及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)Women drivers are more likely to be involved in an accident, according to scientists.Researchers (1) 6.5 million car crashes and found a higher than expected number of accidents between two female drivers. They also discovered that women have a (2) time
2、negotiating crossroads, T-junctions and slip roads. The results are even more (3) given that men spend more time (4) than women. On average, men drive 60 percent of the time, and women 40 percent.Michael Sivak, of the University of Michigan, said: The results (5) that in certain crash situations, ma
3、le-to-male crashes tend to be under- represented and (6) crashes tend to be over-represented. Dr. Sivak and his colleague Brandon Schoettle studied data from a nationally (7) sample of police-reported crashes in the US from 1988 to 2007. They (8) to fend that accidents involving two male drivers wou
4、ld make up 36.2 percent of all crashes, while female-female accidents would (9) 15.8 percent and male-female 48 percent. (10) , they discovered that accidents involving two women drivers were 20.5 percent, while male-male crashes were (11) at 31.9 percent. Accidents involving male and female drivers
5、 (12) at 47.6 percent, as expected.The scientists also found that women were more likely than men to crash at a(n) (13) , and their cars were often (14) on the left- hand side when trying to make a (15) turn, and vice versa. Dr. Sivak said this (16) be due to height difference (17) the sexes.He said
6、: There are three (18) driver- related factors, including the (19) of being at the wrong place at the wrong time, ones own driving skills and the driving skills of (20) driver involved. /（分数：50.00）(1).A. looked up B. looked atC. looked in D. looked on（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. rash B. harshC. rough D.
7、tough（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. interesting B. surprisingC. rewarding D. conflicting（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. behind the wheel B. on the wheelC. in the car D. with the car（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. verify B. confirmC. indicate D. dictate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. female-to-male B. female-to-femaleC. male-to-fe
8、male D. females-to-males（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. characteristic B. illustrativeC. representative D. reflective（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. had expected B. expectC. expected D. have expected（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. make for B. account forC. apply for D. consist in（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. Therefore B. On the
9、 other handC. Whats more D. Instead（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. much lower B. much higherC. a little higher D. the lowest（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. arrived B. calculatedC. stood D. speculated（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. injection B. jointC. junction D. auction（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. hit B. smashedC. crushed
10、D. collided（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. left-hand B. right-handC. firsthand D. backhand（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. must B. mayC. can D. might（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. between B. amongC. from D. within（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. prominent B. definiteC. permanent D. dominant（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. applicability
11、 B. probabilityC. opportunity D. feasibility（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. another B. otherC. the other D. others（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.Fifty years ago, most peoples daily levels of activity were equivalent to walking three to five miles a day. Today, the (1) person fails to (2) that distance in a week. Its (3)
12、 the ratio of fatness has soaredwith serious implications for health.What we have (4) in convenience from labour-saving devices over the past half- century, we have paid for (5) a sharp decline in physical activity. We use cars, buses or trains to (6) work; our children are (7) to school; elevators
13、and lifts have replaced (8) stairs in shopping centres, offices and apartment blocks. Washing machines, vacuum cleaners, dishwashers and electric mowers all reduce the effort required to (9) a clean and tidy home. Almost one third of adults (10) over ten hours sitting down every day, adding (11) a s
14、taggering average of 32 years and four months over a lifetime. (12) surprising, then, that researchers (13) this lifestyle for our weight gain.Of course, our diets have changed, too, (14) the fact is that we consume fewer calories now than in the 1960s. So what is the (15) ? The secret is integrated
15、 exercise. This (16) going about your normal daily lifebut doing it with enthusiasm. It might mean standing to (17) the phone and tapping your feet on the floor as you work. It means never taking the car when you could walk; it means standing on short train and bus (18) , or walking at a pace (19) y
16、ou feel you might break into a run if you were to go any (20) .（分数：50.00）(1).A. average B. commonC. familiar D. normal（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. take B. walkC. include D. cover（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. no doubt B. no wonderC. no longer D. no matter（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. gained B. receivedC. accepted D.
