1、 INCITS/ISO 19128-2010 Geographic information - Web map server interface (identical national adoption of ISO 19128:2005) INCITS/ISO 19128-2010 PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be
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4、 bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard. Date of ANSI Approval: 9/28/2010 Published by Am
5、erican National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036 Copyright 2010 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). All rights reserved. These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), International Electrotechnical
6、 Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). Not for resale. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertainin
7、g to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. Printed in the United States of America ii ITIC 2010 All rights reserved INCITS/ISO 19128-2010 ITIC 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Conformance .1 2.1 Conformance
8、classes and requirements1 2.2 Basic WMS .1 2.3 Queryable WMS .1 3 Normative references1 4 Terms and definitions .2 5 Abbreviated terms.3 6 Basic service elements.4 6.1 Introduction4 6.2 Version numbering and negotiation4 6.3 General HTTP request rules .5 6.4 General HTTP response rules 7 6.5 Numeric
9、 and Boolean values .7 6.6 Output formats.8 6.7 Coordinate systems 8 6.8 Request parameter rules 12 6.9 Common request parameters 13 6.10 Service result .14 6.11 Service exceptions14 7 Web Map Service operations .14 7.1 Introduction14 7.2 GetCapabilities (mandatory) 14 7.3 GetMap (mandatory)25 7.4 G
10、etFeatureInfo (optional)31 Annex A (normative) Conformance tests.34 Annex B (normative) CRS Definitions 37 Annex C (normative) Handling multi-dimensional data44 Annex D (normative) Web Map Service profile of ISO 8601 .50 Annex E (normative) XML Schemas .52 Annex F (normative) UML model.63 Annex G (i
11、nformative) Web Mapping Examples 68 Annex H (informative) XML examples.71 Bibliography76 INCITS/ISO 19128-2010 iv ITIC 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of pre
12、paring International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
13、 liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task
14、 of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention
15、 is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 19128 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics, from a base docume
16、nt supplied by the Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. INCITS/ISO 19128-2010 ITIC 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction A Web Map Service (WMS) produces maps of spatially referenced data dynamically from geographic information. This International Standard defines a “map” to be a portrayal of geographi
17、c information as a digital image file suitable for display on a computer screen. A map is not the data itself. WMS-produced maps are generally rendered in a pictorial format such as PNG, GIF or JPEG, or occasionally as vector-based graphical elements in Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) or Web Computer
18、 Graphics Metafile (WebCGM) formats. This International Standard defines three operations: one returns service-level metadata; another returns a map whose geographic and dimensional parameters are well-defined; and an optional third operation returns information about particular features shown on a
19、map. Web Map Service operations can be invoked using a standard web browser by submitting requests in the form of Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). The content of such URLs depends on which operation is requested. In particular, when requesting a map the URL indicates what information is to be shown
20、 on the map, what portion of the Earth is to be mapped, the desired coordinate reference system, and the output image width and height. When two or more maps are produced with the same geographic parameters and output size, the results can be accurately overlaid to produce a composite map. The use o
21、f image formats that support transparent backgrounds (e.g. GIF or PNG) allows underlying maps to be visible. Furthermore, individual maps can be requested from different servers. The Web Map Service thus enables the creation of a network of distributed map servers from which clients can build custom
22、ized maps. Illustrative examples of map request URLs and their resulting maps are shown in Annex G. This International Standard applies to a Web Map Service instance that publishes its ability to produce maps rather than its ability to access specific data holdings. A basic WMS classifies its geogra
23、phic information holdings into “Layers” and offers a finite number of predefined “Styles” in which to display those layers. This International Standard supports only named Layers and Styles, and does not include a mechanism for user-defined symbolization of feature data. NOTE The Open Geospatial Con
24、sortium (OGC) Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD) specification 6 defines a mechanism for user-defined symbolization of feature data instead of named Layers and Styles. In brief, an SLD-enabled WMS retrieves feature data from a Web Feature Service 7 and applies explicit styling information provided by the
25、 user in order to render a map. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD INCITS/ISO 19128-2010 ITIC 2010 All rights reserved 1Geographic information Web map server interface 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the behaviour of a service that produces spatially referenced maps dynamically from geographic
26、 information. It specifies operations to retrieve a description of the maps offered by a server to retrieve a map, and to query a server about features displayed on a map. This International Standard is applicable to pictorial renderings of maps in a graphical format; it is not applicable to retriev
27、al of actual feature data or coverage data values. 2 Conformance 2.1 Conformance classes and requirements This International Standard defines two conformance classes, one for a basic WMS, and the other for a queryable WMS. Each has two subclasses, one for clients and the other for servers. 2.2 Basic
28、 WMS A basic WMS shall support the basic service elements (see Clause 6), the GetCapabilities operation (see 7.2), and the GetMap operation (see 7.3). To conform to this International Standard, a basic WMS shall satisfy the requirements of A.1 of the Abstract Test Suite in Annex A. 2.3 Queryable WMS
