1、ACI ITG-7M-09Specification for Tolerancesfor Precast ConcreteAn ACI StandardReported by ACI Innovation Task Group 7American Concrete InstituteAdvancing concrete knowledgeSpecification for Tolerances for Precast ConcreteFirst printingNovember 2009ISBN 978-0-87031-355-4Copyright by the American Concre
2、te Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This materialmay not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or otherdistribution and storage media, without the written consent of ACI.The technical committees responsible for ACI committee rep
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10、andards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revised ACI Manual ofConcrete Practice (MCP).American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331U.S.A.Phone: 248-848-3700Fax: 248-848-3701www.concrete.orgACI ITG-7M-09 was adopted August 13, 2009, and publi
11、shed November 2009.Copyright 2009, American Concrete Institute.All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by anymeans, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic ormechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visu
12、al reproduc-tion or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission inwriting is obtained from the copyright proprietors.ITG-7M-1Specification for Tolerances for Precast ConcreteAn ACI StandardReported by ACI Innovation Task Group 7ACI ITG-7M-09This Reference Specification
13、provides standard tolerances for precastconcrete construction. It covers dimensional tolerances for precastconcrete members used in building construction, and it covers erectiontolerances for these members. This document is intended to be adopted byreference in Contract Documents. The Specifier supp
14、lements the provi-sions of this Reference Specification as needed by specifying project-specific requirements in Contract Documents.Keywords: alignment; construction; erection tolerances; precast concrete;prestressed concrete; product tolerances; reinforcement; specification.CONTENTS(mandatory porti
15、on follows)Section 1General requirements, p. ITG-7M-21.1Scope1.2Requirements1.3Definitions1.4Referenced standardsSection 2Structural product tolerances,p. ITG-7M-52.1Scope2.2TolerancesSection 3Structural product erection tolerances, p. ITG-7M-213.1Scope3.2TolerancesSection 4Nonstructural architectur
16、al product tolerances, p. ITG-7M-294.1Scope4.2TolerancesSection 5Nonstructural architectural product erection tolerances, p. ITG-7M-355.1Scope5.2Tolerances(nonmandatory portion follows)Notes to Specifier, p. ITG-7M-37General notesForeword to checklists, p. ITG-7M-37Mandatory Requirements Checklist,
17、p. ITG-7M-37Optional Requirements Checklist, p. ITG-7M-37(mandatory portion follows)Charles S. HanskatChairNicholas J. Carino W. Calvin McCallNed M. Cleland David N. PetersonHarry A. Gleich Eldon G. TippingITG-7M-2 ACI STANDARDSECTION 1GENERAL REQUIREMENTS1.1Scope1.1.1 Work specifiedThis Specificati
18、on designatesstandard tolerances for structural and architectural precastconcrete members. Tolerances are provided for individualmembers and their erection. The indicated tolerances governunless otherwise specified.1.1.2 Work not specifiedInterface tolerances betweenprecast concrete members and cast
19、-in-place concreteconstruction are specified in ACI 117.1.1.3 UnitsValues in this specification are stated in SIunits. A companion specification in inch-pound units is alsoavailable.1.2Requirements1.2.1 Accumulation of tolerancesTolerances are notcumulative. Accumulations of individual tolerances on
20、 a singleitem shall not be used to increase an established tolerance.Individual tolerances are unique to their specific applicationand shall not be combined with other tolerances to form atolerance envelope. The most restrictive tolerance controls.1.2.2 Sign definitionPlus (+) tolerance increases th
21、edimension or elevation to which it applies. Minus () tolerancedecreases the dimension or elevation to which it applies.1.2.3 Exceeding tolerancesIf the product and erectiontolerances in this document are exceeded, the member or themodified assembly shall be accepted if the followingconditions are m
