1、专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-21及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)We enjoy fine food from the first taste to the last. Similarly, good writing is something we (1) with pleasure. And good writers, good cooks, do not (2) appear full- blown. Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an (3) training, mastering th
2、e skills of his (4) , the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to (5) a style in his writing, whatever its purposeschoolwork, matters of business, or (6) social communication. With patience and practice can you turn your creative desire into (7) writing. You may be sure that the more pa
3、instaking the effort, the more (8) the writing, and the more rewarding.There are still some (9) places in the world where you might find a public scribe to do your business or social writing for you, for a(n) (10) . There are a few managers who are lucky enough to have the service of that kind of se
4、cretary who can (11) all sorts of letter writing with (12) a quick note to work from. But for most of us, (13) there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called (14) to put words to paper. It would be
5、difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports (15) the mails or delivered (16) , but the daily figure must be (17) . What is more, every one who writes expects, or (18) hopes. We want whatever we write to be read, from the first word to last, not just (19) some letters-
6、to-be-read file or a wastepaper basket. This is the (20) we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skill of interesting, effective writing.（分数：50.00）(1).A. deal B. yearnC. approach D. hope（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. quickly B. suddenlyC. occasionally D. expectedly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. int
7、ense B. intensiveC. extensive D. exterior（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. trade B. occupationC. career D. work（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. improving B. refiningC. achieving D. realizing（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. barely B. purelyC. only D. wholly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. concrete B. specificC. exact D. literal（分数：2.50）
8、A.B.C.D.(8).A. effective B. efficientC. affectionate D. moved（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. replaced B. removedC. reserved D. remote（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. cost B. priceC. fee D. expense（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. look after B. watch outC. manage with D. take care of（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. more than B. no m
9、ore thanC. less than D. no less than（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. although B. ifC. when D. since（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. on B. forC. up D. out（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. put into B. put down toC. put behind D. put onto（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. by air B. by seaC. by hand D. by land（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. inn
10、umerable B. endlessC. unlimited D. enormous（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. in the least B. at leastC. not least D. least of all（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. throw into B. throw awayC. throw up D. throw about（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. result B. reasonC. purpose D. cause（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.Visitors to Britain may find
11、 the best place to sample local culture is in a traditional pub. But these friendly hostelries can be (1) of potential discourtesies and offenses for the (2) .An anthropologist and a team of researchers have unveiled some of the mysterious (3) of British pubsstarting with the difficulty of getting a
12、 drink. Most pubs have (4) waitersyou have to go to the bar to buy drinks. A group of Italian youths waiting 45 minutes (5) they realized they would have to (6) their own drinks. This may sound inconvenient, but there is a (7) purpose.Pub culture is designed to (8) sociability in a society (9) . its
13、 reserve. Standing at the bar for service (10) you to chat with others waiting to (11) . The bar counter is possibly the only (12) in the British Isles in which friendly conversation with strangers is considered (13) appropriate and really quite normal behaviour. If you havent been to a pub, you hav
14、ent been to Britain. This tip can be found in a (14) , Passport to the Pub: The Tourists Guide to Pub Etiquette, a customers code of conduct for those wanting to (15) a central part of British life and culture. The trouble is that (16) you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall (17)
15、. For example, if you are in a big group, it is best if only one or two people go to buy the drinks. (18) irritates the regular customers and bar staff more than a (19) of strangers blocking all access (20) the bar while they chat and fuss about what to order.（分数：50.00）(1).A. minefields B. battlefie
16、ldsC. paradises D. occasions（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. visitors B. nativesC. experienced D. inexperienced（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. routines B. ritualsC. ceremonies D. rites（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. many B. someC. no D. several（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. before B. whileC. when D. after（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. ta
17、ke B. bringC. fetch D. carry（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. related B. hiddenC. disguised D. reserved（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. motivate B. stimulateC. prosper D. promote（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. known for B. named afterC. noted for D. approved of（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. leads B. forbidsC. allows D. intends（分数：2
18、.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. serve B. be servedC. serving D. being served（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. site B. sceneC. setting D. district（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. presumably B. entirelyC. relatively D. randomly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. periodical B. journalC. bookmark D. booklet（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. illustrate
19、B. sampleC. imitate D. cultivate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. because B. even ifC. since D. if（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. flat B. apartC. back D. behind（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. Anything B. EverythingC. Nothing D. Something（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. flock B. gangC. crowd D. pile（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. into B.
