1、专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-33及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART CLOZE(总题数：1，分数：40.00)The West has begun to take more notice of the East.The fifth (1) of an enormous (2) reassessing the Chinese contribution to science and technology is to be published next year. The first volume, (3) was published twenty years
2、ago, (4) the tone of the whole work. In it, evidence was given to show that many inventions which (5) , western historians had claimed for Europe, were made (6) in China. The attempt to rewrite the intellectual history of the world was not received (7) protest by some reputable historians. (8) , the
3、 evidence that has been presented so far in the first four volumes has persuaded many historians who were (9) at first. Chinas invention of paper, printing, the magnetic compass and gunpowder (10) disputed, but this new history has added (11) bridge design, mechanical clocks, paddleboats and many (1
4、2) inventions to the list.In the four volumes published so far no attempt has been made to explain (13) China has not kept up with the West in science and technology in modern (14) . It is probable that the answer (15) in the social and economic history of China, where a static society (16) a relati
5、vely benevolent regime of scholar-gentry (17) the potentially revolutionary and dynamic society of the West at the end of the Middle Ages. In recent years, the Chinese government has been making every effort to (18) the West again, and there is (19) doubt that the gap is being (20) year by year. But
6、 will China avoid the Wests mistake?（分数：40.00）(1).A. version B. volume C. selection D. collection（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. work B. works C. working D. worked（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. that B. which C. what D. of which（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. decided B. made C. set D. set up（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. before t
7、hen B. after then C. by then D. until then（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. first B. later C. repeatedly D. often（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. for B. of C. without D. with（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. Therefore B. Thereupon C. However D. Otherwise（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. skeptical B. cynical C. irrational D. hesitant（分数：2
8、.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. was never B. were never C. have never been D. has never been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. laggard B. unpractical C. advanced D. advancing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. other B. important C. famous D. ingenious（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. how B. that C. what D. why（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. age B.
9、 ages C. time D. times（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. is found B. is to be found C. be found D. has been found（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(16).A. with B. within C. through D. under（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(17).A. contrasts with B. contrasts against C. resembles D. compares with（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(18).A. make up with B. catch u
10、p with C. close up D. patch up with（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(19).A. little B. a little C. few D. a few（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(20).A. widened B. overlooked C. neglected D. reduced（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、PART GRAMMAR AND V(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1._ if you had lost your watch?A. Werent you upset B. Wouldnt you be upsetC. Hadnt
11、 you been upset D. Wouldnt you have upset（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.Confronted with the absolute proof, he admitted _ an old woman of seventy who was crossing the street.A. to run over and injure B. to have run over and injuredC. running over and injuring D. having run over and injured（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.It
12、is no good _ to come now. He is busy at the moment to deal with other urgent things.A. asking him B. that you ask himC. to ask him D. if you ask him（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.I wont pay 2000 dollars for the shirt; it is not worth _.A. much all that B. all that muchC. that much all D. that all much（分数：2.00）A
13、.B.C.D.5.He hardly dared to walk outside alone at night. Which of the following statements is true?A. He often walked outside alone at night.B. He decided to walk outside alone at night.C. He seldom walked outside alone at night.D. He would never stop walking outside alone at night.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.
