1、 Guide for High Voltage Shore Connection GUIDE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SHORE CONNECTION NOVEMBER 2011 American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 Copyright 2011 American Bureau of Shipping ABS Plaza 16855 Northchase Drive Houston, TX 77060 USA ii ABSGUIDE FO
2、R HIGH VOLTAGE SHORE CONNECTION .2011 Foreword Foreword It is envisaged that the effect of increasingly stricter air emissions legislation implemented through mainly local air quality controls will see an increasing number of vessels installing high voltage shore connection (HVSC) in the near future
3、. Shore power supply facilities have adopted high voltage rather than low voltage by necessity in order to keep the physical size of related electrical equipment such as shore connection cables manageable. Inevitably high voltage would otherwise introduce new risks to ships crew and the shipboard in
4、stallations if necessary safety features were not built into the HVSC system or safe operating procedures were not put in place. Accordingly, the requirements of this Guide have been developed with the primary focus on the safety of operating crews as well as for the security of the shipboard equipm
5、ent. It should be noted that the requirements in this Guide have been developed in consideration of the joint effort by IEC, ISO and IEEE to establish an international standard for Cold Ironing High Voltage Connection Systems which at the time of the issuance of this Guide is under development. The
6、applicable edition of the Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels is to be used in association with the subject Guide. This Guide becomes effective on the first day of the month of publication. Users are advised to check periodically on the ABS website www.eagle.org to verify that this version
7、 of this Guide is the most current. We welcome your feedback. Comments or suggestions can be sent electronically by email to 0rsdeagle.org. ABSGUIDE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SHORE CONNECTION .2011 iii Table of Contents GUIDE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SHORE CONNECTION CONTENTS 1 Application 1 2 Objectives . 1 3 Class
8、ification Notation. 1 4 Plans and Data to be Submitted 1 5 Definitions. 2 6 Alternative Arrangements 2 7 System Design 2 7.1 Shore Power Compatibility.2 7.2 Capacity .2 7.3 Grounding 3 7.4 Circuit Protection5 7.5 Short-circuit Level Compatibility.5 7.6 Overvoltage Protection 5 7.7 Protective Device
9、Coordination5 7.8 Protection of Transformer 5 7.9 Load Transfer.5 7.10 Failure Recovery Strategy .6 7.11 Safety Interlocks 6 7.12 HVSC Circuit Breaker Control7 7.13 HVSC Emergency Shutdown.7 7.14 Harmonics7 7.15 Monitoring and Alarms.7 8 Equipment Design 8 8.1 General 8 8.2 Protection Against Moistu
10、re and Condensation.8 8.3 Air Clearance .8 8.4 Creepage Distance 8 8.5 Shore Connection Switchboard .8 8.6 Onboard Receiving Switchboard .8 8.7 Cable Management System.9 8.8 Shore Connection Plugs and Receptacle9 8.9 Transformer9 8.10 HV Cables9 iv ABSGUIDE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SHORE CONNECTION .2011 9
11、Installations 10 9.1 Equipment Locations .10 9.2 Voltage Segregation 10 9.3 HV Cable Installation .10 9.4 Storage.11 10 Maintenance Plan . 11 11 Operation Manual . 11 12 Tests 11 12.1 HV Switchboard .12 12.2 HV Transformer12 12.3 HV Cable Reel Slip Ring12 12.4 Cable Test After Installation.12 TABLE-
12、1 Air Clearance8 TABLE 2 AC Withstand Test .12 FIGURE 1 Example for Ungrounded LV Ships System3 FIGURE 2 Example for Grounded HV Ships System (where NGR Value is Compatible with the Ships Design Ground Current Range, Otherwise 1:1 Isolation Transformer may be Required) 4 FIGURE 3 Example for Ungroun
13、ded Ships System (e.g., Oil Carriers and Gas Carriers)4 FIGURE 4 Example for Ungrounded Ships System where Shoreside Option for Ungrounded Neutral is Available (e.g., Oil Carriers and Gas Carriers)5 FIGURE 5 Example of Plug and Socket, interlock by Pilot Contactor.10 ABSGUIDE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SHORE
14、CONNECTION .2011 1 1 Application Requirements in this Guide apply to vessels equipped with a high voltage shore connection system (HVCS) designed to power the vessel with the shore power alone, enabling the shipboard generators to be shut down while in port. The installation of a HVSC is optional, h
15、owever if installed it is to be designed, installed and surveyed in accordance with this Guide, and when found satisfactory, a classification notation as specified in Section 3 will be granted. 2 Objectives The objective of this Guide is to provide requirements for the design, installation and surve
16、y of high voltage shore connection installations. The requirements in this Guide address: i) The safety of shipboard and, where applicable, shoreside personnel during the deployment and retrieval of the cable and when making the HV connection. ii) The safety of shipboard personnel during the period
17、in which the vessel is operating using the established HV shoreside connection. iii) The safety of the shipboard personnel should the HV connection malfunction. iv) The safety of shipboard personnel and shoreside staff as applicable at the time the HV connection between the vessel and the shoreside
