1、2015届江苏省南京市高三 9月学情调研英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 Socrates-an ancient Greek philosopher Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher, who helped to shape Greek beliefs. The ideas he created are present in our culture today. Socrates was a person full of curiosity. From the time he was a young man, Socrates searched
2、for wisdom and truth. He gained wisdom by asking questions. Many people in Athens thought that they had answers. Socrates asked them questions and argued with them about different topics. He did not think they had the knowledge they claimed to have. Socrates challenged false ideas people had about t
3、hings like justice, love, or courage. He would break down the ideas people held. Then he built new and more accurate ideas. Socrates felt that this was what philosophy was all about. Since then, many great philosophers have used this method to find truth Throughout his life, Socrates showed no inter
4、est in money. He was also not interested in material items. Socrates would allow groups of men to listen to him speak. And he would never take money from them. He always wore the same clothes whatever the season. Socrates argued that his life was better because he had no material wealth He felt he e
5、njoyed his food more. He said he was stronger and healthier because he was not affected by the weather. He believed happiness came not from having more but from wanting less. By the end of the fifth century B.C, Athens was not a great city anymore. Politicians betrayed Athens. Socrates had made many
6、 people angry over the years. He had always expressed his opinions when he thought laws and policies were wrong. Athens had a new group of political leaders in power, who didnt want to hear Socratescomments about them. They thought Socrates had a bad influence on the young people of Athens. Socrates
7、 was also accused of not worshipping the right gods. Charges were brought against Socrates. The politicians wanted to condemn Socrates to death. Socratesfriends told him to leave Athens. They thought this was the only way for him to save his life. Socrates refused. He did not behave as most people i
8、n his situation would Socrates said that he had always lived by the rules of Athens and he would continue to do this. He insisted on standing trial for his crime. Socrates knew he was not guilty of anything. The reason why he was charged was because he was different from others. Although people resp
9、ected him, he also had made many people angry, so the jury（陪审团） said Socrates was guilty. When faced with the death penalty, a person could leave Athens forever. Most people chose to leave rather than die. Socrates was not like most people. Instead of telling the jury that he would go, he told them
10、he deserved a reward. Socrates believed he had done a great service by making people think. Socrates said that he tried to persuade every one of you not to think of what he had but rather of what he was, and how he might grow wise and good. The jury did not change its mind. Socrates was executed. He
11、 died when he drank hemlock, which is poisonous. Socrates was the first great Greek philosopher. He also helped to shape other philosophers that came after him. Plato, who got his start by studying with Socrates, and Aristotle, who studied with Plato, also changed Western civilization. Asking questi
12、ons to discover the truth is still practiced today. And schools even today still teach this method to students. Socrates-an ancient Greek philosopher Brief introduction Socrates, an ancient Greek philosopher whose idea still 【小题1】 _in our culture today. Unique personalities a 【小题 2】 _ person who gai