14、6.He invited all his _ to join in his wedding party.A. comrades-ins-arms B. comrades-in-armC. comrade-in-arm D. comrades-in-arms（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.I believe there is _ a ghost in the world.A. no such thing as B. not such thing asC. no such a thing as D. not such a thing as（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.The doct
15、or is feeling the little girls pulse. He says it _ normal.A. is feeling B. has feltC. feels D. is felt（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.Nobody likes him because he _ to curry favor with the boss.A. always tries B. is always tryingC. does always try D. has always tried（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.John will have to go to wor
16、k by bus as his car _.A. is repaired B. is needed repairsC. is being repaired D. is needed repairing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.The work _ by the time you get here.A. will have been done B. would have been doneC. will have done D. has been done（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.The old man said that the city _ much since
17、he came here.A. changed B. has changedC. is changing D. had changed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.The teacher requested that _ so as to find a solution as soon as possible.A. the students studied the problems more carefullyB. the problem would be more carefully studiedC. the students had studied the problem wi
18、th more careD. the problem be studied with more care（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.Tom _ to New York but he had something urgent to deal with.A. was going B. was to goC. was to have gone D. is to go（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15._ him tomorrow?A. Why not to call on B. Why dont call onC. Why not to calling on D. Why not c
19、all on（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.In the coming term she will _ the advanced class.A. take advantage of B. take account ofC. take charge of D. take care of（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.The company has employed a girl who is _ at operating the computer.A. sufficient B. proficientC. efficient D. inefficient（分数：2.00）A.B
20、.C.D.18.The _ that exists among nations could certainly be lessened if misunderstanding and mistrust were removed.A. tension B. strainC. stress D. intensity（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.A word processor is much better than a typewriter in that it enables you to enter and _ your text more easily.A. register B.
21、 dictateC. edit D. print（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.At that time I was ignorant _ events going on elsewhere.A. of B. withC. to D. for（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.I know you have got a smooth tongue, so dont talk me _ buying it.A. away B. intoC. out D. down（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.The farmers are _ seeds over the field.A.
22、 staggering B. dispersingC. scattering D. spreading（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.In _ of expert help, we have to rely on our own efforts.A. default B. faultC. defense D. defiance（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the milkmaid fought hard to _ her laughter.A. hold out B. ho
23、ld backC. hold up D. hold off（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.As a result of the crisis, the government is urging people to be _ with energy.A. economical B. economyC. economic D. economics（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.Digestion is a process which is not under the control of the will. It is not a(n) _ process.A. simultane
24、ous B. voluntaryC. anonymous D. compulsory（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.When I asked him to pay me what he owed, he went purple with _.A. rage B. angerC. indignation D. resentment（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.Many of them are _ of the original settlers.A. descendants B. forefathersC. ancestors D. masters（分数：2.00）A.B.C.
25、D.29.Plastics today _ a wide range of industries and trades.A. attribute to B. devote toC. attend to D. contribute to（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.The _ from the fire made the room warm and cozy.A. flicker B. glowC. flash D. glint（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-33答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART CLOZE(总题数：1
26、，分数：40.00)The West has begun to take more notice of the East.The fifth (1) of an enormous (2) reassessing the Chinese contribution to science and technology is to be published next year. The first volume, (3) was published twenty years ago, (4) the tone of the whole work. In it, evidence was given t
27、o show that many inventions which (5) , western historians had claimed for Europe, were made (6) in China. The attempt to rewrite the intellectual history of the world was not received (7) protest by some reputable historians. (8) , the evidence that has been presented so far in the first four volum
28、es has persuaded many historians who were (9) at first. Chinas invention of paper, printing, the magnetic compass and gunpowder (10) disputed, but this new history has added (11) bridge design, mechanical clocks, paddleboats and many (12) inventions to the list.In the four volumes published so far n
29、o attempt has been made to explain (13) China has not kept up with the West in science and technology in modern (14) . It is probable that the answer (15) in the social and economic history of China, where a static society (16) a relatively benevolent regime of scholar-gentry (17) the potentially re
30、volutionary and dynamic society of the West at the end of the Middle Ages. In recent years, the Chinese government has been making every effort to (18) the West again, and there is (19) doubt that the gap is being (20) year by year. But will China avoid the Wests mistake?（分数：40.00）(1).A. version B.