29、 A queryable WMS shall satisfy all the requirements for a basic WMS, and shall also support the GetFeatureInfo operation (see 7.4). To conform to this International Standard, a queryable WMS shall satisfy all requirements of the Abstract Test Suite in Annex A. 3 Normative references The following re
30、ferenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 8601:2004, Data elements and interchange formats Information
31、interchange Representation of dates and times ISO 19111, Geographic information Spatial referencing by coordinates ISO 19115:2003, Geographic information Metadata EPSG (February 2003), European Petroleum Survey Group Geodesy Parameters, Lott, R., Ravanas, B., Cain, J., Simonson, G, and Nicolai, R.,
32、eds., available at IETF RFC 2045 (November 1996), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies, Freed, N. and Borenstein, N., eds., available at INCITS/ISO 19128-2010 2 ITIC 2010 All rights reservedIETF RFC 2396 (August 1998), Uniform Resource Identifiers
33、(URI): Generic Syntax, Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, N., and Masinter, L., eds., available at IETF RFC 2616 (June 1999), Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP/1.1, Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H., Masinter, L., Leach, P., and Berners-Lee, T., eds., available at UCUM, Unified Code for Units of Measure, Sc
34、hadow, G. and McDonald, C.J. (eds.), version 1.5 XML 1.0, Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0, World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation, Bray, T., Paoli, J., Sperberg-McQueen, C.M., and Maler, E., eds., available at XML Schema, XML Schema Part 1: Structures, World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation
35、, Thompson, H.S., Beech, D., Maloney, M., and Mendelsohn, N., eds., available at 4 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 4.1 client software component that can invoke an operation from a server 4.2 coordinate reference system coordinate s
36、ystem that is related to the real world by a datum ISO 19111 4.3 coordinate system set of mathematical rules for specifying how coordinates are to be assigned to points ISO 19111 4.4 geographic information information concerning phenomena implicitly or explicitly associated with a location relative
37、to the Earth ISO 19101 4.5 interface named set of operations that characterize the behaviour of an entity ISO 19119 4.6 layer basic unit of geographic information that may be requested as a map from a server 4.7 map portrayal of geographic information as a digital image file suitable for display on
38、a computer screen 4.8 operation specification of a transformation or query that an object may be called to execute ISO 19119 INCITS/ISO 19128-2010 ITIC 2010 All rights reserved 34.9 portrayal presentation of information to humans ISO 19117 4.10 request invocation of an operation by a client 4.11 res
39、ponse result of an operation returned from a server to a client 4.12 server a particular instance of a service 4.13 service distinct part of the functionality that is provided by an entity through interfaces ISO 14252 4.14 service metadata metadata describing the operations and geographic informatio
40、n available at a server 5 Abbreviated terms CDATA XML Character Data CRS Coordinate Reference System CS Coordinate System DCP Distributed Computing Platform DTD Document Type Definition EPSG European Petroleum Survey Group GIF Graphics Interchange Format GIS Geographic Information System HTTP Hypert
41、ext Transfer Protocol IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IERS International Earth Rotation Service IETF Internet Engineering Task Force ITRF International Terrestrial Reference Frame ITRS IERS Terrestrial Reference System INCITS/ISO 19128-2010 4 ITIC 2010 All rights reservedJPEG Joint Photogra
42、phic Experts Group MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions NAD North American Datum OGC Open GIS Consortium PNG Portable Network Graphics RFC Request for Comments SVG Scalable Vector Graphics UCUM Unified Code for Units of Measure URL Uniform Resource Locator WebCGM Web Computer Graphics Metafile
43、 WCS Web Coverage Service WFS Web Feature Service WGS World Geodetic System WMS Web Map Service XML Extensible Markup Language 6 Basic service elements 6.1 Introduction This clause specifies aspects of Web Map Server behaviour that are independent of particular operations or are common to several op
44、erations. 6.2 Version numbering and negotiation 6.2.1 Version number form and value The Web Map Service (WMS) defines a protocol version number. The version number applies to the XML schema and the request encodings defined in this International Standard. The version number contains three non-negati
45、ve integers, separated by decimal points, in the form “x.y.z”. The numbers “y” and “z” shall not exceed 99. Implementations of this International Standard shall use the value “1.3.0” as the protocol version number. 6.2.2 Version number changes The protocol version number shall be changed with each r
46、evision of this International Standard. The number shall increase monotonically and shall comprise no more than three integers separated by decimal points, with the first integer being the most significant. There may be gaps in the numerical sequence. Some numbers may denote draft versions. Servers
47、and their clients need not support all defined versions, but shall obey the negotiation rules below. INCITS/ISO 19128-2010 ITIC 2010 All rights reserved 56.2.3 Appearance in requests and in service metadata The version number shall appear in at least two places: in the service metadata and in the pa
48、rameter list of client requests to a server. The version number used in a clients request of a particular server shall be equal to a version number which that server has declared it supports (except during negotiation, as described below). A server may support several versions, whose values clients
49、may discover according to the negotiation rules. 6.2.4 Version number negotiation A WMS client may negotiate with a server to determine a mutually agreeable protocol version. Negotiation is performed using the GetCapabilities operation (described in 7.2) according to the following rules. All service metadata shall include a protocol version number and shall comply with the XML DTD or Schema defined for that version. In respo