13、ned wisdom by asking questions a simple person who 【小题 3】 _spiritual wealth to material wealth a courageous person who presented a【小题 4】 _ to false ideas a thoughtful person whose new and more accurate ideas 【小题5】 _other philosophers to seek truth Unfair accusations He always 【小题 6】 _on laws and pol
14、icies. He didnt show 【小题 7】 _ for the right gods. Glorious death 【小题 8】 _ from others, he chose to die rather than leave. Faced with death, he was committed to 【小题 9】 _ people into thinking deeply. Great 【小题 10】 _ Socrates was a pioneer of Greek philosophy. Asking questions to discover the truth is
15、still practised today. 答案：【小题 1】 exist 【小题 2】 curious 【小题 3】 preferred 【小题 4】 challenge 【小题 5】 helped 【小题 6】 commented 【小题 7】 respect 【小题 8】 Different/Distinguished 【小题 9】 persuading/talking 【小题 10】 influence(s)/impact(s) 试题分析：该篇文章向人们讲述了希腊哲学的先驱苏格拉底。 【小题 1】 exist考查动词 “存在 ”= be present 【小题 2】 curious考
16、查形容词 “好奇的 ”，根据文章第二段第一句 “Socrates was a person full of curiosity.” 【小题 3】 preferred考查动词 “更喜欢 而不愿 ” ： preferto 【小题 4】 challenge考查名词 “挑战 ”，根据文章第三段第一句 “Socrates challenged false ideas people had about things like justice, love, or courage.” 【小题 5】 helped考查动词 “帮助 ”，根据文章最后一段第二句 “He also helped to shape ot
17、her philosophers that came after him.” 【小题 6】 commented考查动词 “对 进行评论 ”： comment on,根据文章倒数第三段中 “He had always expressed his opinions when he thought laws and policies were wrong. Athens had a new group of political leaders in power, who didnt want to hear Socratescomments about them. ” 【小题 7】 respect考
18、查名词 “尊重 ”，根据文章倒数第三段中 “Socrates was also accused of not worshipping the right gods.”（ worship“崇拜、尊敬 ”） 【小题 8】 Different/Distinguished考查形容词短语作状语，根据文章倒数第三段中 “He did not behave as most people in his situation would ” 【小题 9】 persuading/talking考查动词 词组 “说服某人做某事 ”： persuade/talk sb into doing sth，根据文章倒数第二段中
19、 “Socrates believed he had done a great service by making people think. ” 【小题 10】 influence(s)/impact(s)考查名词 “影响 ”。根据所列图表该项所对应的两个内容： 1.苏格拉底是希腊哲学的先驱。 2.他的通过问问题来探求真理的方法沿用至今。这显然是归纳其伟大的 “影响 ”。 考点：语言的输入（阅读）及输出（填空） 单项选择 * -Why was the movie a turn-off I thought you liked thrillers. - Well, I do enjoy it.
20、However, I dislike_ when the actors expressions are so fake and unnatural. A that B those C them D it 答案： D . -My goodness, the lawn looks dead! - _. Theres no rain and water is so precious. A It cant be helped B It beats me C Its on me D Its out of the question 答案： A -Whats your comment on the matc
21、h - we _, but today was not our day. A need have scored B could have scored C should score D would score 答案： B Do you sometimes ignore loved ones because your life is too fast and busy leaving them _ whether you really love them A wonder B to be wondering C wondering D wondered 答案： C A 5.5-inch _, c
22、ompared with the 4-inch screen of the current Iphone 5s, is being prepared for mass production and may be available around this September. A style B version C display D pattern 答案： B Beijing was under an “orange” smog alert on Feb. 24, which marks the first time the second-highest warning level of a
23、 new system introduced last year_. A has been raised B raised C has risen D rose 答案： A - I remember you saidthat you like China because it has cheap beers. - Yes, _ cheap. Chrisberg is less than $1. A unbelievably B probably C relevantly D properly 答案： A Research found that children who drank mainly
24、 soda were more than twice as likely as those who drank no soda _ signs of aggression. A showing B shown C to show D show 答案： C “The Mozart effect” is a study described in 1993 in Nature _ aroused public interest about the idea _ listening to a classical music somehow improves the brain. A that; whi