17、acquired（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. in spite of B. in terms ofC. instead of D. in that（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. get into B. get toC. get in D. get off（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. taken B. drivenC. accompanied D. delivered（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. conservative B. formalC. conventional D. usual（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9)
18、.A. maintain B. sustainC. protect D. preserve（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. cost B. payC. take D. spend（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. up to B. toC. in D. on（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. Rarely B. HardlyC. Almost D. Nearly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. blame B. criticizeC. accuse D. scold（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. and B. soC
19、. but D. as（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. approach B. solutionC. method D. application（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. involves B. concernsC. relates D. entails（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. ring B. replyC. answer D. respond（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. expeditions B. voyagesC. tours D. journeys（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. when
20、 B. whichC. who D. where（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. fast B. fasterC. quick D. quicker（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-11答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)Women drivers are more likely to be involved in an accident, according to scientists.Researchers (1) 6.5 million car crashes and found a higher than expecte
21、d number of accidents between two female drivers. They also discovered that women have a (2) time negotiating crossroads, T-junctions and slip roads. The results are even more (3) given that men spend more time (4) than women. On average, men drive 60 percent of the time, and women 40 percent.Michae
22、l Sivak, of the University of Michigan, said: The results (5) that in certain crash situations, male-to-male crashes tend to be under- represented and (6) crashes tend to be over-represented. Dr. Sivak and his colleague Brandon Schoettle studied data from a nationally (7) sample of police-reported c
23、rashes in the US from 1988 to 2007. They (8) to fend that accidents involving two male drivers would make up 36.2 percent of all crashes, while female-female accidents would (9) 15.8 percent and male-female 48 percent. (10) , they discovered that accidents involving two women drivers were 20.5 perce
24、nt, while male-male crashes were (11) at 31.9 percent. Accidents involving male and female drivers (12) at 47.6 percent, as expected.The scientists also found that women were more likely than men to crash at a(n) (13) , and their cars were often (14) on the left- hand side when trying to make a (15)
25、 turn, and vice versa. Dr. Sivak said this (16) be due to height difference (17) the sexes.He said: There are three (18) driver- related factors, including the (19) of being at the wrong place at the wrong time, ones own driving skills and the driving skills of (20) driver involved. /（分数：50.00）(1).A
26、. looked up B. looked atC. looked in D. looked on（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词短语辨析题。B：looked at“检查，查看”符合此处句意，故为正确选项。A：looked up“(在词典、参考书中)查阅”、C：looked in“顺路访问”和D：looked on“旁观”均不符合文意，故排除。(2).A. rash B. harshC. rough D. tough（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。D：tough“困难的，费力的”，此处构成have a tough time doing sth. 结
27、构，意为。“做某事很困难”，故为正确答案。A：rash“鲁莽的，轻率的”、B：harsh“恶劣的，残酷的”和C：rough“粗糙的，无礼的”均可排除。(3).A. interesting B. surprisingC. rewarding D. conflicting（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。联系上下文，女性驾车时间少于男性，但交通事故却比预料的多，因此结果应该是令人吃惊的，所以B：surprising为正确选项。A：interesting“有趣的”、C：rewarding“有益的；有意义的”和D：conflicting“冲突的，矛盾的”都不符合文意，故排除。
28、(4).A. behind the wheel B. on the wheelC. in the car D. with the car（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。A：behind the wheel是固定搭配，意为“驾驶；操舵”，符合文意，故为正确答案。(5).A. verify B. confirmC. indicate D. dictate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。C：indicate“表示，显示”和此处主语results搭配符合句意，故为正确答案。A：verify“证明，核实”、B：confirm“确定，确认”和D：dict
29、ate“口述；命令”均不符合文意，故排除。(6).A. female-to-male B. female-to-femaleC. male-to-female D. females-to-males（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇理解题。根据上下文分析，前半句是说男司机之间的事故，因此此处的相撞事故应该是在女司机之间发生的，和male-to-male相对应的只有B：female-to-female，其他选项均可以排除。(7).A. characteristic B. illustrativeC. representative D. reflective（分数：2.50）A.B
30、.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。C：representative“有代表性的，典型的”，在此处修饰sample“实例，范例”，符合文意，故为正确答案。A：characteristic“特有的，独特的”、B：illustrative“作为例证的，实例的”以及D：reflective“反省的，深思熟虑的”均不符合文意，故排除。(8).A. had expected B. expectC. expected D. have expected（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语法题。此处是说研究人员在看到结果前的预期，因此是“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时，A：had expected
31、是正确答案，其他三项皆可排除。(9).A. make for B. account forC. apply for D. consist in（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词短语辨析题。根据前半句的含义，此处所填短语应和make up“构成，组成”的意思相近，选项中只有B：account for可以表示“(在数量，比例方面)占”，符合文意要求，故为答案。A：make for“向方向前进；促进”、C：apply for“申请；适用”和D：consist in“存在于”，这三项均不符合文意，故排除。(10).A. Therefore B. On the other handC.
