1、专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-19及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)To err is human and to forgive divine, according to the old adage. Humans who forgive are (1) to experience significant physical and (2) health benefits from doing so. Now researchers report that these (3) health effects appear to (4) by age, along with
2、the willingness to forgive others and the willingness to forgive (5) Taken together, our findings emphasize that forgiveness is a multidimensional (6) , write study lead author Dr. Loren L. Toussaint of the University of Michigan and his colleagues. There are age differences in some (7) of forgivene
3、ss and in their (8) to health. Their conclusions are based on survey (9) from more than 1,100 adults during a 5-month study period. (10) , young adults (18-44 years) reported that they were less (11) to forgive others than middle-aged (15-64) and older adults (65 and older).Among survey participants
4、 of all ages, (12) , reports of forgiveness of themselves and others were (13) with decreased psychological distress, including feelings of restlessness, hopelessness and nervousness. (14) , young adults who reported high levels of serf-forgiveness were more likely to be satisfied with their lives,
5、(15) middle-aged and older adults who reported high levels of forgiveness of others were more likely to report (16) life satisfaction.In other findings, attendance (17) religions services was associated with (18) psychological distress, (19) among young and middle-aged adults, and increased life sat
6、isfaction among young and old adults. Service attendance was also associated with higher (20) health among all age groups.（分数：50.00）(1).A. thought B. saidC. known D. found（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. spiritual B. intellectualC. emotional D. mental（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. profitable B. beneficialC. helpful
7、 D. useful（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. change B. alterC. vary D. differ（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. themselves B. herselfC. itself D. oneself（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. phenomenon B. thingC. fact D. event（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. names B. termsC. forms D. ways（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. relationship B. relationC. conne
8、ction D. involvement（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. reactions B. responsesC. answers D. replies（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. In general B. In fullC. In common D. In all（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. liable B. aptC. prone D. likely（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. still B. althoughC. however D. but（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. assoc
9、iated B. combinedC. connected D. linked（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. Likewise B. FurtherC. Nevertheless D. Actually（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. if B. althoughC. whereas D. besides（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. more B. enlargedC. improved D. increased（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. on B. ofC. at D. in（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18)
10、.A. weakened B. reducedC. diminished D. decreased（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. particularly B. speciallyC. certainly D. specifically（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. serf-confident B. self-ratedC. self-esteemed D. self-content（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.The list of candidates for greatest men of the 20th century is as short
11、 as it is extraordinary.Franklin Roosevelt is the obvious American (1) . He guided the United States safely through the centurys gravest damages, the Great (2) and World War . His long lasting New Deal imprint still (3) America today.Let us not forget giants of science like Albert Einstein or Thomas
12、 Edison. But the list would not be complete (4) the name of Nelson Mandela, the (5) South African President who died on Thursday at 95. Its hard to name anyone, anywhere, in any time whose life is quite a (6) for his.Mandela led his people to freedom, ending the apartheid (种族隔离) rule of South Africa
13、s (7) white-minority regime. But neither of those men, (8) the others mentioned here, was put to such an extraordinary personal test.All you need to know to grasp the (9) of Mandela is this: He spent 27 years in prison. He was given no hope and allowed little (10) with the outside world. Yet instead
14、 of yielding to his plightor (11) his cause by speaking a few words that (12) him freehe persisted, fighting against all odds and emerging (13) , a leader of such stature that his (14) could not stand against him.And then, at his moment of (15) , with the presidency of South Africa in his hands, he
15、(16) not revenge for all that had been done to him (17) racial peace for his people, black and white, whichincrediblyhe achieved.Such is the power of historys few (18) great leaders and the examples they set. If Mandela could suffer (19) he did without seeking revenge, then how could others do any l
16、ess? And how could the nations fearful and suspicious white minority (20) the olive branch?（分数：50.00）(1).A. applicant B. candidateC. participant D. competitor（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Despair B. DisappointmentC. Desperation D. Depression（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. forges B. formsC. shapes D. moulds（分数：2.5
17、0）A.B.C.D.(4).A. for B. atC. without D. by（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. remarkable B. aggressiveC. adaptable D. considerate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. competition B. contestC. game D. match（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. crude B. rudeC. brutal D. crucial（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. or B. norC. and D. so（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9
18、).A. uniqueness B. strangenessC. characteristics D. novelty（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. touch B. meetC. contact D. encounter（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. revealing B. discoveringC. betraying D. exposing（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. could have setB. should have setC. ought to have setD. need to have set（分数：2.50）A.