25、ch B what; why C who; that D which; that 答案： D China has said it will _ support for foreign investment in the countrys car industry to encourage domestic car-makers. A withdraw B distribute C command D appeal 答案： A Body mass index, or BMI, is a measure of a persons weight_ height. A person with a BM
26、I of twenty-five to twenty-nine is considered overweight. A in view of B in relation to C in terms of D in response to 答案： B -I wonder what makes you a good salesperson -I _ as a waiter for three years , which contributes a lot to my todays work. A. serve B. have served C had served D. served 答案： D
27、A lot of the waste thrown away in the U.S. _ being shipped overseas to China, India, and other developing countries. A breaks up B clears up C sums up D ends up 答案： D “American will fulfill the commitments that we have made: cutting our emission in the _ of 17 percent by 2020”, said Obama. A form B
28、range C state D need 答案： B Next door to ours _, who seem to have settled in this community for quite a long time. A are living a black couple B are a black couple living C live a black couple D do a black couple live 答案： C 完型填空 Most teenagers in the United States spend their time trying to make time
29、 for school, family and friends. But some choose bigger goals and make a difference in the world. At age 15, Winter Vinecki has already had more _ than most people have in their lifetime. Doctors discovered Winters fathers had a rare and _ form of prostate cancer when she was nine years old. He died
30、 10 months later. “When he was first diagnosed I immediately knew I had to do something to help him. Thats _ I formed Team Winter for prostate cancer research and _.” Winter Vinecki has raised almost 500,000 dollars. She has _ prostate cancer education worldwide from Kenya to Mongolia_ foot races ca
31、lled marathons, on seven continents. In the United States she travels _ to talk about prostate cancer and _ others to act. Winter Vinecki spoke recently at a conference in Los Angeles. “Prostate cancer is much more common, _ the men dont want to talk about it. So thats why a nine-year-old girl had t
32、o go out there and start talking it for _.” Jack Andraka invented an inexpensive sensor that _ cancers of the pancreas, ovaries and lungs. Jack is now 17and seeking patents for his latest inventions. He has developed low-cost water quality _. They help identify and remove heavy metals and poisonous
33、chemical from_. “I hope to see them _ in the developing nations.” Sixteen-year-old Mary-Pat Hector saw a problem in her own community. She says too many young people were _in gun violence. It kind of made her feel like she had to do something about it. So she started a _ to educate young people abou
34、t gun violence. “I just want the world to be a better place,” she said. Mary-Pat hector, Jack Andraka, and Winter Vinecki say a _ of supportive parents, the Internet and social media has helped them succeed; but Winter and Jack also created their inner _. “ think the biggest thing for kids and adult
35、s is to never let age and gender be a _ and to not just dream but dream big,” said Vinecki. “ Never let anyone else tell you _.” Said Andraka. “Always keep going for your dream, so anything is possible.” 【小题1】 A opportunities B troubles C successes D risks A passive B sensitive C aggressive D negati
36、ve A when B because C where D How A development B threat C panic D awareness A taken B received C searched D tested A through B off C over D beyond A officially B continually C peacefully D temporarily A promise B pay C urge D prefer A for B before C unless D but A her B teenagers C them D fathers A