18、supply is disconnected. v) Requirements for the safe storage of the HV equipment and associated connections when the vessel is on voyage or in ports where no HV connection is established. These objectives are to be achieved by means of the system design, the construction of the HV equipment and oper
19、ating safety procedures. 3 Classification Notation A vessel with a high voltage shore connection installation which is found to be in compliance with the requirements in this Guide will be assigned the classification notation HVSC. 4 Plans and Data to be Submitted The following plans and data are to
20、 be submitted: i) One-line diagram showing shipboard elements of the HVSC ii) Descriptions of Electrical System Grounding philosophy (See Section 5 and 7.3.3) iii) Descriptions of instrumentation, monitoring and alarms iv) Short-circuit current calculations for each shore facility v) Protection devi
21、ce coordination study for each shore facility vi) Load analysis vii) Capacity rating of HVSC installation, including maximum design short-circuit level viii) Details of shore connection switchboard, including outline view, internal arrangement, dimensions, IP rating, circuit breaker rating, socket r
22、ating and schematics ix) Details of transformer including kVA rating, impedance information and construction details 2 ABSGUIDE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SHORE CONNECTION .2011 x) Cable specifications xi) Details of portions of the ships main switchboard that are associated with the HVSC interface xii) Descr
23、iptions of the automatic synchronization system for the temporary generator parallel running of ships generator and the shore power, if fitted xiii) Descriptions of safety interlocks (See 7.11) xiv) Details of the cable management system, if installed xv) Equipment locations, including the routing o
24、f HV cables xvi) Operation manual as required by Section 11 5 Definitions High Voltage Shore Connection (HVSC) Installation: Those onboard systems that are designed to accept high voltage shore power, typically involving incoming power receptacles, shore connection switchgear, step-down transformer
25、or isolation transformer, fixed power cables, incoming switchgear at the main switchboard and associated instrumentation. HVSC is often referred to as Cold Ironing or Alternative Marine Power. High Voltage (HV): For the purpose of this Guide, the system nominal voltage is considered to be in the ran
26、ge from 1 kV AC to 15 kV AC. Electrical System Grounding Philosophy: The manner in which electrical system is grounded (e.g., ungrounded system, solid neutral grounding system, low impedance neutral grounding system, or high impedance neutral grounding system), including ground potential transformer
27、 method. Circuit protection strategy is built around the selected method of system grounding in terms of over voltage prevention, over current prevention or continued operability under single phase grounded condition. Cable Management System: The cable management system is the ships interface point
28、with the shore power system. The cable management system is typically composed of flexible HV cables with the plug that extends to the shore power receptacle, cable reel, automatic tension control system with associated control gears, and instrumentation. Shore power is fed to the shore connection s
29、witchboard via the cable management system. Shore Connection Switchboard: Where no cable management system is provided onboard, the shore connection switchboard is normally the ships interface point with the shore power system. HV shore power is connected to this shore connection switchboard by mean
30、s of an HV plug and socket arrangement. The shore connection switchboard is provided with a shore power connecting circuit breaker with circuit protection devices. Onboard Receiving Switchboard: The receiving switchboard is normally a part of the ships main switchboard to which the shore power is fe
31、d from the shore connection switchboard. 6 Alternative Arrangements Alternative arrangements that differ from the specific requirements in this Guide and that provide an equivalent level of safety may be considered on their technical merits. 7 System Design 7.1 Shore Power Compatibility Means to che
32、ck shore power compatibility (e.g., correct voltage range, frequency and phase rotation) are to be provided at the location from which the HVSC circuit breakers are controlled (e.g., at the control station in the engine control room). ABSGUIDE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SHORE CONNECTION .2011 3 7.2 Capacity H
33、VSC installation is to be sufficiently rated to supply the following: i) Normal services required in port ii) Emergency services iii) Services needed to support the ships operations in port 7.3 Grounding 7.3.1 Equipotential Bonding Equipotential bonding between the ship and the shore is to be provid
