1、Technical Report on Capabilities of API FlangesUnder Combinations of LoadAPI TECHNICAL REPORT 6AF THIRD EDITION, SEPTEMBER 2008Technical Report onCapabilities of API Flanges Under Combinations of LoadUpstream SegmentAPI TECHNICAL REPORT 6AF THIRD EDITION, SEPTEMBER 2008Special NotesAPI publications
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11、., Washington, D.C. 20005.Copyright 2008 American Petroleum InstituteForewordNothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither shoul
12、d anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope .
13、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Instructions for Using Rating Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.1 Description of Rating Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.2 Use of Rating Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.3 Discussion of Results with Bolt Makeup Stress = 40,000 psi . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Rating Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Tables1 API Physical Properties and Material Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Flanges Not Meeting ASME Stress Allowables for Makeup Load Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Figures1 Typical Combined Load Capacity Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Load Capacity Results to Use with Example Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732 1/16 in. 2,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 842 9/
19、16 in. 2,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 953 1/8 in. 2,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1064 1/16 in. 2,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with
20、Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1177 1/16 in. 2,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 9 in. 2,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 11 in. 2,000 psi Type 6B Fla
21、nge Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1410 135/8 in. 2,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1511 16 3/4 in. 2,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . .
22、 . . . . . . . 1612 21 1/4 in. 2,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1713 2 1/16 in. 3,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1814 29/16 in. 3,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure
23、 vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1915 3 1/8 in. 3,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 4 1/16 in. 3,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2117
24、 7 1/16 in. 3,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2218 9 in. 3,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2319 11 in. 3,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment
25、with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2420 13 5/8 in. 3,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2521 16 3/4 in. 3,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2622 20 3/4 in. 3,000
26、 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2723 2 1/16 in. 5,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2824 29/16 in. 5,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2925 3 1/8 in. 5,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3026 4 1/16 in. 5,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3127 7 1/16 in. 5,000 psi Type 6B Flange
28、 Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3228 9 in. 5,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3329 11 in. 5,000 psi Type 6B Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . 3430 26 3/4 in. 2,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3531 26 3/4 in. 3,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3632 13 5/8 in. 5,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. B
30、ending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3733 16 3/4 in. 5,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3834 18 3/4 in. 5,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3935 21 1/4 in. 5,0
31、00 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40vPage36 1 13/16 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . 4137 2 1/16 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tensio
32、n . . . . . . . . . . . . 4238 2 9/16 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 4339 3 1/16 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 4440 4 1/16 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore
33、Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 4541 5 1/8 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4642 7 1/16 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 4743 9 i
34、n. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4844 11 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4945 13 5/8 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment w
35、ith Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 5046 16 3/4 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 5147 18 3/4 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 5248 21 1/4 in. 10,000 psi Type 6BX Fl
36、ange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 5349 1 13/16 in. 15,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . 5450 2 1/16 in. 15,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、 5551 2 9/16 in. 15,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 5652 3 1/16 in. 15,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 5753 4 1/16 in. 15,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Mome
38、nt with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 5854 5 1/8 in. 15,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5955 7 1/16 in. 15,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 6056 9 in. 15,000 psi Type 6BX Fl
39、ange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6157 11 in. 15,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6258 13 5/8 in. 15,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . .
40、 . . . . . 6359 18 3/4 in. 15,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 6460 1 13/16 in. 20,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . 6561 2 1/16 in. 20,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Be
41、nding Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 6662 2 9/16 in. 20,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 6763 3 1/16 in. 20,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 6864 4 1/16 in. 20,000 p
42、si Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 6965 7 1/16 in. 20,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 7066 9 in. 20,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . .
43、. . . . . . . . . 7167 11 in. 20,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7268 13 5/8 in. 20,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 7369 1 13/16 in. 30,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Press
44、ure vs. Bending Moment with Tension. . . . . . . . . . . . 7470 2 1/16 in. 30,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 7571 2 9/16 in. 30,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 7672 3 1/16 in.
45、 30,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 7773 4 1/16 in. 30,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . 7874 7 1/16 in. 30,000 psi Type 6BX Flange Bore Pressure vs. Bending Moment with Tension
46、. . . . . . . . . . . . 791Technical Report on Capabilities of API Flanges Under Combinations of Load1 ScopeThis technical report presents the results of analysis work done in PRAC 86-21 to establish the load capacity of all flanges given in the April 1986 Editions of API 6A and API 6AB. A total of
47、69 different geometries were analyzed initially. The various loads considered were: bolt makeup (preload), internal pressure, tension, and bending moment.All 69 flanges were analyzed with an axisymmetric finite element model for each of the four load cases. A post-processor program was written to ca
48、lculate the maximum moment capacity for various levels of pressure and tension, based on linear superposition of results. Three different criteria were used to establish the maximum moment, as follows.a) ASME Section VIII, Division 2 allowable stress categories for the flange with the basic membrane
49、 stress allowable established by API.b) Allowable bolt stresses as established by API.c) Loss of preload on the ring joint. The results of this post-processing are presented in plots of pressure vs. allowable moment for various tension levels in Section 4.There are several limitations to this work which should be understood. First, the effects of transverse shear or torsion were not considered in the analysis. Second, the results are for static loading only. No dynamic, fatigue, or fretting phenomena were considered in these results. Third, no thermal stresses or elevated temperature
