1、2012-2013学年江苏省海安县实验中学高二上学期期中考试英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 Thomas Alva Edison was an American inventor, scientist and businessman who invented many things that greatly influenced life around the world, such as the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Edison ha
2、s been recognized as the creator of the first industrial research laboratory. It is he who came up with the concept of providing electricity for home. His first power station was on Manhattan Island, New York. Edison was born in Milan, Ohio, and grew up in Port Huron, Michigan. He was the seventh an
3、d last child of his family. When he was young, Edison stayed at home and was taught by his mother. Edison recalled later, “My mother was the making of me. She was so true, so sure of me; and I felt I had someone to live for, someone I must not disappoint.” During his childhood, he suffered from scar
4、let fever which affected his hearing. Young Edison sold candy and newspapers on trains running from Port Huron to Detroit, and he sold vegetables to supplement his income. These jobs, though insignificant, inspired him greatly. He realized that he had a talent for business. These talents eventually
5、made him founder of 14 companies, including General Electric, which is still in existence and is the largest publicly traded company in the world. Edison started as a telegraph operator and this was the field in which he came up with the first invention. The invention which first gained him fame was
6、 the phonograph in 1877. The invention seemed magical, as nothing similar had ever been thought of before. Funded by the successful sale of the telegraph at a price of $10,000, Edison built his own research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey. The laboratory expanded rapidly over the decade. In 189
7、2, it was confirmed that Edison was the official inventor of the carbon microphones, which was used in all telephones. Although he attempted to make use of X-rays to take radiographs, he quit the project and admitted his fear of X-rays in public. Thomas Edison died of diabetes at his home in New Jer
8、sey, on October 18, 1931 and in honor of his contributions, Life magazine (USA), in a special double issue in 1997, placed Edison first in the list of the “100 Most Important People in the Last 1000 Years”, noting that the light bulb he promoted “lit up the world”. Title: Thomas Edisonan influential
9、 person in the American history Edisons _【小题1】 _ to society He invented many things that greatly influenced life around the world, _【小题 2】 _ the phonograph, the motion picture camera, a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb and the carbon microphone. He set up the first industrial _【小题 3】 _ la
10、boratory. He put _【小题 4】 _ the concept of providing electricity for home. He _【小题 5】 _ 14 companies, including General Electric, which is still in existence and is the largest publicly traded company in the world. The life experience of Edison He was born in Milan and was the youngest of seven child
11、ren in his family. _【小题 6】 _ of receiving schooling, Edison was taught by his mother at home. The scarlet fever he suffered _【小题 7】 _ to hearing loss. To earn a living, Edison sold newspapers, candy and vegetables, which _【小题 8】 _ him and helped him discover his talent for business. Later, he worked
12、 in the field of telecommunication as an telegraph operator, where he invented phonograph in 1877, which gained him great fame. After he created his research laboratory, he _【小题 9】 _ up the project of making use of X-rays to take radiographs due to his fear of radiation. He died of diabetes at his h
13、ome in New Jersey in 1931. The honor given to Edison He was placed first in the list of the “100 Most _【小题 10】 _ People in the Last 1000 Years”, noting that the light bulb he promoted “lit up the world”. 答案： 【小题 1】 contributions 【小题 2】 like 【小题 3】 research 【小题 4】 forward 【小题 5】 founded / started 【小题