22、et:(a) The Licensed Design Professional determines thatthe structural requirements have been satisfied.(b) The Owner or Architect accepts the appearance ofexposed surfaces.1.3DefinitionsArchitect/Engineerthe architect, engineer, architecturalfirm, or engineering firm developing Contract Documents or
23、administering the Work under Contract Documents, or both.bearing width overhangdistance from the side ofprecast concrete member to side of bearing media, that is,pad or shim, measured perpendicular to the direction of thespan, as shown in Fig. 1.1.blockoutopening through the member for conduit,pipin
24、g, ductwork, connections, or structural framing.bowingthe deviation of the edge or surface of a planarwall member, in the out-of-plane direction, from a linepassing through any two corners of the member, as shown inFig. 1.2.camberdeviation of the bottom of the member from aline between the bottom en
25、ds of that member due to theeffects of the prestress force.Contract Documentsa set of documents supplied byOwner to Contractor as the basis for construction; thesedocuments contain contract forms, contract conditions,specifications, drawings, addenda, and contract changes.control surface, primarythe
26、 member surface deemedto be critical to the fit and function of interfacing membersor to the appearance of the completed project.coverthe least distance between the surface ofembedded reinforcement and the surface of the concrete.deviationdistance from an established reference point,line, or surface
27、 measured perpendicular to the line or surfaceof the member.deviation from planedistance between a point on areference plane and the corresponding point on the actualsurface of the member.deviation, horizontaldistance from an establishedpoint, line, or surface measured perpendicular to a verticallin
28、e through the point of interest.deviation, verticaldistance from an established point,line, or surface measured perpendicular to a horizontal linethrough the point of interest.Fig. 1.1Length over support and bearing width overhang.SPECIFICATION FOR TOLERANCES FOR PRECAST CONCRETE ITG-7M-3embedmentit
29、em embedded in the concrete to transmitapplied loads to the structure.exposedintended by the Contract Documents to bevisible during normal occupancy.flushnessdeviation of the embedment surface fromthe surrounding adjacent concrete surface, as shown inFig. 1.3.insertan embedment that uses a threaded
30、device or strapanchor to connect the member to the surrounding structure orother work.length over supportlength of precast member over thesupport measured in the direction of the span, as shown in Fig. 1.1.Licensed Design Professionalan individual who islicensed to practice structural design as defi
31、ned by theFig. 1.2Panel bowing.Fig. 1.3Tipping and flushness.ITG-7M-4 ACI STANDARDstatutory requirements of the professional licensing lawsof the state or jurisdiction in which the project is to beconstructed and who is in responsible charge of the structuraldesign.opening, finishedan opening throug
32、h a member thatwill be visible and requires additional finishing to the as-castconcrete surfaces and edges.opening, roughopening through a member that acceptsa frame for a window, door, louver, hatch, or similar device.Ownerthe corporation, association, partnership,individual, public body, or author
33、ity for whom the Work isconstructed.pretoppeda manufactured precast concrete memberthat does not require a field-placed concrete topping.Project Drawingsgraphic presentation of projectrequirements.product, nonstructural architecturalprecast concretemember that is visually exposed in the finished Wor
34、k; doesnot support any horizontal structural members; and is notpart of the lateral force-resisting system.product, structuralprecast concrete member that ispart of the structural framing system and is designed to resistimposed loads in addition to self-weight.roughnessthe variation in the deviation
35、 of an exposedsurface from a local reference plane, as shown in Fig. 1.4.setbackdistance from edge of support to the bearingmedia, that is, pad or shim, as shown in Fig. 1.1.spandrelprecast concrete members that are less than astory in height, have a height to web thickness ratio of 3 orgreater, and
