1、 ANSI E1.19 - 2015 Recommended Practice for the use of Class A Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) intended for personnel protection in the Entertainment Industry EP/2001-7012r19 This standard was approved as an American National Standard by ANSIs Board of Standards Review on 11 February 2015.
2、 This standard was originally published when the Entertainment Services and Technology Association was operating under the name of PLASA North America. ESTA has reverted to its original name, and this document has been rebranded with the current corporate name and logo. No changes have been made to
3、the contents of the standard. 2017 ESTA ANSI E1.19 2015 EP/2001-7012r19 This page intentionally left blank 2017 ESTA i ANSI E1.19 2015 EP/2001-7012r19 NOTICE and DISCLAIMER ESTA does not approve, inspect, or certify any installations, procedures, equipment or materials for compliance with codes, rec
4、ommended practices or standards. Compliance with a ESTA standard or an American National Standard developed by ESTA is the sole and exclusive responsibility of the manufacturer or provider and is entirely within their control and discretion. Any markings, identification or other claims of compliance
5、 do not constitute certification or approval of any type or nature whatsoever by ESTA. ESTA neither guarantees nor warrants the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein and disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damage or injury of any nature whatsoever, w
6、hether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this document. In issuing and distributing this document, ESTA does not either (a) undertake to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person
7、or entity, or (b) undertake any duty to any person or entity with respect to this document or its contents. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in
8、any given circumstance. Published by: Entertainment Services and Technology Association 630 Ninth Avenue, Suite 609 New York, NY 10036 USA Phone: 1-212-244-1505 Fax: 1-212-244-1502 standardsesta.org 2017 ESTA ii ANSI E1.19 2015 EP/2001-7012r19 The ESTA Technical Standards Program The ESTA Technical
9、Standards Program was created to serve the ESTA membership and the entertainment industry in technical standards related matters. The goal of the Program is to take a leading role regarding technology within the entertainment industry by creating recommended practices and standards, monitoring stand
10、ards issues around the world on behalf of our members, and improving communications and safety within the industry. ESTA works closely with the technical standards efforts of other organizations within our industry as well as representing the interests of ESTA members to ANSI, UL, and the NFPA. The
11、Technical Standards Program is accredited by the American National Standards Institute. The Technical Standards Council (TSC) was established to oversee and coordinate the Technical Standards Program. Made up of individuals experienced in standards-making work from throughout our industry, the Counc
12、il approves all projects undertaken and assigns them to the appropriate working group. The Technical Standards Council employs a Technical Standards Manager to coordinate the work of the Council and its working groups as well as maintain a “Standards Watch” on behalf of members. Working groups inclu
13、de: Control Protocols, Electrical Power, Event Safety, Floors, Fog and Smoke, Followspot Position, Photometrics, Rigging, and Stage Lifts. ESTA encourages active participation in the Technical Standards Program. There are several ways to become involved. If you would like to become a member of an ex
14、isting working group, as have over four hundred people, you must complete an application which is available from the ESTA office. Your application is subject to approval by the working group and you will be required to actively participate in the work of the group. This includes responding to letter
15、 ballots and attending meetings. Membership in ESTA is not a requirement. You can also become involved by requesting that the TSC develop a standard or a recommended practice in an area of concern to you. The Electrical Power Working Group, which authored this Standard, consists of a cross section o
16、f entertainment industry professionals representing a diversity of interests. ESTA is committed to developing consensus-based standards and recommended practices in an open setting. 2017 ESTA iii ANSI E1.19 2015 EP/2001-7012r19 The Technical Standard Program (TSP) is financially supported by ESTA an
17、d by companies and individuals who make undirected donations to the TSP. Contributing companies and individuals who have helped fund the TSP are recognized as “Investors in Innovation.” The Investors in Innovation for the twelve months prior to this standard being published on 28 January 2015 includ