14、 6】 Instead 【小题 7】 led / contributed 【小题 8】 inspired / encouraged 【小题 9】 gave 【小题 10】 Important 试题分析：【小题 1】 contributions 总结归纳题。本文主要讲述的就是爱迪生对世界的贡献，根据最后一段第二行 his contributions。 【小题 2】 like 同义词转换根据第一段第二行 such as the phonograph这里的 such as换成 like. 【小题 3】 research 原词再现。根据第一段第四行 first industrial research
15、laboratory. 【小题 4】 forward 同义词转换。根据第一段 4,5行 came up with the concept of providing electricity for home.把 come up with换成 put forward提出。 【小题 5】 founded / started 词性转换。根据第三段 3,4行 made him founder of 14 companies, including General Electric把这里的名词 founder转变成动词found/start建立。 【小题 6】 Instead 同义转换。根据第二段第二行 w
16、as taught by his mother.说明他没有上学，由妈妈在家里教他的。 Instead of receiving schooling代替学校教育 【小题 7】 led / contributed同义转换。根据第二段最后 which affected his hearing.影响了听力，也就是导致了听力方面的损伤。 【小题 8】 inspired / encouraged 原词再现。根据第三段第二行 inspired him greatly. 【小题 9】 gave 同义词转换。 quit=give up放弃。 【小题 10】 Important 原词再现。根据最后一段倒数第二行
17、100 Most Important People。 考点：考查任务型阅读 点评：考查文章的篇章结构和同义词转换，词性转换能力以及归纳总结能力。 单项选择 * Tom has _ good knowledge of English and this will improve his chance of finding _ proper job. A a; the B a; a C /; a D /; the 答案： B 试题分析：考查冠词；第一空是固定词组 have a knowledge of掌握 ；第二空中的 job是可数名词，用 a修饰，泛指一份合适的工作。句意： Tom的英语很好，这将
18、提高她找到一份合适的工作的可能性。根据句意说明正确。 考点：考查冠词 点评：冠词的考查主要是一些冠词的固定搭配，以及 the表示特指， a/an表示泛指的用法。还要注意一些不要使用冠词的情况。 In many countries, some scientists are already _ research in order to produce a cloned human baby. A putting up with B coming up with C putting forward D pushing ahead with 答案： D 试题分析：考查短语辨析。 A忍受； B提出，想出
19、； C提出； D推动；句意：在很多国家里，为了生产克隆婴儿，一些科学家已经在推进研究工作了。根据句意说明 D正确。 考点：考查短语辨析 点评：本题的几个短语都是平时常见的，需要加强识记，要在上下文语境中理解其意义。 Edward, you play so well, but I you played the piano. A dont know B hadnt know C didnt know D havent known 答案： C 试题分析：考查时态。句意： Edward，你弹的太好了。可我都不知道你会弹钢琴。说明我以前不知道你会弹钢琴，现在已经知道了。故使用过去时。 C 正确。 考点
20、;考查时态 点评：本题的关键在于语境，从句意中可知我现在已经知道你会弹琴了，那么不知道是过去不知道。 People often have this belief _ development is bad for the environment, but this does not have to be true. A that B which C where D how 答案： A 试题分析：考查同位语从句，本句中的 this belief后面的同位语从句 that development is bad for the environment是解释名词 belief的内容。 That引导同位语
21、从句，在句中不充当任何成分，只起引导作用，故 A正确。 考点：考查同位语从句 点评：同位语从句的引导词在句中不充当任何成分，只起引导作用。 If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A take B had taken C took D have taken 答案： B 试题分析：考查虚拟语气。本题是条件句中的虚拟语气，当与过去事实相反的时候，条件句中使用过去完成时，主句用情态动词 +have done 表示虚拟。句意：如何我们走另外一条路，我们也许就能及时赶上会议。故 B正确。 考点
22、 ;考查虚拟语气 点评：条件句的虚拟语气是考查的重点，与不同的时间连用，有不同的形式。当与过去事实相反的时候，条件句中使用过去完成时，主句用情态动词 +have done表示虚拟。 Jessie, my best friend _ me of some really bad things just to hurt me. I felt betrayed. A accused B informed C reminded D warned 答案： A 试题分析：短语辨析。 Accuse sb of 控告某人犯 罪； inform sb of 通知某人某事； remind sb of sth提醒某人
23、 sth; warn sb of sth警告某人 sth；句意： Jessice, 我最好的朋 友为了伤害我而控诉我做了坏事，我感觉被出卖了。根据句意说明A正确。 考点：考查短语辨析 点评：这几个词都是与介词 of连用的动词， Accuse sb of 控告某人犯 罪；inform sb of 通知某人某事； remind sb of sth提醒某人 sth; warn sb of sth警告某人 sth；要注意在上下文的语境中进行辨析。 twice a year, whether it is a car ,a bus or a truck, is the rule that every dr
24、iver must obey in this city. A Examining B Examined C Being examined D Having been examined 答案： C 试题分析：考查动名词用法。本句中 being examined twice a year是动名词短语在句中做主语。动名词做主语表示经常性，习惯性的动作。句意：无论是轿车，公交车还是卡车，两年被检查一次是每个司机都必须遵守的规定。故 C正确。 考点：考查动名词用法 点评：动名词做主语表示经常性习惯性的行为，注意其与不定式做主语的差别。不定式做主语表示具体的一次性的行为。 to his scientifi
25、c research, the professor cared little about his family. A Devoting B Devoted C Having devoted D To devote 答案： B 试题分析：考查形容词用法。固定词组 be devoted to 致力于 本句中的形容词短语 devoted to his scientific research是形容句子主语 the professor。 考点：考查形容词用法 点评： be devoted to 致力于 注意 to 是介词；本题是形容词短语修饰句子主语。 Simon made a big bamboo b
26、ox _ the little sick bird till it could fly. A keep B kept C keeping D to keep 答案： D 试题分析：考查不定式。本题中不定式做目的状语。句意： Simon制作了一个竹笼来养那只生病的小鸟直到它能够飞。故 D正确。 考点：考查不定式用法 点评：不定式做目的状语是不定式的一个重点用法，意为：为了 what their friendships are based upon, the important thing to remember is both of them are friendships. A Regardl
27、ess that B Regardless of, that C Though, / D Despite, what 答案： B 试题分析：考查固定词组和表语从句。 Regardless of/despite不管；尽管；后面接名词或者名词短语； though 后面接句子表示尽管；第二空 that 引导表语从句，that在句中不充当任何成分，只起引导作用。句意：不管他们的友谊是建立在什么之上的，需要记住的就是他们是朋友。 考点：考查固定词组和表语从句 点评：注意 that在句中不充当任何成分，只起引导作用。短语在平时要加强归类和总结。 You _ down everything I said!