20、 withC. to D. of（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-21答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)We enjoy fine food from the first taste to the last. Similarly, good writing is something we (1) with pleasure. And good writers, good cooks, do not (2) appear full- blown. Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to under
21、go an (3) training, mastering the skills of his (4) , the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to (5) a style in his writing, whatever its purposeschoolwork, matters of business, or (6) social communication. With patience and practice can you turn your creative desire into (7) writing.
22、You may be sure that the more painstaking the effort, the more (8) the writing, and the more rewarding.There are still some (9) places in the world where you might find a public scribe to do your business or social writing for you, for a(n) (10) . There are a few managers who are lucky enough to hav
23、e the service of that kind of secretary who can (11) all sorts of letter writing with (12) a quick note to work from. But for most of us, (13) there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called (14) to
24、put words to paper. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports (15) the mails or delivered (16) , but the daily figure must be (17) . What is more, every one who writes expects, or (18) hopes. We want whatever we write to be read, from the first word to l
25、ast, not just (19) some letters-to-be-read file or a wastepaper basket. This is the (20) we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skill of interesting, effective writing.（分数：50.00）(1).A. deal B. yearnC. approach D. hope（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。C：approach表示“接近，靠近”的意思，此处结合下文，意译为“带来愉悦
26、感”，符合文意，因此为正确答案。A：deal作为“处理，料理”的意思，一般多用作不及物动词，与with搭配，故排除；B：yearn的意思是“渴望，思念”，为不及物动词，在这个定语从句中，先行词something紧随空格，yearn后不能直接跟宾语，因此可以排除；D：hope的意思是“希望”，如果表达“希望获得”，一般与介词for连用，所以也可排除。(2).A. quickly B. suddenlyC. occasionally D. expectedly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 副词辨析题。B：suddenly指“突然地”，强调事情意外地发生。而此处的实际情况是：想要成为
27、好的作家，必须勤学苦练，所以B：suddenly符合文意，故为正确答案。A：quickly指“速地，迅速地”，仅仅强调速度之快和动作的敏捷，意思不够贴切，因此排除；C：occasionally指“偶尔地”，表示频率，而原文意思与频率无关，故排除；D：expectedly指“预期地”，不符合文意，因此排除。(3).A. intense B. intensiveC. extensive D. exterior（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。intensive的意思是“加强的，强化的”，故选B。A：intense意为“(指感觉或感情方面)强烈的，剧烈的”，也可以指人“热情
28、的”；C：extensive的意思是“广泛的，广大的”；D：exterior的意思是“外部的；外来的；外表的”，这三个选项都与句意不符，故排除。(4).A. trade B. occupationC. career D. work（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。trade指技巧、技能型的“职业”，而厨师则属于技巧型行业的一种，因此A：trade为正确答案。B：occupation是正式表达“职业”的词语，往往出现在正式的书面语中，因此排除；C：career。指的是愿意从事一生的“事业”，用于此处不合适，故排除；D：work指各种种类的“工作”，相比trade而言，wo