37、 cures B improves C prevents D identifies A experiments B devices C trials D data A body B water C land D food A carried B exposed C employed D handled A failing B fleeing C declining D dying A revolution B discussion C business D campaign A combination B convenience C competence D consideration A h
38、armony B satisfaction C selves D impressions A barrier B favor C benefit D difference A all B no C nothing D none 答案：【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 A 【小题 6】 A 【小题 7】 B 【小题 8】 C 【小题 9】 D 【小题 10】 C 【小题 11】 D 【小题 12】 B 【小题 13】 B 【小题 14】 C 【小题 15】 D 【小题 16】 D 【小题 17】 A 【小题 18】 C 【小题 19】 A 【小
39、题 20】 B 试题分析：本文介绍了三位出类拔萃、影响世界的美国青少年，告诉人们坚持梦想，一切皆有可能。 【小题 1】 C名词辨析。根据文章第一段（总起段落）的最后一句话可知，整篇文章讲的是出类拔萃的美国青少年，从文章第二段开始例举， Winter Vinecki 是第一个例子。所以该句句意： “15岁的 Winter Vinecki比许多人终其一生所取得的 成功 还要多。 ”，故正确答案：为 C. 【小题 2】 C形容词辨析。 A. passive “消极的，被动的 ”； B. sensitive“敏感的，易怒的 ”； C. aggressive“侵略的；有进取心的 ”； D. negati
40、ve“否定的，消极的 ”，根据该句的下一句 “ He died 10 months later.”，显然她父亲的病情很严重，故选 aggressive“侵略的 ”，来作定语进行修饰， “a rare and aggressive form of prostate cancer ”意为： “一种罕见的侵略性的前列腺癌 ”。 【小题 3】 A名词性从句连接词的选择。根 据该句句意： “也就是 在那时 针对前列腺癌症的研究和认识我成立了 Winter团队。 ”，即该表语从句缺表示时间状语的连接词，故选 A.when. 【小题 4】 D名词辨析。 A. development“发展 ”； B. thr
41、eat“恐吓，威胁 ”； C. panic“恐慌，惊慌 ”； D. awareness“认识，意识 ”，该处 for + n.表示 Winter团队的价值理念所在，除了对于前列腺癌的研究，还有就是针对与对癌症的 认识 了。 【小题 5】 A动词辨析。 A.take有 “讲授，带领 ”之意，其结构为 “take sth/ take sb (for sth)”,例如： The head teacher usually takes us for French.校长通常给我们上法语课。 B. received“收到 ”； C. searched“搜寻 ”； D. tested“测验 ”，该句句意： “
42、她在世界范围内 进行 前列腺癌的教育。 ”，故正确答案：为 A. 【小题 6】 A 介词辨析。 A. through“通过 ” ； B. off“离开，偏离 ”； C. over“在 之上 ”； D. beyond“超出 ” ，而该句句意： “她在世界范围内进行前 列腺癌的教育是 通过 马拉松长跑的这种方式。 ”故正确答案：为 A. 【小题 7】 B副词辨析。 A. officially“官方地，正式地 ”； B. continually“不断地 ”； C. peacefully “和平地，平静地 ”； D. temporarily“暂时地，临时地 ”，该句句意：“在美国，她 频繁地 旅行，宣
43、讲前列腺癌的知识，敦促（力劝）其他人行动起来。 ”，故正确答案：为 B. 【小题 8】 C动词辨析。 A. promise“承诺 ”； B. pay“花费 ”； C. urge“力劝，敦促 ”； D. prefer“更喜欢 ”，此处句意： “力劝 人们行动起来。 ”，故正确答案：为 C. 【小题 9】 D 连词辨析。 A. for“因为 ”； B. before“在 之前 ”； C. unless“除非 ”； D. but“但是 ”，该句句意： “前列腺癌虽然司空见惯， 但是 男人们都不愿谈及此事。 ”即两句间的逻辑关系是 “转折 ”，故正确答案：为 D. 【小题 10】 C代词 /名词辨析。
44、根据语境和句意： “所以，这就是一个 9岁女孩不得不走出去，开始给 男人们 谈论此病的原因。 ”，该处用 them指代上文出现的男人们，故正确答案：为 C. 【小题 11】 D动词辨析。 A. cures“治愈 ”； B. improves“改良，提高 ”； C. prevents“防止，预防 ”； D. identifies“识别 ”，因为该空所在的定语从句所限定的先行词是 sensor“传感器，感应器 ”，故定语从句的谓语动词应选 D. identifies识别。该句句意： “他发明了一种廉价的能 识别 胰腺癌、卵巢癌和肺癌的感应器。 ” 【小题 12】 B名词辨析。 A. experim
45、ents“实验，试验 ”； B. devices“装置 ”； C. trials“试验 ”； D. data“数据，资料 ”， 所选的名词要作动词 develop的宾语，且根据下一句话所介绍的该名词的作用 “help identify and remove”（帮助识别和清除 ）可知，正确答案：为 B. 【小题 13】 B名词辨析。根据上文中提到的该装置为 “water quality devices”水质装置，所以它的功能显然是把重金属物质和有害物质从 “水中 ”去除掉。故正确答案：为 B.water. 【小题 14】 C动词辨析。 A. carried“携带 ”； B. exposed“使
46、暴露于 /处于 /面临 ” ； C. employed“雇佣；使用 ”； D.handled“拿 /抓（某物）；处理 /管理（事情 /情况） ”，该处的动词要非谓语化作宾语补足语，且根据该句句意： “我希望看到它们（我的发明设备） 被应用 到发展中国家。 ”故正确答案：为C.employed “被使用 ”。 【小题 15】 D动词辨析。 A. failing“失败 ”； B. fleeing “逃跑 ”； C. declining“减少；衰退，衰落 ”； D. dying“死 ”，根据该句的状语部分 “in gun violence”（在枪击暴力中）， too many young peopl
47、e 为主语，所以 谓语应选 D. （ was） dying.该句句意： “她说，太多的年轻人在枪击暴力中丧生。 ” 【小题 16】 D名词辨析。 A. revolution“革命，变革 ”； B. discussion“讨论 ”； C. business“生意，业务；事情 ”； D. campaign“活动；战役 ”，该句句意： “她还发起了一场教育年轻人声讨枪击暴力的 运动 ”，故正确答案：为 D. 【小题 17】 A名词辨析。 A. combination“联合 ”； B. convenience“便利，方便 ”； C. competence “胜任，能力， 资格 ”； D. consideration“考虑；体谅 ”，该句句意：“是能给予帮助的父母、网络和社会媒体 共同 帮助他们取得了成功。 ”故该处主语应选 A. 【小题 18】 C名词辨析。 A. harmony“和谐 ”； B. satisfaction“满足 ”； C. selves“自我 ”； D. impressions“印象 ”,该句句意： “但是， Winter和 Jack也创造了内在的 自我 ”，故正确答案：为 C. 【小题 19】 A 名词辨析。 A. barrier“障碍；栅栏 ”； B. favor“赞同，支持；偏爱；善行 ”； C. benefit“利益，好处 ”； D.
