1、Pipe with Welded ConnectorsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5C6THIRD EDITION, MAY 2018Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local,state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employe
2、es, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make anywarranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of theinformation contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such u
3、se, of anyinformation or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors,consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every
4、effort has been made by the Institute to assure theaccuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, orguarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss ordamage result
5、ing from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication mayconflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operatingpractices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for ap
6、plying sound engineering judgmentregarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publicationsis not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the mark
7、ing requirements of an API standardis solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent,warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.Users of this standard should not rely exclusively on the in
8、formation contained in this document. Sound business,scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electroni
9、c, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2018 American Petroleum InstituteForewordNothing contained in any API publication is to be cons
10、trued as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for themanufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anythingcontained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.The verb
11、al forms used to express the provisions in this standard are as follows: the term “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the standard; the term “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to thestandard; the term “may” is used
12、 to express permission or a provision that is optional; and the term “can” is used to express possibility or capability.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification andparticipation in the developmental process and is designated as an API stand
13、ard. Questions concerning theinterpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under whichthis publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American PetroleumInstitute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 2000
14、5. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any partof the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-timeextension of up to two years may be added to
15、this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from theAPI Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is publishedannually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the
16、Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW,Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . .
17、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
18、 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、 . . . 24 Materials Information Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.1 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、 . . . . . . 54.2 Pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.3 Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.4 Additional Suggestions and Supplemental Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Welding Procedure Qualification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.1 Written Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.2 Base Metal Groupings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.3 Welding Consumables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.4 Hardness Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.5 Charpy Impact Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.6 Postweld Heat Treatment (PWHT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Welder and Welding Operator Qualification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.1 Testing Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.2 Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Production Welding Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.1 Qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.2 Use of WPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.3 Preheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.4 Fit-up . . . . . . .
29、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.5 Postweld Heat Treatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
30、.6 Welding Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . . . . . . 108.1 Calibration of Measuring and Test Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.2 Connector Squareness and Alignment Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.3 N
32、ondestructive Examination of Weldments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Annex A (normative) Simulated Postweld Heat Treatment (SPWHT) Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Annex B (informative) Suggestions for Ordering Equ
33、ipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Annex C (informative) Supplementary Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19FiguresB.1 Connector Dimensional Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15C.1 Rockwell Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16C.2 Vickers Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17TablesB.1 Purchaser
36、 Supplied Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15vPipe with Welded Connectors 1 Scope 1.1 Purpose This standard provides a practice for facility or field welding of connectors to pipe. The technical content
37、contains guidance and requirements for welding procedure qualification, welder performance qualification, materials, testing, production welding, and inspection. 1.2 Coverage This standard covers the weld fabrication of connectors and handling attachments, such as lift eyes and landing pads, to pipe
38、. This standard also includes practices used within industry and is intended to be analogous to API 6A PSL 1 with additional requirements specific to the equipment fabrication. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated
39、 references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced standard applies (including any addenda/errata). API Specification 2B, Structural Steel Pipe API Specification 5L, Line Pipe API Specification 5L, Line Pipe (46th Edition) API Specification 6A,
40、Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment API Standard 1104, Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities API Standard 20H, Heat Treatment ServicesBatch Type for Equipment Used in the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Aerospace Material Specification 2750, Pyrometry ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
41、Section V, Nondestructive Examination ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division I, Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels ASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications ASTMA370, Standard Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Ste
42、el Products ASTM E10, Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials ASTM E18, Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials ASTM E23, Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials ASTM E92, Standard Test Methods for Vickers Hardness
43、and Knoop Hardness of Metallic Materials 2 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5C6 NACE MR0175/ISO 15156, Petroleum and natural gas industriesMaterials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 1: Method of test at room temperature 3 Te
44、rms and Definitions For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 axial alignment Alignment to within specified tolerances of the connector centerline, to the centerline of the connector at the opposite end of the pipe. NOTE See Section 8 for additional information
45、 on alignment. 3.2 base metal Metal to be welded or cut. 3.3 base metal grouping System used to describe comparable base metal characteristics, such as chemical composition, weldability, thermal processing, and mechanical properties. 3.4 calibration Comparison and adjustment of instruments to a stan
46、dard of known accuracy. 3.5 carbon equivalent Equation where variables are defined by base metal composition. NOTE The result can be used as information to help assess the base metal weldability. 3.6 casing Steel pipe used in oil wells to seal off fluids from the wellbore and to prevent the walls of
47、 the hole from sloughing or caving. 3.7 connector Forging, machined to a geometry to function as a mechanical connection welded to pipe (casing). 3.8 connector parallelism A measure of the connector face or plane with respect to the connector face at the opposite end of the pipe. 3.9 Charpy V-notch
48、Impact testing in accordance with ASTM A370. PIPE WITH WELDED CONNECTORS 3 3.10 discontinuity An interruption of the typical structure of a weldment, such as lack of homogeneity in the mechanical, metallurgical, or physical characteristics. NOTE A discontinuity is not necessarily a defect. 3.11 drif
49、t mandrel A precision dimensioned cylinder sized to pass through or be inserted into the ends of pipe to locate obstructions or to assure compliance with appropriate specifications. NOTE Other drift configurations may be approved by the purchaser. 3.12 fabricator The company responsible for welding. 3.13 grinding Removing material from a pipe surface or weld by abrading, e.g. using a grinding wheel. 3.14 hardness test A measure of the hardness of a metal, as determined by pressing a hard steel ball or diamond penetrant into a smooth surface under standard conditions. NOTE Resu
