1、Designation: F1106 87 (Reapproved 2012) An American National StandardStandard Specification forWarping Heads, Rope Handling (Gypsy Head, CapstanHead)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1106; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、 in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers warping heads used withwindlass, winch, and capstan dr
3、ive units to pull rope on boardships. Warping heads are primarily for use with fiber rope,natural, or synthetic.1.2 Warping heads with external ribs or whelps on thebarrel, notched flanges, attached storage drums, unfinisheddrums, or non heat-treated fabrications, are considered specialand are permi
4、tted within the scope of this specification whenfully described under special ordering information.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A27/A27M Specification fo
5、r Steel Castings, Carbon, forGeneral ApplicationA36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA53/A53M Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and SeamlessA148/A148M Specification for Steel Castings, HighStrength, for Structural PurposesA501 Specification for Hot
6、-Formed Welded and SeamlessCarbon Steel Structural TubingA724/A724M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates,Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel, Quenched andTempered, for Welded Pressure VesselsA735/A735M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Low-Carbon Manganese-Molybdenum-Columbium AlloySteel, for
7、 Moderate and Lower Temperature ServiceE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials2.2 AWS Standard:D 1.1 Structural Welding Code32.3 ANSI Standard:ASA B 46.1 Surface Texture42.4 Military Standards:Fed-Spec T-R-605 Manila, Three Strand5MIL-R-24050 Nylon, Double Braided53. Definitions o
8、f Terms Specific to This Standard3.1 barrelcylindrical or conical midbody portion of awarping head.3.1.1 DiscussionThe barrel may have a uniform diameterthrough the length or may be tapered from one end to the other.3.2 flangescircumferential rims at the ends of the barrelused to retain wraps of rop
9、e on the barrel portion of thewarping head.3.3 rope contact surfacesportions of the barrel, flanges,and connecting fillets that a rope will contact when led intangent to the barrel and normal to the shaft centerline,wrapped around the barrel, and led away tangent to the barrelas in normal use. (See
10、Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.)3.4 warping head (also known as a gypsy head or capstanhead)cylindrical or conical rotating member to receivemultiple wraps of rope around the circumference of themember and of suitable strength to impart a pulling motion tothe rope by friction contact when the member is rotated.4
11、. Classification4.1 The size of the warping head shall be identified by thenominal barrel diameter measured at the smallest point of thebarrel.4.2 Warping heads under this specification are furnished intwo types as follows:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsa
12、nd Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.03 onOutfitting and Deck Machinery.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F1106 87 (2006).DOI: 10.1520/F1106-87R12.2For referenced A
13、STM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Welding Society, 550 N.W. Le Jeune Rd., Miami,FL 3312
14、6.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.5Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, Washington, DC 20402.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
15、-2959. United States1ADiameter, in.Rope Pull, 1000 lbBDiameter, in.CDiameter, in.DLength, in.ELength, in.Tolerance, in. AConcentricity, in.B6 12.5 8 9116 234 51532141891225.037.51216135818316411657168316103132J38J316151850.075.020242234275166348116131116161332J12J142124100.0125.028323178363897161013
16、16193162178J58J5162730150.0175.0364041151645121231613122431322738J34J383336200.0225.0444850116545814131616316303323278J78J716ATolerance for dimensions A, B, C, D, and E.BConcentricity of rope contact surface and flanges relative to bore.NOTE 11 in. = 25.4 mm.FIG. 1 Type I Warping HeadADiameter, in.R
17、ope Pull, 1000 lbBDiameter, in.CDiameter, in.DLength, in.ELength, in.Tolerance, in. AConcentricity, in.B6 12.5 8 914 234 51532141891225.037.512161315161858411657168316103132J38J316151850.075.02024231427786348116131116161332J12J142124100.0125.0283232916373169716101316193162178J58J5162730150.0175.0364