19、B.C.D.(13).A. vigorous B. victoriousC. virtual D. visual（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. oppressors B. operatorsC. organizers D. owners（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. trumpet B. treatyC. trunk D. triumph（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. fought B. boughtC. sought D. caught（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. or B. andC. except D. but（分
20、数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. truly B. loyallyC. practically D. honestly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. as B. whichC. that D. when（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. turn against B. turn awayC. turn over D. turn up（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-19答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)To err is human and to forgive divine, according
21、to the old adage. Humans who forgive are (1) to experience significant physical and (2) health benefits from doing so. Now researchers report that these (3) health effects appear to (4) by age, along with the willingness to forgive others and the willingness to forgive (5) Taken together, our findin
22、gs emphasize that forgiveness is a multidimensional (6) , write study lead author Dr. Loren L. Toussaint of the University of Michigan and his colleagues. There are age differences in some (7) of forgiveness and in their (8) to health. Their conclusions are based on survey (9) from more than 1,100 a
23、dults during a 5-month study period. (10) , young adults (18-44 years) reported that they were less (11) to forgive others than middle-aged (15-64) and older adults (65 and older).Among survey participants of all ages, (12) , reports of forgiveness of themselves and others were (13) with decreased p
24、sychological distress, including feelings of restlessness, hopelessness and nervousness. (14) , young adults who reported high levels of serf-forgiveness were more likely to be satisfied with their lives, (15) middle-aged and older adults who reported high levels of forgiveness of others were more l
25、ikely to report (16) life satisfaction.In other findings, attendance (17) religions services was associated with (18) psychological distress, (19) among young and middle-aged adults, and increased life satisfaction among young and old adults. Service attendance was also associated with higher (20) h
26、ealth among all age groups.（分数：50.00）(1).A. thought B. saidC. known D. found（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。be known意为“被认为”，故选C。be said意为“听说，据说”；A：thought和D：found强调主观性，意思均不合适，故均排除。(2).A. spiritual B. intellectualC. emotional D. mental（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。前文出现了physical，并用and连接前后两个词，因此此处应填入与phys
27、ical相对应的词。这里表示“精神上的和身体上的”，故选D：mental。(3).A. profitable B. beneficialC. helpful D. useful（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。B：beneficial意为“有益的，有利的”，故选B。A：profitable意为“有利可图的”；C：helpful表示“有帮助的”；D：useful意为“有用的”，均可排除。(4).A. change B. alterC. vary D. differ（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。C：vary一般用于表示“程度或范围上的变化”，后
28、面通常会接“在方面有变化”，或是“在范围内变化”，故选C。A：change只是普通意义上的“改变”；B：alter有“更改”之意；D：differ表示“意见不合；使不同”，均可以排除。(5).A. themselves B. herselfC. itself D. oneself（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 代词辨析题。这里是泛指自己，因此应使用D：oneself。另外，这里强调人与人之间的不同。因此并不是要表达一群人的概念，故不应使用A：themselves。(6).A. phenomenon B. thingC. fact D. event（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.
29、解析：解析 名词辨析题。phenomenon意为“现象”，故选A。B：thing“事情，事物”、C：fact“事实”和D：event“事件”均可排除。(7).A. names B. termsC. forms D. ways（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。根据上下文分析，后文讲述了各年龄段的人其宽容形式的不同表现。inform of意为“形式上”，故选C。in the name of表示“以的名义”，但是词组中的the是不能省略的，故排除A；in terms of意为“根据，按照”，故排除B。(8).A. relationship B. relationC. conn
30、ection D. involvement（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。A：relationship“关系”符合文意，为正确答案。B：relation一般指“事物之间逻辑或自然的联系”，强调的是“联系”本身；C：connection意为“连接”；D：involvement意为“牵连；投入”，均可以排除。(9).A. reactions B. responsesC. answers D. replies（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。这里指的是受访者的反馈，B：responses意为“反应，反馈”，故选B。A：reaction表示“对于外界刺
31、激的回应”；C：answers意为“回答”；D：replies指“回复，回信”，均可以排除。(10).A. In general B. In fullC. In common D. In all（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。选项中只有A：In general意为“通常，大体上”，故选A。B：In full意为“充足”；C：In common意为“共有”；D：In all意为“总共”，均可以排除。(11).A. liable B. aptC. prone D. likely（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。D：likely强调必然性，多指将要