18、e these companies and individuals: VISIONARY ($10,000 AND UP) LDI ProSight Specialty Insurance United States Institute for Theatre Technology INNOVATOR ($3,000 - $9,999) Barbizon Electric ETC Mountain Productions Inc. DEVELOPER ($1,000 - $2,999) Candela Controls Inc Jahn Hardison Stage Equipment ABT
19、T; P; G James Davey; AC Power Distribution Inc.; P; CP George Long; Aggreko Event Services; Aggreko; P; DR Nathan Leonard; Bender Group; Bender GmbH P; MP Stephen (Steve) Brock; Bender ET Inc.; Bender GmbH A; MP Torsten Gruhn; Bender Inc.; Bender GmbH A; MP Matthew Antonucci; Contract Services Admin
20、stration Trust Fund; P; U Larry Schoeneman; DesignLab Chicago, Inc.; P; DR Casey Diers; DesignLab Chicago, Inc.; A; DR Don Earl; Earl Girls, Inc.; P; DR Steve Terry; Electronic Theatre Controls, Inc.; P; MP Elizabeth E. (Lizz) Pittsley; I; U Art Wanuch; Entertainment Electrical Safety Committee of O
21、ntario; P; G Rodger Dean; R. Dean Lighting Limited; Entertainment Electrical Safety Committee of Ontario; A; G Ian Foulds; IATSE Local 873; Entertainment Electrical Safety Committee of Ontario; A; G Ed Garstkiewicz; Harting Inc., North America; Harting KGAA; P; G Howard Forryan; Harting Ltd. ; Harti
22、ng KGAA; A; G Edwin S. Kramer; I.A.T.S.E. Local 1; P; U Roger Lattin; I.A.T.S.E. Local 728; P; U Patric J. Abaravich; I.A.T.S.E. Local 728; A; U R. Bruce Prochal; I.A.T.S.E. Local 728; A; U Alan M. Rowe; I.A.T.S.E. Local 728; A; U Keith S. Woods; Lakhri Impressions Ltd.; IATSE Local 891; P; U Justin
23、 Bennett; I; U Ken Vannice; I; G Tyrone Mellon_Jr.; Lex Products Corp.; P; CP Bob Luther; Lex Products Corp.; A; CP Brian Eustace; Mole-Richardson Co.; P; CP Michael G. Davis ; Mole-Richardson Co.; A; CP Gregory Quinkert; Motion Laboratories; P; MP Michael Lay; Philips Color Kinetics; Royal Philips;
24、 P; MP Nehad El-Sherif; Littelfuse; Startco; P; MP Jerry Gorrell; Theatre Safety Programs; P; U Mitch Hefter; USITT; P; U Observer members: Greg Mayberry; AC Power Distribution Inc.; O; CP Richard Cadena; Academy of Production Technology; O; G Kenny Delahoussaye; Aggreko; O; DR Mike Skinner; CBS Stu
25、dio Center; Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers; O; U Andr Broucke; O; G Arnold Tang; Arnold Tang Productions; O; G Jiantong Wu; Beijing Special Engineering Design O; G 2017 ESTA vi ANSI E1.19 2015 EP/2001-7012r19 Kevin OBrien; Bestek Lighting O; U Lee J. Bloch; Bloch Design Group, I
26、nc.; O; G Ford Sellers; Chauvet Lighting; O; MP Marty Lazarus; Chicago Spotlight, Inc.; O; DR Eric Bouchard; Cirque du Soliel; O; CP Dave Lester; Clair Global; O; U Wayne Kowalski; Coleman Cable Inc.; O; MP Edward R. Condit; O; U Trevor Forrest; Helvar Lighting Control; O; MP Pat Miller; Hubbell Wir
27、ing Devices; Hubbell Inc. ; O; MP Simon Hunt; IATSE Local 891; O; U John (Javid) D. Butler; Integrated Theatre, Inc.; O; CP Jared Saltzman; O; U Jose J. Flores; Kino Flo, Inc.; O; MP Bill Grande; Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc.; O; MP Jim Digby; The Collaborative Endeavor Group; Linkin Park Touring/
28、The Collective; O; U Louis Bradfield; O; U Jim Holladay; Luxence; O; G Hiroshi Kita; Marumo Electric Co., Ltd.; O; MP Michael J. Carnaby; Mikan Theatricals; O; DR Vincent J. Cannavale; Motion Laboratories; O; CP Peter Herrmann; Motion Laboratories; O; CP David Herrmann; Motion Laboratories; O; CP Na
29、tti Pierce-Thomson; North American Theatre Technology; O; U Marsha DuBois; Pintech Stage Connectors, Inc.; O; CP Steve DuBois; Pintech Stage Connectors, Inc.; O; CP Ron Bonner; PLASA Technical Resources Office; PLASA EU; O; U William Drake; Marinco; Power Products, LLC; O; MP Paul F. Mardon; Pulsar
30、Ltd.; O; MP Richard B. Glickman; Gliconen Corporation; Rosco Laboratories; O; MP Jeremy Day; Philips Color Kinetics; Royal Philips; O; MP Robert Timmerman; Philips Color Kinetics; Royal Philips; O; MP Robert Barbagallo; Solotech Inc.; O; DR Stephen Vanciel; O; U Kaleb Best; Tait Towers; O; MP Reuben
31、 Goldberg; Technic Services; O; U Jonny Starr; TMB; O; MP Colin Waters; TMB; O; DR Charles (Chuck) Kurten; Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.; O; G Richard Wolpert; Union Connector Company; O; CP Jeff T. Miller; Worldwide Standards and Auditing; Walt Disney Company; O; U William L. Maiman; O; U 2017 ES
32、TA vii ANSI E1.19 2015 EP/2001-7012r19 Table of Contents 1 Scope and Exclusions 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Exclusions . 1 1.2.1 Ground Fault Protection of Equipment 1 1.2.2 Residual Current Devices (RCDs) and Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (ELCBs) 1 2 Definitions . 1 3 Entertainment industry application type
33、s defined . 2 4 Class A GFCI products . 2 4.1 Response time 2 4.2 Types of products 3 4.2.1 Listed GFCI circuit breakers 3 4.2.2 Listed GFCI duplex receptacles. 3 4.2.3 Listed GFCI portable adapters, 15-100 ampere 120-240 VAC single or three phase 3 4.2.4 Listed portable power distribution units wit