29、rk的概念过于笼统，故排除。(5).A. improving B. refiningC. achieving D. realizing（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。C：achieving指付出努力而成功“达到，获得”，符合原文中的“形成自己的写作风格”的意思，因此为正确答案。A：improving的意思是“提高，改善”，如果使用这个词，那么隐含的意思就是作家已经形成了自己的风格，而此风格有待改善，那么style之前则应该使用his/her或定冠词the，而不是不定冠词a，因此排除；B：refining指“精炼，改进”，如果使用这个词，也暗示作家已有自己的风格，因此s
30、tyle之前应该使用定冠词，因此也可排除；D：realizing指“实现，意识到”，与文意不符，故排除。(6).A. barely B. purelyC. only D. wholly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 副词辨析题。B：purely意为“单纯地，纯粹地”，符合文意，为正确答案。A：barely意为“几乎不”，表示否定，不符合文意，故排除；C：only意为“只，仅仅”，一般强调唯一性。文章主要突出的是“纯粹的社会交流”，因此only的意思没有purely准确，故排除；D：wholly意为“完全地，全部地”，与文意不符，故排除。(7).A. concrete B. spe
31、cificC. exact D. literal（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。concrete的意思是“具体的，实质的”，与它相对应的是abstract“抽象的”。文中提到的“创作的冲动”属于抽象的想法，通过耐心的训练才能将其转化为实质性的创作，因此A是正确答案。B：specific意为“详细的，明确的；特殊的”，与之相对应的是general“普遍的，一般的”，用在此处不合适，故排除；C：exact意为“精准的”，强调准确性，不符合文意，故排除；D：literal意为“字面意思的”，与文意不符，故排除。(8).A. effective B. efficientC.
32、 affectionate D. moved（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。A：effective意为“有效的；实际的”，也可以表示“产生深刻印象的”，符合句意，故为答案。B：efficient：的意思是“(指人)有能力的；(尤指工具、机器、系统等)有效力的”；C：affectionate的意思是“充满感情的”，多用于形容人；D：moved表示“受到感动的”，均不符合文意，故排除。(9).A. replaced B. removedC. reserved D. remote（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。remote表示“遥远的，偏远的”
33、，符合文意，因此正确答案为D。A：replaced意为“被替换的”；B：removed意思是“远离的”；C：reserved形容人或者性格“矜持的，寡言的，内向的”，以上三个选项均不符合文意，故排除。(10).A. cost B. priceC. fee D. expense（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。fee指的是“(付给私人教师、医生等的)服务费，酬金”，符合文意，因此选C。A：cost是“花费，代价，成本”的意思，一般指生产某东西的成本，也可以泛指商品的价格或付出的代价；B：price意为“价格；代价”，指商品在市场上出售的价格；D：expense意为“费用，
34、花费”，指实际支付费用的数额，有时也可以指钱的花费，均可排除。(11).A. look after B. watch outC. manage with D. take care of（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词短语辨析题。空格中填入的动词词组表达的意思应该是“管理，处理(各种各样的信件写作)”。D：take care of可以表示“照看，照料”，也可以表示“负责，处理”，符合文意，故为正确答案。A：look after意为“照看，照料(某人或某物)”；B：watch out意为“小心，警惕”；C：manage with意为“设法应对”，均可以排除。(12).A. mor
35、e than B. no more thanC. less than D. no less than（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。B：no more than的意思是“不过，仅仅”，符合文意，故选B。(13).A. although B. ifC. when D. since（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇衔接题。根据逻辑关系判断，这里应该表示假设，故正确答案是B：if。句子前后部分之间并不是让步或因果关系，因此可以排除A：although“尽管”和D：since“既然”；如果用when来引导时间状语从句，那么句子中writing的限定词不应用an
36、y，而应用some更为合适，故排除C。(14).A. on B. forC. up D. out（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。call on sb. to do sth. 的意思是“郑重邀请或恳求某人做某事”，符合文意，故选A。call for sth. 的意思是“要求，需要(某事物)”；call sb. /sth. up的意思是“给某人打电话；回忆”；call sb. out是指“召唤某人(尤指处理紧急事件)”，均可排除。(15).A. put into B. put down toC. put behind D. put onto（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D
37、.解析：解析 动词辨析题。A：put into表示“被放置入邮件中(传递)”，符合文意，为正确答案。B：put down to的意思是“把记在某账户上”，不符合文意，故排除；C：put behind指“放在后面；拒绝考虑”，与文意不符，故排除；D：put onto有“向某人提供消息；将某事告诉某人”的意思，与文意不符，故排除。(16).A. by air B. by seaC. by hand D. by land（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。在空格之前出现的是put into the mails(通过邮件传递)，那么与之相对应的就应该是“经人手传递”，所以正确答案
