1、 55 074 J “SON CONTR 8 LS Heres news thats bound to be the talk of the industry. The MetasYs? Fac7ity Management System can now control systems from Honey- well, Robertshaw, Barber- Colman and Landis I southern city like Atlantn :ivcr;igcs just 2 I hours a yeaI at OYF to 00F. The other 00.7% ol potc
2、iitiiil chillcr operating c II t cri ng con de II se r wate r t e iii pe t;i t ti re j . IlOLIrs arc: pent at off-dcsign corldilioii- witli Iovcr loads illid IOWCI. INTERNATIONAL lxg i iicc ri iig A ir (oiid i i ioii i iig lot Ille 2 Il (eiiiiity (Circle No 5 on Reader Service Card) Page 23: Olympic
3、 Update Page 39: Controlled Climate Page 48: Meeting Preview Departments 6 Commentary 9 Industry News 14 Letters 16 Washington Report 18 International Forum 20 Meetings and Shows 23 Olympic Update 25 People 58 Standards 64 Literature 66 Products 68 Classified Advertising 72 Advertising Index 72A Rea
4、der Service Card The Front Cover The cover photograph shows the Aquatic Center at Georgia Tech, a 1996 Olympics venue. This site was selected by the DOE to showcase the latest in .renewable energy technology. It has the worlds largest roof- mounted photovoltaic system. See story starting on Page 23.
5、 ASHRAE“ Journal (SSN-0001-2491) PUBLISHED MONTHLY, Copyright 1996 by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engi- neers Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle N.E Atlanta, GA 30329. Sec- ond class postage paid at Atlanta, Georgia, and additional mailing offices. CHANGE OF ADDRESS mus
6、t be received at subscription office eight weeks before effective date. Send both old and new addresses for the change. MISSION STATEMENT-ASHRAE Journal reviews current HVACBR technology of broad interest through publication of application-oriented articles. ASHRAE Journals editorial content ranges
7、from back-to-basics features to reviews of emerging technologies, covering lhe entire spectrum of pro- fessional interest from design and construction practices to 27 35 39 43 48 60 Features Ozone Application for Cooling Tower Water By Richard J. Strittmatter, Bo Yang, and Donald A. Johnson Technolo
8、gy Award Case Study: Evaporative Cooling System for Remote Medical Center By Dennis Beaudin Technology Award Case Study: Controlled Climate for Preserving Art By Mark C. Scott Water Loop Design for Ground- Coupled Heat Pumps By Steve Kavanaugh ASHRAE Annual Meeting Preview Product Roundup Filters :o
9、mmissioning and the service life of HVAC $79 (includes postage for WBLICATION DISCLAIMER-ASHRAE has compiled this 9ublication with care, but ASHRAE has not investigated and ASHRAE expressly disclaims any duty to investigate, any product, service, process, procedure, design. or the like which may be
10、described herein. The appearance of any tech- nical data editorial material, or advertisement in this publica- tion does not constitute endorsement, warranty, or guaranty by ASHRAE of any product, service, process, procedure, design, or the like, ASHRAE does not warrant that the infor- mation this p
11、ublication is free of errors, and ASHRAE does not necessarily agree with any statement or opinion in this publication is assumed by the user. SUBSCRIPTIONS-$8 per single copy (includes postage and handling on mail orders). Subscriptions for members $6 per Canadian). $149 international (includes air
12、mail). Member- ship subscriptions have a common June expiration. Non- member subscriptions mayvar. Payment (USfunds) required with all orders. POSTMASTER: Send form 3579 to: ASHRAE Journal, 1791 Tullie Circle N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329 LETTERS/MANUSCRIPTS-Letters to the editor and manu- scripts lor pub
13、lication should be sent to: William R. Coker, Editor, ASHRAEJoufnal, i791 Tuliie Circle N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329 MICROFILM-This publications microfilmed by University Microfilms, inc.(UMI), 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 481 06. For information on cost and issues available, you may contact UM1 at
14、 313-761-4700. 4 ASHRAE Journal May 1996 ASHRAE TITLE*JOURN 38-5*UPMS 96 0757650 0523560 431 Protection that moves with you, no matter where you go. A simple idea really The problem is a familiar one. Switch jobs, and you have to work out a new insurance plan. Well, as a member of ASHME, you dont ha
15、ve to put up with that. You see, one of the best ASHRAE member benefits is that you can get outstanding insurance that you take with you-to your next job. No getting acquainted with another insurance company No relearning paperwork and procedures. Our group rates are competitive. And because we unde
16、rstand your lifestyle, we can customize a plan that fits. (202) 457-6820, between 8:30 a.m. and 5:30 p.m. eastern time. Now that was easy, wasnt it? To speak with a customer service representative, call 1 800 424-9883, or in Washington, DC E ASHRAE Insurance Term Life Dicability Income Protection Co