34、ed. An interlock is provided such that the HV shore connection cannot be established until the equipotential bonding has been established. The bonding cable may be integrated into the HV shore power cable. If the equipotential bonding cable is intended to carry the shipboard ground fault current, th
35、e cable size is to be sufficient to carry the design maximum ground fault current. 7.3.2 Equipotential Bonding Safety Interlock An interlock arrangement is to be provided such that the loss of equipotential bonding is to result in the disconnection of the HV shore power. See 7.13.2i). 7.3.3 System G
36、rounding Compatibility Arrangements are to be provided so that when the shore connection is established, the resulting system grounding onboard is to be compatible with the vessels original electrical system grounding philosophy (for instance, the shipboard ungrounded power distribution system is to
37、 remain ungrounded, or the shipboard high impedance grounding system is to remain high impedance grounded within the design grounding impedance values). Ground fault detection and protection is to remain available after the shore connection has been established. Examples are shown in Figures 1 throu
38、gh 4. 7.3.4 Voltage rating The voltage rating of electrical equipment insulation materials is to be appropriate to the system grounding method, taking into consideration the fact that the insulation material will be subjected to 3 times higher voltage under single phase ground fault condition. FIGUR
39、E 1 Example for Ungrounded LV Ships System Equipotential bonding to the ships hullNGR440VStep-down TransformerHV TransformerSecondary: 6.6 kVShore Side Ship Side (Ungrounded, Low Voltage)4 ABSGUIDE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SHORE CONNECTION .2011 FIGURE 2 Example for Grounded HV Ships System (where NGR Value
40、 is Compatible with the Ships Design Ground Current Range, Otherwise 1:1 Isolation Transformer may be Required) Equipotential bonding to the ships hullNGR6.6 kVHV TransformerSecondary: 6.6 kVShore Side Ship Side (High Impedance Grounding)FIGURE 3 Example for Ungrounded Ships System (e.g., Oil Carrie
41、rs and Gas Carriers) Equipotential bonding to the ships hullLow Impedance NGR6.6 kV1:1 Isolation TransformerHV TransformerSecondary: 6.6 kVShore SideShip Side (Ungrounded, or HighImpedance Grounding via GPT)ABSGUIDE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SHORE CONNECTION .2011 5 FIGURE 4 Example for Ungrounded Ships Syst
42、em where Shoreside Option for Ungrounded Neutral is Available (e.g., Oil Carriers and Gas Carriers) Equipotential bonding to the ships hullNGR6.6 kVHV TransformerSecondary: 6.6 kVShore SideShip Side (Ungrounded, or HighImpedance Grounding via GPT)7.4 Circuit Protection The HV shore connection switch
43、board is to be provided with a circuit breaker to protect fixed HV electrical cables installed from that point onward. 7.5 Short-circuit Level Compatibility After a shore connection has been established, the prospective short-circuit current level at any point in the ships power distribution system
44、is not to exceed the short-circuit breaking and making capacities of circuit breakers installed onboard. Operational procedures are to be established for assessment of the shoreside impedance, which determines the prospective short-circuit current level after the shore connection has been establishe
45、d. Procedures are to be included in the operation manual. 7.6 Overvoltage Protection Where a step-down transformer is installed onboard, the ships low voltage system is to be protected against accidental overvoltage. This may be achieved by: i) Direct earthing of the lower voltage system while the s
46、hore power is connected ii) Earthed screen between the primary and the secondary windings of the transformer 7.7 Protective Device Coordination The feeder circuit breaker on the main switchboard serving the shore connection is to be coordinated with the generator circuit breakers such that a short-c
47、ircuit fault in the shore connection circuit will not result in a blackout condition. 7.8 Protection of Transformer Transformer, where provided, is to be protected against short-circuit and overload protection in accordance with 4-8-2/9.19 of the ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels (St
48、eel Vessel Rules). The overload protection device must have time-current protection characteristics consistent with the transformers thermal damage characteristics. 6 ABSGUIDE FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SHORE CONNECTION .2011 7.9 Load Transfer 7.9.1 Temporary Parallel Running Where the shipboard generator is
49、intended to run in parallel with the shore power for a short period of time for the purpose of connecting to the shore power or back to ship power without going through a blackout period, the following requirements are to be complied with: i) Means are to be provided to verify that the incoming voltage is within the range for which the shipboard generator can be adjusted with its automatic voltage regulator (AVR) ii) Means are to be provided for automatic synchronization iii) Load transfer is to be automatic iv) The duration of the temporary parallel runn