36、 span horizontally between supports.spanning membera horizontal member supported at ornear the ends.specifiedrequired by the Contract Documents.sweepdeviation of a longitudinal edge, of a horizontalor vertical member, from a line through the ends of that edge.tippingthe deviation from plane of one o
37、r both edges ofan embedment, as shown in Fig. 1.3.tolerancethe permitted deviation from a specifieddimension, location, line, or plane.unarmored edgethe corner, in section view, of aconcrete support member unprotected by a steel embedment.warpingdeviation of a planar surface due to displace-ment of
38、one corner in relation to any two adjacent corners, asshown in Fig. 1.5.Workthe entire construction or separately identifiableparts thereof required to be furnished under ContractDocuments.wythethe concrete layer of an insulated wall panel,between a panel face and the nearest surface of the sandwich
39、edinsulation, measured perpendicular to the face of the panel.1.4Referenced standardsStandards of ACI referred to in this Specification are listedwith serial designation including year of adoption or revision.American Concrete Institute117-06 Specifications for Tolerances for ConcreteConstruction an
40、d Materials and CommentaryThis publication may be obtained from this organization:American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331www.concrete.orgFig. 1.4Roughness.Fig. 1.5Panel warping.SPECIFICATION FOR TOLERANCES FOR PRECAST CONCRETE ITG-7M-5SECTION 2STRUCTURAL PRODUCT
41、 TOLERANCES2.1ScopeThis section provides tolerances for precast structural products specified in the Contract Documents.2.2TolerancesUnless otherwise specified, structural products shall comply with tolerances listed in Table 2.1. The filled circles in Table 2.1indicate which tolerances are applicab
42、le to each product type. Each tolerance category is assigned a number in Table 2.1, andthose numbers are used in Fig. 2.1 through 2.12 to illustrate the different categories of tolerances.Table 2.1Product tolerances for structural members (cont.)Product tolerance Product typeSingle tee (Fig. 2.1)Dou
43、ble tee (Fig. 2.2)HC slab (Fig. 2.3)Joist (Fig. 2.4)Beam and spandrel (Fig. 2.5)Column (Fig. 2.6)Ribbed wall panel (Fig. 2.7)Flat wall panel (Fig. 2.8) HC wall panel (Fig. 2.9)Step unit (Fig. 2.10)Stadium riser (Fig. 2.11)Room module (Fig. 2.12)1. Deviation from specified length10 mm 13 mm 20 mm 25
44、mm a. Balcony extension6 mm 2. Deviation from specified width6 mm 10 mm 6 mm (single module) 13 mm (double module) a. Closure panel between units+0 mm, 13 mm 3. Deviation from specified ledge width6 mm 4. Deviation from specified tread width3 mm 6 mm 5. Deviation from specified depth6 mm 6. Deviatio
45、n from specified ledge depth6 mm 7. Deviation from specified riser depth3 mm 5 mm 8. Deviation from specified flange thickness*+6 mm, 3 mm 6 mm Not less than 85% of the specified flange thickness9. Deviation from specified wythe thickness10 mm 10. Deviation from specified web thickness*3 mm 6 mmNot
46、less than 85% of the specified web thickness 11. Deviation from specified wall thickness+6 mm, 0 mm ITG-7M-6 ACI STANDARDProduct tolerance Product typeSingle tee (Fig. 2.1)Double tee (Fig. 2.2)HC slab (Fig. 2.3)Joist (Fig. 2.4)Beam and spandrel (Fig. 2.5)Column (Fig. 2.6)Ribbed wall panel (Fig. 2.7)
47、Flat wall panel (Fig. 2.8) HC wall panel (Fig. 2.9)Step unit (Fig. 2.10)Stadium riser (Fig. 2.11)Room module (Fig. 2.12)12. Deviation from specified slab thickness6 mm 13. Deviation from specified distance between stems3 mm 6 mm 14. Deviation from specified distance between centerline of stem and ed
48、ge of flange3 mm 6 mm 15. Deviation from specified squareness or skew across the width of an end10 mm per m, 6 mm maximum 10 mm per m, 10 mm maximum 10 mm per m, 13 mm maximum 20 mm per m, 13 mm maximum 6 mm 13 mm 16. Deviation from specified squareness or skew across the thickness or depth or heigh
49、t of an end3 mm 10 mm per m 10 mm per m, 6 mm maximum 10 mm per m, 10 mm maximum 10 mm per m, 13 mm maximum 20 mm per m, 13 mm maximum 13 mm a. Depth 600 mm6 mm b. Depth 600 mm10 mm per m, 13 mm maximum 17. Deviation from specified location of a haunch, corbel, or ledge bearing surface a. From end of member6 mm b. Distance between bearing surfaces6 mm 18. Deviation from plane (warping)5 mm per m 6 mm 19. Deviation from plane of a