18、0417846121231613122431322738J34J383336200.0225.04448511855131614131616316303323278J78J716ATolerance for dimensions A, B, C, D, and E.BConcentricity of rope contact surface and flanges relative to bore.NOTE 11 in. = 25.4 mm.FIG. 2 Type II Warping HeadF1106 87 (2012)24.2.1 Type I Warping Head With Cyl
19、indrical BarrelGenerally used in but not restricted to horizontal shaft appli-cations. Also known as a gypsy head (see Fig. 1).4.2.2 Type II Warping Head With a Conical BarrelMounted with the large end of the barrel toward the drivemachinery. Generally used in but not restricted to vertical shaftapp
20、lications. Also known as a capstan head (see Fig. 2).4.3 Warping heads are divided into four grades as follows:4.3.1 Grade 1Fabricated from any combination of struc-tural steel plate, pipe, tubing, or steel castings and joined byelectric welding.4.3.2 Grade 2Cast from mild to medium strength steel.4
21、.3.3 Grade 3Fabricated from any combination of steelplate or steel castings and joined by electric welding. Heattreated to provide a surface hardness (18 in. (3 mm) deep) of200 to 250 Brinell on rope contact surface. Rope contactsurface finished to an average 125- to 160-in. (3175- to4064-mm) finish
22、.4.3.4 Grade 4Cast from high strength steel castings andheat treated to provide a surface hardness (18 in. (3 mm) deep)of 200 to 250 Brinell on rope contact surface. Rope contactsurface finished to an average 125- to 160-in. (3175- to4064-mm) finish.4.4 When required by ordering information, an acce
23、ssorycover will be provided to cover the open end of the warpinghead.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for warping heads under this specification shallinclude the following:5.1.1 Quantity (number),5.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue,5.1.3 Size (barrel diameter),5.1.4 Type (I or II),5.1.5 Grade
24、(1, 2, 3, or 4),5.1.6 As-cast or machined dimensions for warping headbore, hub length and location, hub puller holes, and shaftkeying,5.1.7 Requirement for optional accessory cover on open endof warping head (see 4.4),5.1.8 Special features required (ribs or whelps on barrel,notched flanges, and att
25、ached storage drums), and5.1.9 Product marking (shipping).6. Material and Manufacture6.1 Material for Grade 1 warping heads shall conform toSpecification A36/A36M or Specification A27/A27M forbarrel, flanges, hubs, and structural webs or diaphragms.Materials conforming to Specifications A53/A53M or
26、A501may be used as an alternate for the barrel. Component partsmay be formed by rolling or flanging, and joined by electricwelding in accordance with ASW D1.1. Warping head weld-ment shall be stress relieved.6.2 Material for Grade 2 warping heads shall conform toSpecification A27/A27M annealed.6.3 M
27、aterial for Grade 3 warping heads shall conform toSpecifications A148/A148M, A724/A724M Grade B, or Speci-fication A735/A735M Class 4. Component parts may beformed by casting, rolling or flanging, and joined by electricwelding, in accordance with AWS D1.1. Warping head weld-ment shall be stress reli
28、eved and heat treated for a surfacehardness (18 in. (3 mm) deep) of 200 to 250 Brinell on ropecontact surface, in accordance with hardness Test Method E10.Rope contact surfaces shall be finished in accordance with 8.7.6.4 Material for Grade 4 warping heads shall conform toSpecification A148/A148M qu
29、enched and tempered for asurface hardness (18 in. (3 mm) deep) of 200 to 250 Brinell onrope contact surface in accordance with hardness Test MethodE10. Rope contact surfaces shall be finished in accordance with8.7.6.5 The manufacturers name or identification mark, ASTMspecification number, and patte
30、rn, part, or drawing numbershall be cast molded or die stamped on the warping head, usingminimum12-in. (13-mm) size characters. The marking shallnot be on the rope contact surface and shall be readily availablefor identification on an assembled windlass, winch, or capstan.6.6 Structural webs and dia
31、phragms between the hub andbarrel shall completely seal and void internal portions of thewarping head against the entry of water or provide completeself-drainage and maintenance access to internal portions.When present, voids shall be treated with preservative orprimer paint.6.7 An accessory cover,