32、Whats more D. Instead（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇衔接题。根据上下文的含义，此处的连接词应该表示和前一句的预想不同，因此D：Instead“反而，却”为正确答案。A：Therefore“因此”、B：On the other hand“另一方面”和C：Whats more“而且，更加”均不符合文意，故排除。(11).A. much lower B. much higherC. a little higher D. the lowest（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇理解题。从原文含义和所给数据分析，预想中男司机之间的相撞比例是36.2%
33、，而实际比例是31.9%，比预想低得多，即much lower，故A是正确答案。B：much higher“高得多”、C：a little higher“高一点”和D：the lowest“最低”均不符合文意，故排除。(12).A. arrived B. calculatedC. stood D. speculated（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。C：stood“为，是”，可以表示测得的特定数量、得分、度数等，后接at，符合此处的语义和搭配，故为正确答案。A：arrived和at连用表示“到达”；B：calculated意为“计算，估计”；D：speculated“
34、思考；推测”，一般和on，upon等搭配，均可排除。(13).A. injection B. jointC. junction D. auction（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。C：junction“汇合点，交叉口”符合此处文意，故为正确答案。A：injection“注射，注入”、B：joint“结合点，接缝，关节”和D：auction“拍卖”均可排除。(14).A. hit B. smashedC. crushed D. collided（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。A：hit“撞上，撞到”，are often hit on the l
35、eft-hand side意为“常在左侧被撞上”，故为正确答案。B：smashed“打碎，粉碎”、C：crushed“压坏，压碎”均不符合句意，故排除；D：collided“碰撞，相撞”为不及物动词，故排除。(15).A. left-hand B. right-handC. firsthand D. backhand（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 逻辑关系题。从本句的句意分析，车的左侧被撞，一定是向右拐时发生的，所以只有B：right-hand“右侧的”符合逻辑，故为正确答案。A：left-hand“左侧的”、C：first-hand“直接的，第一手的”和D：backhand“(
36、网球等)反手拍的”均可排除。(16).A. must B. mayC. can D. might（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 情态动词辨析题。此处分析女司机容易发生上述事故的原因，从原文含义看应该不止有一种可能的原因，再结合时态，只有D：might符合句意，其他三项皆可排除。(17).A. between B. amongC. from D. within（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 介词辨析题。本句中的sexes当然是指男、女两性，所以所填介词应表示“在两者之间”，故A：between为正确答案。B：among“在之间”，一般指三者以上；C：from“从”；D
37、：within“在里面”，这三项均不符合文意，故排除。(18).A. prominent B. definiteC. permanent D. dominant（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。D：dominant“主要的，支配的”符合本句含义，故为正确答案。A：prominent“突出的，显眼的；卓越的”、B：definite“一定的，明确的”和C：permanent“永久的，永恒的”均不符合文意，故排除。(19).A. applicability B. probabilityC. opportunity D. feasibility（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D
38、.解析：解析 名词辨析题。此处提到第一个车祸原因：在错误的时间出现在错误的地点，这是一种可能性，因此B：probability“可能性，或然性”为正确答案。A：applicability“应用性，适用性”、C：opportunity“机会，时机”和D：feasibility“可行性”均不符合文意，故排除。(20).A. another B. otherC. the other D. others（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 代词辨析题。C：the other表特指的“(两个中的)另外一个”，此处作定语修饰driver，符合文意，故为正确答案。A：another表泛指的“另外一个
39、”；B：other表泛指的“别的，其他的”；D：others“另外的人(或物)”，在句中作主语或宾语，此三项均可排除。Fifty years ago, most peoples daily levels of activity were equivalent to walking three to five miles a day. Today, the (1) person fails to (2) that distance in a week. Its (3) the ratio of fatness has soaredwith serious implications for hea
40、lth.What we have (4) in convenience from labour-saving devices over the past half- century, we have paid for (5) a sharp decline in physical activity. We use cars, buses or trains to (6) work; our children are (7) to school; elevators and lifts have replaced (8) stairs in shopping centres, offices a
41、nd apartment blocks. Washing machines, vacuum cleaners, dishwashers and electric mowers all reduce the effort required to (9) a clean and tidy home. Almost one third of adults (10) over ten hours sitting down every day, adding (11) a staggering average of 32 years and four months over a lifetime. (1
42、2) surprising, then, that researchers (13) this lifestyle for our weight gain.Of course, our diets have changed, too, (14) the fact is that we consume fewer calories now than in the 1960s. So what is the (15) ? The secret is integrated exercise. This (16) going about your normal daily lifebut doing
43、it with enthusiasm. It might mean standing to (17) the phone and tapping your feet on the floor as you work. It means never taking the car when you could walk; it means standing on short train and bus (18) , or walking at a pace (19) you feel you might break into a run if you were to go any (20) .（分
44、数：50.00）(1).A. average B. commonC. familiar D. normal（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。A：average表示“普通的，一般的，平均水平的”，符合文意，故选A。B：common表示“共同的，普遍的”，常用的表达方式为the common people(老百姓)；C：familiar表示“熟悉的”；D：normal表示“正常的，标准的”，均可以排除。(2).A. take B. walkC. include D. cover（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。cover除表示“覆盖，掩盖”的意思，
45、还可表示“通行，经过，穿过”之意，例如：They covered 60 miles in two days(他们两天走了60英里。)，而其他动词take和include都没有cover表述准确，walk与后面的名词that distance不可搭配使用，故选D。(3).A. no doubt B. no wonderC. no longer D. no matter（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。B：no wonder表示“不足为奇”，由于前文谈到人们每天的运动量不如从前，这是致使人们肥胖率升高的原因，因此作者认为肥胖率升高也就不足为奇了。故选B。A：no doubt表示“无疑地”；C：no longer表示“不再”；D：no matter表示“无论”，均可以排除。(4).A. gained B. receivedC. accepted D. acquired（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动同辨析题。gain和acquire虽然都表示“获得”，但是gain强调“不费力气获得好处和便利”，acquire强调“通过努力获得(知识等)”，文意为：我们不需要付出努力便可从先进的设备和工具中获取便利，所以此题选A：gain
