1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS PL 5:2005 Unsaturated polyester resins for low pressure laminating of high strength fibre reinforced composites Test methods ICS 59.100; 83.120 BS PL 5:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on
2、10 June 2005 BSI 10 June 2005 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ACE/65 Draft for comment 04/30115928 DC ISBN 0 580 45900 4 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committe
3、e ACE/65, Inspection and testing requirements for non-metallic materials, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Hydromechanics Research Group British Plastics Federation Society of British Aerospace Companies Ltd. Co-opted members The following bodies were also represented in the
4、 drafting of this standard, through panel ACE/65/-/64, Structural reinforced plastic: Defence Science and Technology Laboratory Co-opted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affectedBS PL 5:2005 BSI 10 June 2005 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Fore
5、word ii 1S c o p e 1 2 Normative references 1 3T e s t v a r i a t i o n s 1 4 Physical tests on the resin 1 5 Physical and mechanical tests on the resin system 1 6 Physical and mechanical tests on laminated specimens 2 7 Electrical tests on laminated specimens 4 8 Test report 4BS PL 5:2005 ii BSI 1
6、0 June 2005 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of ACE/65/-/64. With BS PL 4, this document supersedes DTD 5537A, January 1981, which was declared obsolescent by the Ministry of Defence from 1st April 1999. This British Standard calls for the use of substances and/or
7、 procedures that may be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and does not absolve the user from legal obligations relating to health and safety at any stage. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
8、 contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to ii, pages 1 to 4 and a back cov
9、er. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.BS PL 5:2005 BSI 10 June 2005 1 1 Scope This British Standard describes the methods for testing unsaturated polyester type synthetic resin and laminate specimens manufactured from the resin, to show c
10、onformance to the requirements of BS PL 4. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the reference cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any am
11、endments) applies. BS 188, Methods for determination of the viscosity of liquids. BS 733-2, Pyknometers Part 2: Method of calibration and use of pyknometers. BS 2782-8: Method 835B, Plastics Part 8: Other properties Method 835B: Determination of gelation time of polyester resins (manual method). BS
12、2782-8: Method 835C, Plastics Part 8: Other properties Method 835C: Determination of gelation time of polyester and epoxide resins using a gel timer. BS 2782-10: Method 1001, Plastics Part 10: Glass reinforced plastics Method 1001: Measurement of hardness by means of a Barcol impressor. BS EN ISO 62
13、, Plastics Determination of water absorption. BS EN ISO 2114 (BS 2782-4: Method 432B), Plastic (polyester resin) and paints and varnishes (binders) Determination of partial acid value and total acid value. BS EN ISO 2818 (BS 2782-9: Method 930A), Plastics Preparation of test specimens by machining.
14、BS EN ISO 14125, Fibre reinforced plastic composites Determination of flexural properties. BS PL 4, Properties of unsaturated polyester resin for low pressure laminating of high strength fibre reinforced composites Specification. 3 Test variations With agreement of the purchaser, other equivalent te
15、st methods may be used. However, in case of dispute, the test methods described in this standard shall be used. 4 Physical tests on the resin 4.1 Determination of density as received and after storage life Determine the density of the resin at a temperature of 25 C in accordance with the requirement
16、s of BS 733-2, method 5. 4.2 Determination of viscosity as received and after storage life Determine the viscosity of the resin at a temperature of 25 C in accordance with the requirements of BS 188. 4.3 Determination of acid value as received and after storage life Determine the acid value of the r
17、esin in accordance with BS EN ISO 2114. 5 Physical and mechanical tests on the resin system 5.1 Determination of gelation time Determine the gelation time of the resin system at a temperature of 25 C in accordance with the requirements of BS 2782-8: Method 835C. Determine the gelation time of the re
18、sin system at a temperature of 82 C in accordance with the requirements of BS 2782-8: Method 835B.BS PL 5:2005 2 BSI 10 June 2005 5.2 Determination of hardness of cured resin After conditioning the cast resin plaque for not less than 40 h at (23 2) C and (50 5) % RH, determine the Barcol hardness in
19、 accordance with the requirements of BS 2782-10: Method 1001. 6 Physical and mechanical tests on laminated specimens 6.1 Preparation of test specimens by machining Machine test specimens in accordance with BS EN ISO 2818 from laminated test plaque(s) manufactured in accordance with BS PL 4. 6.2 Dete
20、rmination of flexural strength as laminated Determine the flexural strength of laminated specimens in accordance with BS EN ISO 14125, method A. 6.3 Determination of flexural strength after heat ageing Determine the flexural strength of test specimens, after subjecting them to heat ageing as specifi
21、ed in BS PL 4, in accordance with BS EN ISO 14125, method A. Test the specimens at the maximum service temperature for the particular grade of resin under test. The tolerance on test temperature shall be 2 C for temperatures up to and including 150 C, and 5 C for all other temperatures. 6.4 Determin
22、ation of flexural strength after weathering Subject two samples of laminated material of sufficient size to allow the extraction of three test specimens from it after weathering, and subject it to the following exposure. Expose each sample of laminate at a 45 angle facing south, turning the samples
23、over every 15 days. At intervals of one month, expose the samples to the maximum service temperature for the particular grade of resin under test for a minimum of 30 min. Expose one test sample for a minimum period of three months and the other for a minimum period of one year. On completion of expo