32、when required by the purchaseorder, shall be provided to cover the open end of the warpinghead opposite the drive shaft. Material shall be cast or wrought,steel or bronze. The cover shall be flat or domed and attachedwith corrosion-resistant fasteners (brass or monel), withoutprojections that could
33、snag or cut a slack rope and withprovision for locking to prevent loosening under vibration.When the cover forms a void, a gasket shall be provided to sealagainst the entry of water.7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations7.1 Principal dimensions, tolerances, and strength require-ments for Ty
34、pes I and II are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,respectively. These requirements are considered standard andwill govern unless special features are required and described(see 5.1.8).7.2 Commonly acceptable warping head sizes for variousfiber ropes are shown in Table 1 for general guidance only. Theuse o
35、f five wraps when using manila fiber rope is acceptedpractice. Some synthetic fiber ropes, because of reducedfriction, require additional wraps. The equivalent sizes ofsynthetic fiber ropes shown in Table 1 are reduced on the basisof breaking strength and provide additional space on the barrelfor in
36、creased wraps.7.3 The strength of the barrel, flanges, webs, and dia-phragms shall withstand the maximum rope pull shown in Fig.1 and Fig. 2, applied tangent to the barrel, normal to the shaft,at the midpoint of the barrel, and wrapped around the barrel,with the combined stress not exceeding 75 % of
37、 the tensileyield point of the material. Compressive forces on the barrel,torsional shear forces between hub and barrel, and the wedgingF1106 87 (2012)3forces against the flanges, shall be considered. This require-ment does not imply a similar requirement for drive horse-power or brake capacity in t
38、he drive unit.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 Welds shall be extended around ends of members and befree of pockets and irregularities that would tend to trap water.8.2 Welds shall be ground flush to match the surroundingsurface in areas of rope contact.8.3 Component parts, formed by rollin
39、g or flanging, shall bevisually examined during fabrication to ensure freedom fromcracks.8.4 Castings shall be smooth, of fine grain, and free ofcracks, hot tears, and blow holes, detrimental to end use.8.5 Castings shall have all flash material, vents, and gatesremoved and ground flush to match the
40、 surrounding surfaces.8.6 Weldments and castings shall be free of sharp edges andburrs that could cut or snag fiber rope coming in contact withany accessible portion of the rotating warping head.8.7 Rope contact surfaces of Grades 3 and 4 warping headsshall be finished to an average surface roughnes
41、s of 125 to 160in. (3175 to 4064 mm) in accordance with ANSI StandardASA B46.1.NOTE 1Local flaws (holes) no larger than316 in. (4.7 mm) in diameterare acceptable when they have no sharp edges or burrs that would cut fiberrope, providing the total area of flaws (holes) does not exceed 5 % of thetotal
42、 rope contact surface.8.8 Weldments and castings shall be cleaned by sandblasting, shot blast, or equivalent methods to remove all loosescale or slag.9. Inspection9.1 The completed warping head shall be visually inspectedfor workmanship, dimensions, surface hardness (whenapplicable), finish and appe
43、arance, after cleaning.10. Product Marking10.1 ShippingEach warping head, when furnished as aseparate component, shall be marked with the ASTM standarddesignation, type and grade, purchase order, and item number.Product marking shall be by paint or weatherproof tag.11. Packaging and Package Marking1
44、1.1 Warping heads, when furnished as a separatecomponent, shall be crated, skidded, or attached to a pallet ina manner acceptable for handling by common carrier. Whenwarping head is furnished with machined bore or hub, ma-chined surfaces shall be protected against corrosion in openweather storage fo
45、r a period of at least one year.12. Keywords12.1 berthing ship; capstan drive units; capstan head;capstan windlass; gypsyhead; mooring ship; rope handling;warping head winch; warping ship; windlassASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connectio
46、n with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible
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48、eration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Bar
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