32、发生的事情，含有预测的意味，此处就是这种情况，故选D。A：liable表示“易于的，有倾向的”，含有“会碰上风险”之意，多用于发出警告，不符合文中语境，故排除；B：apt强调“内在的、惯常的倾向”；C：prone通常表示“容易招致或遭受令人不快的事情的倾向、习性或癖性”，往往带有不可避免的意思，均不符合文意，故排除。(12).A. still B. althoughC. however D. but（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇衔接题。前文讲到不同年龄段的人在宽容度上所体现出的不同，本段讲到了不同年龄段的人的一些共性。因此应使用however表示转折，说明前后叙述的两种不同
33、的情况，故选C。而D：but虽然也表示转折，但它不能用逗号隔开，A：still表示“仍然，还是”，与文意不符合；B：although后面不能用逗号，故这三项均可排除。(13).A. associated B. combinedC. connected D. linked（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。四个选项都有“联系”的意思。A：associated意为“与有联系”，符合句意，故选A。B：combined强调“联合，合并”，意为“把从前分开的事物合在一起”；C：connected意为“联合”，有连接之意；D：linked的意思是“连接起来”，均可以排除。(14).A
34、. Likewise B. FurtherC. Nevertheless D. Actually（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇衔接题。根据上下文的内容可判断，这句话是对前一句的补充说明，表示递进的关系，因此应选B。(15).A. if B. althoughC. whereas D. besides（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇衔接题。本句前半句叙述了年轻人的情况，后半句叙述了中老年人的情况，应该用表示对比转折的连词进行连接，因此应使用C：whereas“然而”。(16).A. more B. enlargedC. improved D. increas
35、ed（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。这里强调的是随着宽容程度的增加，满意度也在增加，表现的是一个增加的趋势和过程，因此应使用。increased，故选D。(17).A. on B. ofC. at D. in（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 介词辨析题。文中的意思为：参加宗教活动。表示处在某个活动、某种状态中，应使用at，故选C。(18).A. weakened B. reducedC. diminished D. decreased（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。decreased意为“减少的，降低的”，因此应选D：decr
36、eased。B：reduced强调“在大小、程度或强度方面下降或减少的”；A：weakened意为“减弱的”；C：diminished含有“拿走或除去的”的意思，均可以排除。(19).A. particularly B. speciallyC. certainly D. specifically（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 副词辨析题。particularly意为“尤其地，特别地”。句中要强调的就是在年轻人和中年人中是前文所叙述到的情况，故选A。B：specially表示“特别地，与众不同地”；C：certainly意为“肯定地，当然地”；D：specifically意为“详尽
37、地，明确地”，均可以排除。(20).A. serf-confident B. self-ratedC. self-esteemed D. self-content（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。self-rated，意为“自我评价的，自己认为的”，符合文意，故选B。其他三个选项都与文意不符，故排除。The list of candidates for greatest men of the 20th century is as short as it is extraordinary.Franklin Roosevelt is the obvious America
38、n (1) . He guided the United States safely through the centurys gravest damages, the Great (2) and World War . His long lasting New Deal imprint still (3) America today.Let us not forget giants of science like Albert Einstein or Thomas Edison. But the list would not be complete (4) the name of Nelso
39、n Mandela, the (5) South African President who died on Thursday at 95. Its hard to name anyone, anywhere, in any time whose life is quite a (6) for his.Mandela led his people to freedom, ending the apartheid (种族隔离) rule of South Africas (7) white-minority regime. But neither of those men, (8) the ot
40、hers mentioned here, was put to such an extraordinary personal test.All you need to know to grasp the (9) of Mandela is this: He spent 27 years in prison. He was given no hope and allowed little (10) with the outside world. Yet instead of yielding to his plightor (11) his cause by speaking a few wor
41、ds that (12) him freehe persisted, fighting against all odds and emerging (13) , a leader of such stature that his (14) could not stand against him.And then, at his moment of (15) , with the presidency of South Africa in his hands, he (16) not revenge for all that had been done to him (17) racial pe
42、ace for his people, black and white, whichincrediblyhe achieved.Such is the power of historys few (18) great leaders and the examples they set. If Mandela could suffer (19) he did without seeking revenge, then how could others do any less? And how could the nations fearful and suspicious white minor
43、ity (20) the olive branch?（分数：50.00）(1).A. applicant B. candidateC. participant D. competitor（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。文章开头提到20世纪伟人的候选人名单既不长又很特别，该句提到了富兰克林罗斯福，由此可知，此处应该指富兰克林罗斯福是美国的候选人，因此应该选B：candidate，意为“候选人”。A：applicant意为“申请人”；C：participant意为“参与者”；D：competitor意为“竞争者”，均不符合文意，故排除。(2).A. Despair B.
44、DisappointmentC. Desperation D. Depression（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。四个选项均有“失望”的意思，但此处与Great一起连用，应该是指美国的“经济大萧条”，因此应该选D：Depression，意为“萧条，不景气”。其余选项均不符合常用习惯，故排除。(3).A. forges B. formsC. shapes D. moulds（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。该句是指罗斯福的新政如今仍在影响着美国的发展，所以此处填入的动词应该是C：shapes，意为“塑造；使符合”。A：forges的意思是“锻造
45、(金属)”；B：forms的意思是“形成”；D：moulds意为“浇铸”，均与原文文意不符，故排除。(4).A. for B. atC. without D. by（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 介词辨析题。该首首句继续列举20世纪伟大人物的候选人名单，提到让我们不要忘记像阿尔伯特爱因斯坦或托马斯爱迪生这样的科学巨人。空格句则说纳尔逊曼德拉也应该榜上有名，而the list would not be complete表明该句为虚拟语气，所以此处应该填入介词C：without，表示“如果没有”的意思，引导的短语相当于虚拟语气的条件句。其他选项均不符合句意，故排除。(5).A. remarkable B. aggressiveC. adaptable D. considerate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。该处的形容词用来修饰南非总统曼德拉，并且表示曼德拉优秀到足以位列于20世纪伟人之中，四个选项中最合适的形容词应该是A：remarkable，意为“非凡的，卓越的”。B：aggressive意为“侵略的；好斗的”；C