17、mprehensive Healthcare Ekess Major Medical In-Hospital figh-hnit Accident Medicare Supplement InCurance The term life and comprehensive healthcare plans are underwritten by the New York Life Insurance Company 51 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10010. (Circle No. 6 on Reader Service Card) ASHRAE JOURNAL
18、 1791 Tullie Circle N.E. Atlanta, Georgia 30329-2305 ASHRAE Home Page http:/www.achrae.org 404-636-8400 FAX 404-321 -5478 Controlling the Environment Through Knowledge EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT/PUBLISHER Frank M. Coda PUBLISHING DIRECTOR W. Stephen Comstock EDITORIAL EDITOR William R. Coker e-mail bc
19、okerashrae.org MANAGING EDITOR Fred Turner e-mail fturnerashrae.org ASSOCIATE EDITOR Shannon E. Powers-Jones e-mail spowersashrae.org WASHINGTON BUREAU J.E. Cox, P.E., Ph.D. Charles R. Mir e-mail washofcashrae.org PUBLISHING SERVICES PUBLISHING SERVICES MANAGER Scott A. Zeh GRAPHICS SusanBoughadou T
20、YPOGRAPHY Kellie M. Frady Stefan R. Moore Nancy F. Thysell _ CIRCULATION CIRCULATION MANAGER Phyllis Maurer ADVERTISING ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER Edwin F. Farley ADVERTISING PRODUCTION MANAGER Irene F. Eggeling ASHRAE OFFICERS PRESIDENT Richard B. Hayter, P.E., Ph.D. PRESIDENT-ELECT James E. Hill, Ph.D. T
21、REASURER Donald E. Holte, P.Eng. VICE PRESIDENTS Harley W. Goodman, Jr., P.E. George A. Jackins, P.E. Laurance S. Sta les, Jr. James E. Carrier Corp. of Syracuse, N.Y.; and the U.S. Air Forces Phillips Laboratory at Ed- wards AFB, Calif. The teams engineers are developing hydrostatic bearings that c
22、an replace the current rolling-element bearings used in rocket engines, and the hydrodynamic journal bearings used in air-conditioner chiller units. Hydrostatic bearings use the working fluid pumped into the small clearance between the bearing and shaft. The fluid enters from six or more openings ar
23、ound the perimeter, which keeps the shaft centered and reduces friction. According to ARPA, the combined use of hydrostatic bearings and ozone- friendly refrigerants could reduce the annual use of lubricating oil by 72,000 gallons. Currently, oil is used to ensure proper lubrication of the refrigera
24、nt compressors gears and bearings. But the oil contaminates refrigerants and re- duces heat transfer efficiency. In addition to reducing rehgerant con- tamination and improving heat transfer ef- ficiency, hydrostatic bearing also could minimize mechanical energy losses, reduce fabrication and assemb
25、ly costs, eliminate Landis for above-average pay and benefits, and lack of turnover; for sales that have increased ten fold since 1991; and for other factors. Inter-city Improves Process LEWISBURG, Tenn.-Inter-city has in- vested $3.5 million to improve the as- sembly line at the companys Lewisburg
26、plant which manufactures Arcocaire and Comfortmaker air conditioners. Among other changes, the coil produc- tion is now adjacent to the assembly line. The process reduces handling and allow coils to be brazed after they are formed. Johnson Wins School Pact MILWAUKEE-Johnson Controls re- cently won a
27、 $3.1 million contract with Kildeer Countryside School District 96 in Buffalo Grove, Ill. The performance- based, 10-year contract is for five schools. It covers support services for operation and management, and pre- ventive maintenance. Refrigerant Passes Test PHILADELPHIA-Elf Atochem North Americ
28、a has announced that Embraco has approved ForeneB 409A (FX-56) refrigerant for use in retrofit applica- tions in “EM” and “F” series compres- sors. Embraco is one of the worlds largest compressor makers. The compa- ny said 409A has passed all tests and is an acceptable replacement for existing R-12
29、systems. GTS Energy Adds Division TULSA, Okla.-GTS Energy has formed a manufacturing division and now making GTS DH Series Thermal Fluid Heaters and wood-fired heaters in a facility in Tulsa. CEO Peter Fuchshu- ber said GTS can now control all phases of production, from design to start-up. GTS speci
30、alizes in turn-key energy sys- tems. GET THE SOURCEBOOK! 1-%29- World leader in Test, Measurement and ontrol For product information and current pricing use our FAX ON DEMAND seM ai INS TRUMEN TS Instrumentation 1-800-365-0147 (Circle No. 9 on Reader Service Card) 12 c r in infrared khndogy for he i
31、nduMal on milhry deb. (Circle No. 10 on Reader Service Card) ASHRAE Journal May 1996 ASHRAE TITLE*JOURN 38-5*UPMS 96 0759650 052L5b 722 ABBs Donovan Dies in Crash with Ron Brown NORWALK, CON.-Robert E. Dono- van, president and chief executive officer of ABB Inc., died on April 3, while on a mission
32、to Bosnia with Secretary of Com- merce Ron Brown. He was 54 and lived in Fairfield, Com Donovan was named president and chief executive of- , I ficer of ABB Inc. in January 1994. In ad- dition to being CEO of ABB Inc., he was executive vice pres- ident of ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd., Zurich, in which
33、 ca- pacity he oversaw the Groups opera- tions in the Americas. He was based in Norwalk, Conn. As president of ABB in the United States, Donovan was instrumental in . promoting exports to Eastern Europe, China and the Far East. As head of its Americas region operations, he also di- rected an integra