34、h GFCI 4 4.2.5 Listed GFCI quad strings . 4 4.3 Applications on Specialty Circuits . 4 4.3.1 GFCI outlets on dimmed circuits 4 4.3.2 GFCIs feeding electronic ballasts 4 5 Where to place GFCI protection . 5 5.1 Wet Locations . 5 5.2 Where not to use Class A GFCI devices 5 6 Specific Recommendations f
35、or Entertainment Industry applications . 5 6.1 Places of assembly . 5 6.2 Theatres 5 6.2.1 Stage areas indoors . 5 6.2.2 Covered stages outdoors . 5 6.2.4 GFCI protection for dimmers . 5 6.3 Carnivals, circuses, fairs and similar events . 5 6.4 Motion picture and television studios, and Similar Loca
36、tions . 6 6.4.1 Wet Locations (Indoors and Outdoors) 6 7 Successful implementation of a Class A GFCI system 6 7.1 Placement of GFCI units relative to the load 6 7.2 Preventive maintenance 6 7.3 Test electrical installations for ground-fault leakage . 6 7.3.1 Off-line testing 6 7.3.2 On-line measurin
37、g and monitoring 6 7.4 Inspecting and testing cords and cables . 7 8 Testing the GFCI installation 7 2017 ESTA viii ANSI E1.19 2015 EP/2001-7012r19 1 Scope and Exclusions 1.1 Scope The scope of this document is to recommend a practice for the safe use of Class A Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GF
38、CIs) on 120-240 VAC single and three phase 60 Hz circuits with current ratings of 100 ampere or below where the voltage to ground does not exceed 150 VAC (hereinafter referred to as 15 to 100 ampere, 120-240 VAC, single and three phase circuits). GFCIs are used for personnel protection in entertainm
39、ent applications encompassing places of assembly; the production of film, video, and broadcast; theatrical productions; carnivals; circuses; fairs; and similar events in North America. Informational Note: Systems that are 230 VAC to ground (e.g., European power systems) are outside of the scope of t
40、he class A GFCI Standard (UL 943) so they are outside the scope of this E1.19 Recommended Practice. 1.2 Exclusions 1.2.1 Ground Fault Protection of Equipment Ground Fault Protection of Equipment are designed to provide protection of equipment from line to ground fault currents by disconnecting all u
41、ngrounded conductors on a circuit where such a fault occurs. This protection is provided at fault current levels higher than those for GFCI protection for personnel. Ground Fault Protection is equipment protection not personnel protection and ground fault protection of equipment shall not be used an
42、ywhere in place of Class A GFCI protection where GFCI protection is required or desired. 1.2.2 Residual Current Devices (RCDs) and Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (ELCBs) Residual Current Devices (RCDs) and Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (ELCBs) are terms used for circuit protection devices commonly
43、used in Europe, Australia and other countries. These devices are considered personnel protection in some countries but not in the USA or Canada and do not meet the requirements of Class A GFCI for personnel protection. RCDs and ELCBs shall not be used to provide Class A GFCI protection for personnel
44、. Informational Note: RCD and ELCBs can be used to mitigate ground fault risks on circuits where GFCIs are not required. These devices have higher trip thresholds and are frequently rated for higher voltages that would be outside of the scope UL 943, the GFCI standard. 2 Definitions 2.1 Class A GFCI
45、: A device whose function is to provide personnel protection by de-energizing a circuit, or portion thereof when the fault current to ground exceeds 6 milliamps within a period of time established by the GFCI Standard. GFCI products that meet these requirements are referred to by Nationally Recogniz
46、ed Testing Laboratories (NRTLs) as Class A GFCIs. 2.2 Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL): An organization that is recognized by the United States Department of Labors Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in accordance with the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.7 “Definition an
47、d Requirements for a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory” that accepts equipment or materials and tests for safety, lists and labels accordingly. The equivalent status in Canada is a Standards Council of Canada Accredited Certification Body. 2.3 NEMA: National Electrical Manufacturers Associati
48、on. 2.4 Underwriters Laboratories (UL): A Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory that also writes safety standards through an open standards process. 2017 ESTA 1 ANSI E1.19 2015 EP/2001-7012r19 2.5 Class A GFCI Standard: The harmonized, tri-national Standard for construction and testing of Class A
49、 GFCIs. The document was issued jointly by ANCE in Mexico as NMX J 520, CSA in Canada as CSA C22.2 No. 144.1-06 and in the United States by UL as UL 943. The Standard is accepted by Mexico, the Canadian Electrical Code and the US National Electrical Code (NFPA 70). 2.6 Listed: Equipment or materials included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of products and whose listing states that either the equipment, or material meets appropriate designated standards or has bee