31、volume C. selection D. collection（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。空格前面的the fifth正好与后一句的主语the first volume形成一个关联话题，既然先说了“第五”之后，又说第一卷，当然“第五”为“第五卷”，正确选项为volume。volume“卷，册”，如：a set of Dickens works in 24 volumes 24卷一套的狄更斯作品集。version“版本”，指一件文学或艺术作品改编为另一种媒介或形式，如：I prefer the film version of his novel. 我更喜欢根
32、据他的这部小说拍成的电影。version还有一个常用意义为“翻译，译本”，如：These books are Chinese versions of Shakespeare. 这些书籍是莎士比亚作品的中译本。selection“选择物，精选品，文选”，指经过挑选淘汰之物，如：She strongly recommended that we read Selections from Charles Dickens. 她强烈推荐我们阅读狄更斯选集。collection“收藏品，搜集的东西”，如：Our library has a large collection of books. 我们的图书馆里
33、有大量藏书。(2).A. work B. works C. working D. worked（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：语法题。本句的主谓语(为系表结构)分别为空格中的词汇和is，因此，选项应为单数或不可数名词。另外，volume限制了其意为书籍类，选项work可作“著作”讲，常用复数形式works，但也可用a work。本句中出现an(enormous)，因此只能选work。works“著作”，指作家、画家等被收集为或看作一个整体的作品，如：the works of Shakespeare莎士比亚的作品。worked为动词work“工作”的过去式，working为现在分词，它们
34、的含义都与书籍无关，因此不能选。(3).A. that B. which C. what D. of which（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：语法题。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系代词修饰前面的名词volume，在从句中做主语，因此只能选which。of which修饰带有介词的名词并将介词提前，放在代替名词的关系代词之前，如：He has lots of books, most of which are bought from second-hand bookshops. 他有很多书，大多数是从二手书店买来的。that和what不能用于非限定性定语从句。(4).A. decided
35、B. made C. set D. set up（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：词汇题。固定搭配词组的词义辨析题。set意为“确定，规定”，set a tone“定调”，为常用搭配，指为某事确定基本原则等，如：She set the tone in her opening address. 她在开幕辞中定下了调子。此处指本书第一卷为整套著作定下了基调，因此，选set。set up表“创立，开办”，如：After ten years of hard work， he set up his own company. 经过十年的努力，他创立了自己的公司。decided“决定”，指影向或决定的
36、结果，如：A few votes decided the election. 一些选票决定了选举的结果。made含义非常多，但不与tone搭配使用表“定调”。(5).A. before then B. after then C. by then D. until then（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。纵观全文，尤其是对中国四大发明的肯定，可判断此套著作是对中国发明创造的承认。另外，介绍第五卷出版时，指出本巨著reassessing the Chinese contribution to science and technology(重新估价中国人民对科技的贡献)
37、。之后谈到第一卷的出版就为整套著作定了调。因此，根据上下文，本句中的evidence“证据”应支持这种说法，因此，此处的含义应为“这些发明是属于中国的”。由此而推，西方历史学家因此书知道了这种情况。空格后的含义是“西方历史学家宣称为欧洲的发明创造”，那么该书出版后就不应继续持此观点，因此，空格含义应为“直到该书出版”，只有选项until then(一直到那时指该书出版之时)符合。until指“到为止，在以前”，指某一情况一直持续到某一时候为止，之后便不再如此，如：Go straight on until you come to a large building. 一直往前走，直到你走到一座大楼
38、(之后便不要再继续往前走)。before then也表“在那时之前”，但没有“到那时为止”的含义，因此，不能像until then这样准确表示本句的客观实际情况，即因书的出版西方历史学家改变了其原有的看法。after then“那时之后”，此选项与文章主题有冲突，如果是书出版了之后西方历史学家还认为这些发明创造属于欧洲国家，那么这套书最基本的意义就不存在；另外，从句子时态上来看，与过去完成时had claimed也不符。by then“到那时为止”，指从某个时候开始直到某个时候结束完成某事，如：By then, I will have finished two of his books. 到那