34、tion and expansion of the companys trade throughout North and South America. Donovan had also been the president of ABB Power Plant Systems, ABBs U.S. boiler and turbine operations. He joined ABB in 1992 after two years at Foster Wheeler, Perryville, N.J., as vice president and group executive of it
35、s En- ergy Equipment Group, with responsi- bility for companies in the United States, Canada and Spain. Before that he spent 17 years at Babcock and Wilcox. An alumnus of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, Donovan spent ten years in the U.S. Army Corps of En- gineers, with assignments in the U
36、nited States, Thailand and Vietnam, and re- tired as a lieutenant colonel in 1991. He held a masters degree in nuclear engi- neering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is survived by his wife, Margaret Fitzsimmons Donovan, of Fairfield, and by two children: Kevin Edward, 29, of Toronto,
37、and Kara Siobhan, 25, of Ak- ron, Ohio. Meadowland Contract Is Honeywell Record MINNEAPOLIS-The governing body of the Meadowlands Sports Complex in New Jersey recently signed an ener- gy retrofit agreement with Honeywell thats worth almost $45 million, the largest amount in Honeywell Home and Buildi
38、ng Control history. The 750-acre complex includes the 76,000-seat Giants Stadium, the 40,000-seat Meadowlands Racetrack, the 21,000-seat Continental Airlines Arena, and about 26 ancillary facilities. The 15-year contract provides for updating and retrofitting the facilities heating, cooling and ligh
39、ting systems, and upgrading the existing building management systems to the Honeywell EXCEL 5000( direct digital control system. As part of the agreement, Hon- eywell will convert the facilities elec- tric heating and cooling to natural gas, garnering utility incentives that will create an annual re
40、venue stream for up to 15 vem. Thermal Care introduces the new FC 4000 Series Cooling Tower. Now you can get the same great features and performance of our proven FC 5000 Series tower in an all new lower tonnage FC 4000 Series version. All FC Towers feature one-piece, fiberglass, leak-proof basins,
41、permanently lubricated motor bearings and totally nonferrous construc- tion. In addition, Thermal Care offers an exclusive 5-year warranty on the entire tower including the motor. CTI Certified Call Thermal Care at THERMAL (847) 966-2260, ext. 2900, or # fax (847) 966-9358 for a free CARE4 FC Tower
42、brochure. ASHRAE Journal May 1996 (Circle No. 11 on Reader Sewice Card) 13 ASHRAE TITLE*JOURN 38-5*UPHS 96 m 0759650 05215b9 bb9 m Condenser Water Flow Rates This is a response to Wayne Kirsners article, “3 GPM/Ton Condenser Water Flow Rate: Does It Waste Energy?” (ASHRAE Journal, February 1996). Th
43、e article makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of how chiller opera- tion is affected by changing condenser water flow rate. Kirsner refers to three prior ASH- RAE articles and papers on this sub- ject, all of which concluded that conventional condenser flow rates of 3 gpm per ton are
44、not economically justi- fied, and that the use of lower flow rates will result in lower total owning and operating costs. Kirsners article con- cludes that 2 gpm per ton or 1.5 gpm per ton does not necessarily result in the lower power consumption. My comment is that his criteria is power consumptio
45、n only, whereas the papers he compares his results to considered total owning and operating (life cycle) costs, not just power consumption. As a result, his findings are not comparable. I would hope that Kirsner will apply his considerable talents to a sequel which considers total life cycle costs,
46、which is the normal criteria for system selec- tion. Since the referenced articles were published, advances in chiller design, revised electric demand charges and use of different refrigerants have made a contemporary update appropriate. (I am the author of the January 1988 ASHRAE Journal article wh
47、ich was the earliest of the three references quoted by Kirsner). Kirsner states that, for short-coupled systems, 3 gpm per ton has lower peak energy draw (demand) than 2 gpm per ton. I do not disagree with that statement as far as it goes. I would only comment again that energy is only part of the s
48、tory. My 1988 findings were that 2 and even 1.5 gpm per ton resulted in lower total owning and operating cost. I would invite Kirsner to expand his study to consider total life cycle costs. Kirsners methodology of reselecting sizes of cooling tower, piping and pumps for varying flow rates results in
49、 uneconomical selections of equipment. He does not seek optimal combinations that result in best use of resources, or that result in authentic comparisons between one flow rate and the other. To illustrate this point, I will comment below upon how he re-sizes the cooling tower as he reduces condenser flow rates. I have similar quibbles about his re-sizing of piping and pumps, but will omit detailed review of these items in order to keep down the length of this dis- cussion. In re-sizing the cool