38、应该是C：by hand。A：by air“经空运”、B：by sea“经海运”和D：by land“由陆路”均不符合文章，故排除。(17).A. innumerable B. endlessC. unlimited D. enormous（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。空格里需要填入的形容词修饰：figure(数字)，强调的是数字之大。enormous意为“巨大的，庞大的”，符合句意，故选D。A：innumerable“不计其数的”、C：unlimited“无限的；数或量极大的”都是用来形容数量，而不是数字，因此排除；B：endless意为“无止境的”，不符合文意
39、，可以排除。(18).A. in the least B. at leastC. not least D. least of all（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 副词短语辨析题。B：at least的意思是“至少”，符合文意，是正确答案。A：in the least表示“一点，丝毫”，常用于否定句中，可以排除；C：not least的意思是“尤其是，特别是”，用于突出语气，与文意不符，可以排除；D：least of all表示“最不，尤其不”，不符合文意，故排除。(19).A. throw into B. throw awayC. throw up D. throw about
40、（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词短语辨析题。A：throw into使用的结构是throw sth. into sth. ，意思是“把扔进”，符合句意，为正确答案。B：throw away sth. 表示“把扔掉；丢弃”，不符合文意；C：throw up是指“呕吐，恶心”，意思与原文不符，故排除；D：throw out指“扔出；赶出”，如果后面要接宾语，应该使用介词of，故排除。(20).A. result B. reasonC. purpose D. cause（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。空格中填入的单词应该是表示“原因”，B：reason和D
41、：cause都有“原因”的意思，但是在这句话中，空格中的单词是关系从句的先行词，而只有在先行词为reason的时候，关系副词why才能被省略，因此答案为B。Visitors to Britain may find the best place to sample local culture is in a traditional pub. But these friendly hostelries can be (1) of potential discourtesies and offenses for the (2) .An anthropologist and a team of res
42、earchers have unveiled some of the mysterious (3) of British pubsstarting with the difficulty of getting a drink. Most pubs have (4) waitersyou have to go to the bar to buy drinks. A group of Italian youths waiting 45 minutes (5) they realized they would have to (6) their own drinks. This may sound
43、inconvenient, but there is a (7) purpose.Pub culture is designed to (8) sociability in a society (9) . its reserve. Standing at the bar for service (10) you to chat with others waiting to (11) . The bar counter is possibly the only (12) in the British Isles in which friendly conversation with strang
44、ers is considered (13) appropriate and really quite normal behaviour. If you havent been to a pub, you havent been to Britain. This tip can be found in a (14) , Passport to the Pub: The Tourists Guide to Pub Etiquette, a customers code of conduct for those wanting to (15) a central part of British l
45、ife and culture. The trouble is that (16) you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall (17) . For example, if you are in a big group, it is best if only one or two people go to buy the drinks. (18) irritates the regular customers and bar staff more than a (19) of strangers blocking all
46、 access (20) the bar while they chat and fuss about what to order.（分数：50.00）(1).A. minefields B. battlefieldsC. paradises D. occasions（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。从此句中的potential discourtesies and offenses可判断，对于酒吧不了解的人，一不小心就会失礼、惹事，所以好客的酒吧可能会成为潜在的“危险地带”。A：minefields意为“地雷区，危险地带”，符合句意，故为正确答案。B：battlefields“战场”、C：par