28、You can find it on this sheet Im handing out. A shouldnt have taken B must not have taken C cannot have taken D neednt have taken 答案： D 试题分析：考查情态动词用法。 A本不应该做某事，实际上却做了； C不可能做了某事； D本不需要做某事，实际上却做了。句意：你本不需要把我写的所有内容都记下来的。在我发的纸上面你都能找到的。根据句意说明 D正确。 考点：考查情态动词用法 点评：不同的情态动词 +have done有不同的意义和用法，要注意区分和辨析。 - Im
29、still working on my project. - Oh, you will miss the deadline. Time is . A running out B going out C giving out D dropping out 答案： A 试题分析：短语辨析。 A用完（没有被动语态）； B熄灭，出去； C分发，筋疲力尽； D脱落；句意： 我还在从事于这个计划。 你要错过最后期限了。时间就要用完了。根据句意说明 A正确。 考点：考查短语辨析 点评：本题是由副词 out组成的不同的短语，在平时要加强识记和辨析，注意一词多义的现象。 I must apologize for
30、 _ ahead of time. Thats all right. A letting you not know B not letting you know C letting you know not D letting not you know 答案： B 试题分析：考查动名词否定形式。 Apologize for sth因为 sth道歉； for是介词，后面接动名词，动名词的否定形 式在前面直接加 Not。句意：我必须因为没有提前让你知道向你道歉。故 B正确。 考点：考查动名词否定形式 点评：在所有的非谓语动词中，否定式都是在前面加 Not，本题主要是句意的理解。 The coupl
31、e decided to _ another two children who lost their parents in the disaster. A receive B adapt C adopt D bring 答案： C 试题分析：动词辨析。 A收到； B适应；改编，改写； C收养采纳； D带来；句意：那对夫妻决定再收养两个在灾难中失去父母的孩子。根据句意说明 C 正确。 考点：考查动词辨析 点评：要注意一些形式相似的动词的辨析，如本题的 adapt, adopt, adjust等的辨析。同时要在语境中对动词的含义进行区分辨析。 Being too about your food i
32、s not good for your health. A special B particular C worried D mean 答案： 试题分析：形容词辨析。特别；苛刻，特别；担心； D 卑鄙的；低微的；自 私的； be particular about对 苛刻； be worried about对 担心；句意：对自己太苛刻对你的健康不好。根据句意说明 B正确。 考点 :形容词辨析 点评：形容词的辨析要放在上下文语境中进行，要注意形容词与不同的介词的搭配以及近义词的辨析。 完型填空 “Where is the bus Why is it always late ” I asked my
33、self. I was going to be late _36_ the manager wasnt going to be pleased. “Thank God, here it is!” The bus came round the corner and I got on. Ten minutes later I was walking into the _37_ where I work. “Twenty-five past nine. I _38_ the manager doesnt notice.” But I was not _39_. “Smith!” shouted th
34、e manager. “Late again. Whats your _40_ this time ” “I am afraid the bus was late, Mr. Brown.” “_41_ up earlier tomorrow! Anyway, go to your place at the counter. Well be opening in a few minutes.” My first customer was a pretty girl wearing a red dress. _42_ her was a young man of about 25. He seem
35、ed very _43_, and every few seconds he looked towards the main entrance. The girl drew some money and _44_ about opening an account(帐户 ). I gave her necessary _45_ and she went out. _46_, I noticed a tall man by the door, carrying something _47_ with brown paper. Turning to my next customer, I was f
36、rightened to see a gun sticking out of his coat. The next moment a loud noise _48_ my ears. Everything went black. I was falling It seemed to be a long time _49_ I opened my eyes and I found myself in bed! _50_ shaking from the memory of this terrible dream, I got dressed and ran out of the house. _
37、51_, the bus wasnt on time, and I got to the bank at 9:25. “Smith!” the manager cried out in a voice like thunder. “_52_ of your excuses! Start work at once!” To my _53_, the first customer was a girl _54_ a red dress and behind her stood a man carrying something wrapped in brown paper. The _55_! So