24、sure, extract test specimens and condition them for a minimum period of four days at (23 2) C and (55 5) % RH prior to test. Determine the flexural strength of the specimens in accordance with BS EN ISO 14125, method A. Record the mean of the three determinations of the flexural strength as the resu
25、lt and express it as a percentage of the original flexural strength. The tolerance on exposure temperature shall be 2 C for temperatures up to and including 150 C and 5 C for all other temperatures. Where the service temperature is above 100 C, expose the laminate to a minimum pre-heat of one hour a
26、t 100 C before exposure to the higher temperature. 6.5 Determination of flexural strength after water absorption 6.5.1 Determination of water absorption Prepare three flexural test specimens in accordance with BS EN ISO 14125, method A and determine their water absorption characteristics in accordan
27、ce with BS EN ISO 62, method 2. If the weight after immersion is less than the original weight, record the difference and report it as water-soluble matter. 6.5.2 Determination of flexural strength Test the specimens within five minutes of removal from the cold distilled water. Determine the flexura
28、l strength of specimens in accordance with BS EN ISO 14125, method A.BS PL 5:2005 BSI 10 June 2005 3 6.6 Determination of flexural strength after exposure to fluids 6.6.1 Determination of fluid absorption Prepare four separate sets of three flexural test specimens in accordance with BS EN ISO 14125,
29、 method A. Immerse the specimens in the four fluids, one set per fluid. Measure and record the width and thickness of each specimen in accordance with BS EN ISO 14125 and weigh each specimen (m 1 ) prior to immersion for a minimum of 24 h at (25 2) C. Fully immerse each specimen separately in 50 ml
30、of fluid by placing each one on edge in a container and supporting it at an angle by the bottom and sidewall of the container. After removal from the fluid, wipe the specimen free of surface fluid and immediately weigh it (m 2 ). Calculate the mass of absorption for each specimen as m spec . Take th
31、e mean of the three determinations of mass change as the percentage change in original mass due to absorption of fluids. Report each fluid separately. 6.6.2 Determination of flexural strength After weighing, determine flexural strength of the specimens in accordance with BS EN ISO 14125, method A. R
32、ecord the mean of the three determinations of the flexural test as the result and express it as a percentage of the original flexural strength. Report each fluid separately. 6.7 Determination of rate of burning Cut three specimens each approximately 150 mm long 12.5 mm wide in any direction from the
33、 test laminate. Scribe each specimen with two lines 20 mm and 120 mm from one end. Clamp the other end of the specimen in a support within a test chamber or room so that the horizontal axis of the specimen is horizontal and the traverse axis is inclined at 45 to the horizontal. Clamp, under the test
34、 specimen, a piece of 18 mesh wire gauze 120 mm square in a horizontal position 5.0 mm below the edge of the specimen and with 10 mm of the specimen extending beyond the edge of the gauze. Place a bunsen burner (1 cm minimum outside diameter with a luminous flame 12.6 mm to 20.0 mm height) under the
35、 free end of the test specimen so that the flame tip is just in contact with the specimen. After 30 s, remove the flame and allow the specimen to burn. Start a stop-watch when the flame reaches the first mark from the end and observe the time to reach the second mark 100 mm away. Record the mean of
36、the three determinations as the rate of burning in mm/min. Should a specimen fail to continue to burn to the second mark after the flame has been removed, replace the burner under the free end for a further 30 s immediately following the extinction of the first flame. Protect the test chamber or roo
37、m from air currents but provide it with means for venting the fumes from the burning specimens. 6.8 Determination of the glass content of the test plaques Cut three specimens, each not larger than 25 mm square, from the test plaque. The sides of the specimens shall be square to the faces and the edg
38、es shall not be frayed. Weigh each specimen (m 2 ) in a previously ignited cooled and weighed crucible (m 1 ) and then place them in a furnace at a temperature not higher than 340 C. Raise the temperature of the furnace to a temperature of 550 to 660 C at a rate that does not cause blowing or loss o
39、f inorganic filler. Ignite to a constant mass of the crucible and content (m 3 ), determined after cooling the crucible and content in a desiccator. m spec 100 m 2 m 1 () m 1 - = m mean m spec1 m spec2 m spec3 + 3 - =BS PL 5:2005 4 BSI 10 June 2005 Calculate the percentage glass content g spec(%) fo
40、r each specimen. Take the mean of the three determinations of the percentage glass content. Test all the test plaques for glass content. 7 Electrical tests on laminated specimens Expose three test specimens cut from the test plaque for a minimum of three hours to the maximum service temperature of t
41、he resin type under test, then allow them to cool in an atmosphere of (23 2) C and (55 5) % RH, and store them under these conditions for a minimum of four days. Measure the permittivity and loss tangent of the test pieces at a test frequency of 9 375 megacycles per second. Use a wave guide of inter
42、nal cross section of 23 10 mm to hold the test piece. For dielectric constant measurement, use a short circuit method and, for loss tangent measurements, use an insertion method. After storage for the time and under the conditions specified in BS PL 4, retest the specimens using the same test proced
43、ures. Test each specimen within 15 min of removal from the storage chamber. Record the mean of the three determinations as the result of the tests. 8 Test report A test report shall be prepared, specifying the following for each test condition: a) the number and date of this standard, i.e. BS PL 5:2
44、005; b) the batch number; c) fabric type and style; d) the individual test results and the mean result and, where appropriate, the results expressed as a percentage of the original value; e) conformance or failure against requirements specified in BS PL 4; f) any deviations from the test method as a
45、greed with the purchaser. g spec 100 m 3 m 2 () m 2 m 1 - = g g spec1 g spec2 g spec3 + 3 - =blankBS PL 5:2005 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on stand
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