1、BS ISO 8729-1:2010 ICS 47.020.70 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Ships and marine technology Marine radar reflectors Part 1: Passive typeThis British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 3
2、1 May 2010 BSI 2010 ISBN 978 0 580 71347 7 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments BS ISO 8729-1:2010 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 8729-1:2010. It supersedes BS EN ISO 8729:1999 which is withdrawn. ISO 8729 was published in 1997; it was
3、 parallel voted, adopted by CEN and published in the UK as BS EN ISO 8729:1999. EN ISO 8729:1999 was subsequently withdrawn by CEN. The new edition of ISO 8729:2010, which supersedes ISO 8729:1997, has not been adopted by CEN. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Commit
4、tee EPL/80, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its corr
5、ect application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS ISO 8729-1:2010Reference number ISO 8729-1:2010(E) ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8729-1 First edition 2010-01-15 Ships and marine technology Marine radar reflectors Part 1: Passive type Navires
6、et technologie maritime Rflecteurs radars de marine Partie 1: Rflecteurs de type passif BS ISO 8729-1:2010 ISO 8729-1:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the
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11、g Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedBS ISO 8729-1:2010 ISO 8729-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Construction 2 4.1 Structure and materials 2 4.2 Enclosed size of th
12、e reflector for small-craft .2 4.3 Colour .2 5 Performance requirements.2 5.1 General requirements .2 5.2 Reflecting pattern in horizontal plane .2 5.3 Environmental requirements3 6 Inspection and type tests .3 6.1 Visual inspection .3 6.2 Test site 3 6.3 Environmental tests 3 6.4 Performance tests
13、.4 6.5 Mechanical strength test 4 7 Installation4 7.1 Method4 7.2 Positioning check5 7.3 Mounting height check .5 7.4 Mass check 5 7.5 Size check 5 8 Manual 5 9 Marking.6 Annex A (normative) Mounting height of the reflectors .7 Annex B (informative) Example diagrams 9 Annex C (informative) Stated pe
14、rformance level.11 Annex D (informative) Equivalent requirements in this part of ISO 8729 and IMO Resolution MSC. 164(78) 12 Bibliography13 BS ISO 8729-1:2010 ISO 8729-1:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation
15、 of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.
16、International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance wit
17、h the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approv
18、al by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 8729-1 was prepared by Technical Committ
19、ee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 6, Navigation and ship operations. This first edition of ISO 8729-1 cancels and replaces ISO 8729:1997, which has been technically revised. ISO 8729 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ships and marine technology Marine r
20、adar reflectors: Part 1: Passive type Part 2: Active type BS ISO 8729-1:2010 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8729-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Ships and marine technology Marine radar reflectors Part 1: Passive type 1 Scope It is recognized that small vessels, often made of glass reinforced pl
21、astic (GRP), can be poor reflectors of radar signals. In situations where radar is the prime observation tool used by ships at sea, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) considers that it is essential that small vessels, considered in this context to be those under 150 gross tonnage, be equi
22、pped with a radar reflector to enhance their radar return and thus to improve their visibility to radar. This International Standard specifies the minimum requirements for a radar reflector intended to enhance returns from small vessels as required by IMO Resolution MSC. 164(78). It provides the spe
23、cification for the construction, performance, testing, inspection and installation of such radar reflectors. There are two types of radar reflector: passive and active. Passive reflectors are mechanical, whereas active reflectors have an electronic element. This part of ISO 8729 concerns passive ref
24、lectors. NOTE Requirements that have been extracted from IMO Resolution MSC. 164(78) Revised performance standards for radar reflectors are printed in italics. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only
25、 the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 8729-2:2009, Ships and marine technology Marine radar reflectors Part 2: Active type IEC 60945, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems G
26、eneral requirements Methods of testing and required test results IMO Resolution MSC. 164(78), Revised performance standards for radar reflectors 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 8729-2 and the following apply. 3.1 passive radar reflect
27、or radar reflector which does not consist of any electrical devices that receive, amplify and return a radar signal as a method of enhancing radar returns BS ISO 8729-1:2010 ISO 8729-1:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved3.2 azimuthal polar diagram polar diagram providing the radar cross section (
28、RCS) of the reflector with respect to its azimuthal angle NOTE These diagrams can be produced for specified angle of heel. Examples of typical plots for a Luneburg reflector and for a corner reflector are given in Figures B.1 and B.2 respectively. 3.3 Luneburg reflector reflector, making use of a nu
29、mber of concentric spheres of varying refractive index, capable of focusing incident energy onto a reflecting surface 3.4 corner reflector reflector, consisting of flat conducting surfaces intersecting mutually at right angles, that reflects the greater part of the incident waves parallel to their d
30、irection of incidence 4 Construction 4.1 Structure and materials The materials used for the radar reflector shall be of sufficient strength and quality as to make the reflector capable of maintaining reflection performance under the conditions of stress due to sea states, vibration, humidity and cha