39、时，我会读完他的两本书。本句没有直到某时完成某事的含义。(6).A. first B. later C. repeatedly D. often（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。整套书讲的都是中国对世界科技的贡献。其次，此处动词时态为过去时were，而前面从句的时态为过去完成时had claimed，从时间上的先后也可推出认识上的改变，以前“宣称为欧洲发明”，之后(第一卷书出版之后)认识到为中国最先发明，因此选first。later“更晚”与上下文冲突，repeatedly“重复”，often“经常”，均不符合题意。(7).A. for B. of C. witho
40、ut D. with（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。前一句说本书第一卷出版之前，西方历史学家认为那些发明为欧洲所有，后一句又讲到the evidence.has persuaded many historians，指前四卷提供的证据才使他们相信了这些发明为中国之首创，那么重写科技史一定会遇到阻力，因此，在这儿选without。本句为双重否定was not.without，表“不是没有遭受到反对”。with表达的含义与本句正相反，不合题意。for表目的，of表所属关系，也都与题意不合。(8).A. Therefore B. Thereupon C. However
41、D. Otherwise（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。前一句讲了撰写此著作遭遇到了阻力，这一句讲到前四卷的出版使得本来持怀疑态度的历史学家相信了这一事实，因此，两句之间应为转折关系。四个选项中，只有however表转折，因此，为正确选项。本句中however意为“尽管，然而，还是”，为副词，如：We have not yet won; however, we shall try again. 我们还没有取胜，不过我们还要再试一下。nevertheless做副词时与however同义，但可与but合用，如：He was extremely tired, but h
42、e was nevertheless unable to sleep until after midnight. 他虽非常疲倦，但仍然到午夜后才睡着。therefore“因此，所以”，副词，表结果，如：He was ill, and therefore could not come. 他病了，所以未能来。thereupon“于是，因此，立即”，副词，指结果紧随其原因后，如：The stolen jewels were found in his room; thereupon he was put in jail. 被窃的珠宝在他房间内被查出，于是他被关进了监狱。otherwise做副词时表“不
43、然，否则”，如：He reminded me of what I should other wise have forgotten. 要不是他提醒我，那件事我就忘记了。(9).A. skeptical B. cynical C. irrational D. hesitant（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。前文已交待西方历史学家最初将这些发明归功于欧洲，是因为这套巨著才“使得他们相信”(has persuaded)这些发明为中国所有，从而改变了看法。本句主要讲本著作出版前后历史学家们的观点的改变。空格后的at first“最初”指历史学家最开始的看法，与出书后的情况
44、相反，应为“怀疑”，因此，选skeptical。skeptical“怀疑的”，如：No matter how strong the proof I provided, he was still skeptical. 不管我提供的证据多么有力，他还是持怀疑态度。cynical“愤世嫉俗的，怀疑的”，指对人性、动机的怀疑，如：He is cynical about recovering his watch. 他不相信能找回丢失的表。本句暗指他对世间真诚和善意等的怀疑，不相信有人会归还失主丢失的物品。文章此处不含有西方历史学家的人生态度的意义，因此，不能选择。irrational“不理智的，不听从理
45、性的，缺乏正确判断的”，如：an irrational dislike不理智的憎恶。出书前后历史学家持两种相反的态度“信”或“不信”(即怀疑)，非理智与“相信”不构成对立；而且如果他们“非理智”，那么再多再有说服力的证据都不可能让他们改变看法，这与本文存在矛盾，所以本项也不能选。hesitant“犹豫的，迟疑的”，如：The general is hesitant to court-martial him. 将军对是否将他交与军事法庭审判还犹豫不决。hesitant也不能与“相信”形成对立的含义，另外，后面也没有再交待他们又经过了其他的事情才相信此事实，所以不是最佳答案。(10).A. was never B. were never C. have never been D. has never been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。首先，本句的主语为invention，单数名词；其次，从本句后一个分句的时态has added来看，前后时态应一致，而文章中没有时态变化的任
