1、Standard Specification for White and Yellow Reflective Thermoplastic Striping Material (Solid Form) AASHTO Designation: M 249-12 (2016) Release: Group 2 (June 2016) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001TS-4c
2、 M 249-1 AASHTO Standard Specification for White and Yellow Reflective Thermoplastic Striping Material (Solid Form) AASHTO Designation: M 249-12 (2016) Release: Group 2 (June 2016) 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification covers a reflectorized thermoplastic pavement striping material that is applied to the
3、 road surface in a molten state by mechanical means with surface application of glass beads at a rate specified by the purchaser or the manufacturer. Upon cooling to normal pavement temperature, the applied thermoplastic produces an adherent retroreflective stripe of specified color, thickness, and
4、width capable of resisting deformation by traffic. 1.2. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standards: M 247, Glass Beads Used in Pavement Markings T 250, Thermoplastic Traffic Line Material 2.2. ASTM Standards: D36/D36M, Standard Tes
5、t Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus) E1710, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Retroreflective Pavement Marking Materials with CEN-Prescribed Geometry Using a Portable Retroreflectometer 2.3. Federal Standards: Fed. Std. No. 141, Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
6、 Materials: Methods of Inspection, Sampling and Testing Fed. Std. No. 595b, Colors Used in Government Procurement 3. MATERIALS 3.1. The thermoplastic material shall be homogeneously composed of pigment, filler, resins, and glass reflectorizing spheres. 3.1.1. The thermoplastic material shall be avai
7、lable in both white and yellow. 3.1.2. The resin shall be alkyd or hydrocarbon as specified by the purchaser. 3.1.3. The vendor shall have the option of formulating the material according to his or her own specifications. However, the physical and chemical properties contained in this specification
8、shall apply regardless of the type of formulation used. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4c M 249-2 AASHTO 3.1.4. Glass Beads (Pre-Mix)The beads shall be uncoated and conform to AASHTO
9、 M 247, Type I. 3.1.5. Yellow pigment shall be lead and lead-chromate free. 4. REQUIREMENTS 4.1. Specific GravityThe specific gravity of the white and yellow thermoplastic traffic line material shall not exceed 2.15. 4.2. CompositionThe pigment, beads, and filler shall be uniformly dispersed in the
10、resin. The material shall be free from all skins, dirt, and foreign objects and shall comply with requirements according to Table 1. Table 1Composition (percent by weight) Component White Yellow Binder 18.0 min 18.0 min Glass beads 3040 3040 Titanium dioxide 10.0 min Calcium carbonate and inert fill
11、ers 42.0 max See Note 1 Yellow pigments Note 1Amount of yellow pigment, calcium carbonate, and inert fillers shall be at the option of the manufacturer, providing all other requirements of this specification are met. 4.2.1. The material shall be provided in either granular or block form as specified
12、 by the purchaser. 4.3. Physical Characteristics: 4.3.1. ColorThe thermoplastic material after heating for 240 5 min at 218 2C (425 3F) and cooled to 25 2C (77 3F) shall meet the following: White: Daytime Luminance factor, Y (%) at 45/0geometry and illuminant D65 using the 1931 CIE 2 standard observ
13、er 75. For highway use, the color shall match Federal Test Standard Number 595b, Color 17886. Yellow: Daytime Luminance factor, Y (%) at 45/0geometry and illuminant D65 using the 1931 CIE 2 standard observer 45. For highway use, the color shall match Federal Test Standard Number 595bColor 13538. For
14、 airport use, the color shall comply with the requirements established by the FAA. The chromaticity and luminance factors shall be within the limits in Table 2 when determined under standard conditions: a) angle of illumination: 45 degrees; b) direction of view: perpendicular to surface (0 degrees);
15、 c) illuminant: CIE standard illuminant D65; and d) standard observer: 1931 CIE 2 degrees. Note 2The chromaticity and luminance factors of ordinary colors and colors of retroreflecting materials shall be determined under the following standard conditions: a) angle of illumination: 45 degrees; b) dir
16、ection of view: perpendicular to surface (0 degrees); c) illuminant: CIE standard illuminant D65; and d) standard observer: 1931 CIE 2 degrees. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4c M 24
17、9-3 AASHTO Table 2CIE Equations Yellow Orange boundary y = 0.130 + 0.636x White boundary y = 0.910 x Green boundary y = 1.35x 0.093 Luminance factor = 0.27 (mnm) White Purple boundary y = x Blue boundary y = 0.610 x Green boundary y = 0.040 + x Yellow boundary y = 0.710 x Luminance factor = 0.35 (mn
18、m) 4.3.2. Drying TimeWhen applied at a temperature range of 211 7C (412.5 12.5F) and thickness of 3.2 to 4.8 mm (125 to 188 mils), the material shall set to bear traffic in not more than 2 min when the air temperature is 10 2C (50 3F) and not more than 10 min when the air temperature is 32 2C (90 3F
19、). 4.3.3. Cracking Resistance at Low TemperatureAfter heating the thermoplastic material for 240 5 min at 218 2C (425 3F), applying to concrete blocks, and cooling 9.4 1.7C (15 3F), the material shall show no cracks. 4.3.4. Impact ResistanceAfter heating the thermoplastic material for 240 5 min at 2
20、18 2C (425 3F) and forming test specimens, the impact resistance shall be a minimum of 1.13 J (10 in.-lb). 4.3.5. Softening PointAfter heating the thermoplastic material for 240 5 min at 218 2C (425 3F) and testing in accordance with ASTM D36/D36M the materials shall have a softening point of 102.5
21、9.5C (215 15F). 4.3.6. FlowabilityAfter heating the thermoplastic material for 240 5 min at 218 2C (425 3F) and testing for flowability, the white thermoplastic shall have a maximum percent residue of 18 and the yellow thermoplastic shall have a maximum percent residue of 21. 4.3.7. Yellowness Index
22、The white thermoplastic material shall not exceed a yellowness index of 0.12. 4.3.8. FlowabilityExtended HeatingAfter heating the thermoplastic material 8.0 0.5 h at 218 2C (425 3F), with stirring the last 6 h, and tested for flowability, the thermoplastic shall have a maximum percent residue of 28.