31、nge of temperature likely to be experienced in the marine environment and capable of withstanding the environmental conditions specified in 5.3. Ferrous metals should not be used. 4.2 Enclosed size of the reflector for small-craft The volume of the reflector for small-craft should not exceed 0,05 m
32、3 . If this volume exceeds 0,05 m 3 , the following text should be noted in the manual: “This reflector exceeds the recommended volume limit for small-craft.” 4.3 Colour The radar reflector intended for installation on board vessels shall not be coloured black. It should be of a highly-visible colou
33、r. 5 Performance requirements 5.1 General requirements The radar reflector shall comply with the following minimum requirements for the frequency range of X-Band (9,300 GHz to 9,500 GHz), and S-Band (2,900 GHz to 3,100 GHz). 5.2 Reflecting pattern in horizontal plane 5.2.1 The radar reflector shall
34、have a Stated Performance Level of at least 7,5 m 2at X-Band and 0,5 m 2at S-band. The SPL shall be maintained over a total angle of at least 280. BS ISO 8729-1:2010 ISO 8729-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 3The response shall, at the assessed level for each polar plot: not have any nulls gre
35、ater than a single angle of 10; and not have a distance between nulls of less than 20. Nulls of less than 5 shall be ignored for this calculation. NOTE Typical azimuthal polar diagrams for passive radar reflector at X-band are given in Figures B.1 and B.2. 5.2.2 For power driven vessels and sailing
36、vessels designed to operate with little heel (catamaran/trimaran), this performance shall be maintained through angles of (athwartships) heel 10 either side of vertical. For other vessels, the reflector shall maintain this performance over 20 either side of vertical. 5.3 Environmental requirements T
37、he radar reflector shall comply with all requirements for dry heat, low temperature, vibration, rain and spray, solar radiation, corrosion, and compass safe distance specified in IEC 60945. 6 Inspection and type tests 6.1 Visual inspection A visual inspection shall be carried out to confirm that the
38、 construction and finish of the reflector is such that the unit is safe to handle. For example, burrs should be removed and, if applicable, wires fixed so that injury cannot occur during handling of the reflector. 6.2 Test site Tests will normally be carried out at test sites accepted by the type te
39、st authority for these tests. The manufacturer shall, unless otherwise agreed, set up the equipment and ensure that it is installed in accordance with their installation requirements before type testing commences. 6.3 Environmental tests 6.3.1 Methods of test The reflector shall meet the requirement
40、s of IEC 60945 for exposed equipment for the environmental conditions given in 5.3. BS ISO 8729-1:2010 ISO 8729-1:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reserved6.3.2 Required results IEC 60945 requires performance tests or checks to be carried out during the test programme. A performance test needs speciali
41、zed equipment used in a free-field environment for qualitative results. Therefore, the “performance check” shall consist of a visual examination during the tests for any damage visible to normal eyesight, and the “performance test” shall consist of the full reflective performance test specified in 6
42、.4.1 which shall be conducted on the sample reflector after conducting the environmental tests specified in 6.3.1. 6.4 Performance tests 6.4.1 Test methods The reflective performance tests shall be conducted in a free-field environment or a fully anechoic chamber where the background noise level has
43、 been reduced to the equivalent of 0,01 m 2at frequencies between 2,900 GHz and 3,100 GHz and 9,300 GHz and 9,500 GHz. Typically, a fully anechoic microwave test chamber would be used for carrying out these tests. Before use, the reflector test range shall be calibrated using a precision sphere of k
44、nown RCS. These tests may be carried out using a continuous-wave (CW) or pulsed signal. CW signals are atypical of current magnetron radar but produce lower uncertainties in reflector testing. Due to the 100 % duty cycle of a non-fluctuating CW signal the manufacturer should be consulted to ascertai
45、n the maximum duration for which tests can be conducted and the duration of any rest period to allow for equipment under test (EUT) cooling. The tests should be carried out at both X-Band (9,410 GHz) and S-band (3,050 GHz) with the same power density at the EUT turntable that was used for the chambe
46、r calibration. 6.4.2 Required results The radar reflector shall have a minimum SPL of 7,5 m 2at X-band and 0,5 m 2at S-band. 6.5 Mechanical strength test 6.5.1 Test methods Mount the reflector in the recommended manner for underwater testing and move underwater at a relative velocity of 1,3 m/s in b
47、oth directions for each of three mutually perpendicular planes in sequence. 6.5.2 Required results After the test, inspect visually to confirm the absence of mechanical performance issues or external damage. 7 Installation 7.1 Method The radar reflector shall be installed in accordance with a method
48、 recommended by the manufacturer. Fixing arrangements shall be provided so that the reflector can be fitted in its correct orientation either on a rigid mount or suspended in rigging. Manufacturers shall ensure that the method of mounting is adequately described in the manual. Manufacturers shall en
49、sure that the fixing arrangements of the reflector correspond with those described in the manual and are sufficient to mount the reflector in the orientations specified therein. BS ISO 8729-1:2010 ISO 8729-1:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 57.2 Positioning check The radar reflector shall be installed in the optimum position for the avoidance of shadow sectors. Manufacturers shall ensure that the manual describes shadow sectors and gives methods for their avoidance. 7.3 Mounting height check Ma