38、metimes life is full of coincidences (巧合 )! 【小题1】 A as B but C and D or A hotel B shop C bank D restaurant A believe B think C guess D hope A lucky B happy C sorry D angry A excuse B idea C cause D answer A Hurry B Set C Catch D Get A Before B Behind C Beyond D Against A nervous B shy C calm D angry
39、 A cared B talked C asked D worried A information B offer C introduction D support A Again B Then C Thus D However A hidden B filled C decorated D covered A took B closed C filled D came A before B after C when D that A Even B Still C Just D Ever A As usual B For one thing C In fact D In general A L
40、ess B Plenty C More D None A pleasure B surprise C joy D regret A of B with C on D in A dream B story C affair D incident 答案： 【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 D 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 A 【小题 6】 D 【小题 7】 B 【小题 8】 A 【小题 9】 C 【小题 10】 A 【小题 11】 B 【小题 12】 D 【小题 13】 C 【小题 14】 A 【小题 15】 B 【小题 16】 A 【小题 17】 D 【小题 18】 B 【小题
41、 19】 D 【小题 20】 A 试题分析：【小题 1】 C 连词辨析。本句是并列关系，我会迟到，老板会不高兴。 【小题 2】 C 上下文串联。根据下文顾客到柜台开户我们我在银行工作。 【小题 3】 D 动词辨析。 A相信； B认为； C猜想； D希望；我希望老板没有注意到我迟到。 【小题 4】 A 上下文串联。根据第二段可知老板注意到我迟到了，故我运气不好。 【小题 5】 A 名词辨析。 A借口； B观点； C原因； D回答；句意：这次你的借口是什么？ 【小题 6】 D 固定词组。 Get up 起床；指老板原谅我了，提醒我明天早点起床。 【小题 7】 B 上下文串联。根据下文 54空后 b
42、ehind her stood说明 B正确。 【小题 8】 A 上下文串联。根据 very few seconds he looked towards the .说明他很紧张。 【小题 9】 C 动词辨析。 Ask about询问，打听；她取钱并询问开户。 【小题 10】 A 名词辨析。 A信息； B提供； C介绍； D支持；我把必要的信息给了她。 【小题 11】 B 上下文串联。我给了她必要的信息，她出去了。那时我发现 【小题 12】 D 固定词组。 Be covered with覆盖着 指他拿着用棕色报纸包盖着的东西。 【小题 13】 .C 动词辨析。 A带走； B关闭； C充满； D来。
43、指我的耳朵里都是吵闹声。 【小题 14】 A 固定句型。 It be 一段时间 before从句，表示一段时间以后某事才发生。 【小题 15】 B 副词辨析。 A甚至； B仍然； C只是； D曾经；我仍然因为可怕的经历而颤抖。 【小题 16】 .A 短语辨析。 A和往常一样； B一方面； C事实上； D总得说来。和往常一样公车晚了。 【小题 17】 D 上下文串联。这里必须用否定词，指经理不相信我任何借口，让我赶快工作。 【小题 18】 B 上下文串联。在现实中出现了和我梦境中一样的情景，这让我十分惊讶。 【小题 19】 D 语法分析。介词 in+颜色，表示穿什么颜色的衣服。 【小题 20】
44、A 上下文串联。指梦境再现。 考点：考查故事类完型 点评：文章讲述了作者经历了一个噩梦，结果在现实里，噩梦再现了。全文设空科学合理，考生不难从中领会大意，比较顺利，从选项中可以看出，本大题主要是考查了词汇的辨析与运用和上下文串联，但更加注重综合语言能力的运用，需要根据故事情节，了解词汇用法的同时，结合语境，做出准确的判断。 阅读理解 As the pace（步速） of life continues to increase , we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing throu
45、gh lift, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is completely necessary for a healthy mind and body. Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact , it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of
46、 stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. The amount of stress a person can withstand(忍受 ) depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such ch
47、aracters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between fight or flight and in more primitive days the choice
48、 made the difference between life or death. The crises（危机） we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established（确定的） links with stress. Since we cannot remove stress