23、 4.4. Storage LifeThermoplastic material shall meet the above requirements and melt uniformly with no evidence of skins or unmelted particles for a period of 1 year. Any material not meeting the above requirements shall be replaced by the manufacturer. 5. PREQUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS 5.1. The in-pl
24、ace marking material evaluated on a test deck not exposed to snow plowing administered or performed by an authorized testing facility as approved by the National Transportation Product Evaluation Program (NTPEP) shall be capable of maintaining the following minimum retroreflectance value through 180
25、 days of exposure when tested in accordance with ASTM E1710: White 325 mcd/lux/m2 Yellow 200 mcd/lux/m2 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4c M 249-4 AASHTO Note 3Values are based upon u
26、sing a double drop bead application. Note 4DISCLAIMER: Prequalification is intended to determine the acceptability of thermoplastic material based upon field evaluation of the material installed under ideal conditions and exposed to traffic on a controlled field test deck. The user may experience va
27、riable performance in actual striping applications due to improper installation practices, modification of the product, or a defect in the reflective glass beads. Actual performance may also vary dependent upon traffic volume and type of vehicle exposure along with road maintenance procedures associ
28、ated with deicing and snow removal. Note 5For the purpose of inspection and acceptance, the specifying agency may set a contract minimum retroreflectance value at the time of installation as part of the construction specification. 6. APPLICATION PROPERTIES 6.1. The thermoplastic material shall be ca
29、pable of being applied by spraying, screed extrusion, or ribbon extrusion, as specified by the purchaser, at temperatures of 211 7C (412 12.5F) from approved equipment, to produce a line 3.2 to 4.8 mm (125 to 188 mils) thick, which shall be continuous and uniform in shape, having clear and sharp dim
30、ensions, particularly when extruded. 6.2. The material shall not exude fumes that are toxic or injurious to persons or property when it is heated during applications. 6.3. The application of additional surface applied glass beads shall be accomplished by means of a pressurized bead dispenser or by d
31、rop-on methods at a rate specified by the purchaser or manufacturer and agreed to by the applicator. 7. PACKAGING AND MARKING 7.1. Thermoplastic supplied in granular form shall be in white or yellow plastic bags of a suitable size to contain approximately 23 kg (50 lb) and shall be made of a materia
32、l that, when introduced into the mix hopper of the application equipment, will become a part of the mix without any adverse effect to the performance of the thermoplastic material. 7.2. Thermoplastic material supplied in block form shall be approximately 300 by 915 by 51 mm (12 by 36 by 2 in.) and s
33、hall have a mass of approximately 23 kg (50 lb). Block thermoplastic shall be packaged in suitable containers to which it will not adhere during shipment and storage. 7.3. Each container label shall designate the color, manufacturers name, batch number, and date of manufacture. Each batch manufactur
34、ed shall have its own separate number. The label shall specify that the material shall be heated to 211 7C (412 12.5F) during application. 7.4. The contractor shall assume all cost resulting from the use of patented materials, equipment, devices, or processes used on or incorporated in the work, and
35、 agrees to indemnify and save harmless the purchaser and the purchasers duly authorized representatives from all suits at law, or action of every nature for or on account of the use of any patented materials, equipment, devices, or processes. 8. SAMPLING 8.1. The minimum batch size of thermoplastic
36、traffic striping material sampled and tested shall not be less than 1360 kg (3000 lb) unless the total order is less than this amount. Any manufacturer not familiar with the technique of making this material should consult the purchaser. A small trial 2016 by the American Association of State Highwa
37、y and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4c M 249-5 AASHTO batch should be made prior to making the thermoplastic traffic striping material in large quantities, to make certain the finished product will comply with all the requirements of t
38、his specification. 9. TESTING 9.1. The material shall be tested in accordance with T 250 or with the appropriate method in Federal Standard No. 141 or ASTM designation. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.
