1、Designation: A 252 98 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Specification forWelded and Seamless Steel Pipe Piles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 252; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers nominal (average) wa
3、ll steelpipe piles of cylindrical shape and applies to pipe piles inwhich the steel cylinder acts as a permanent load-carryingmember, or as a shell to form cast-in-place concrete piles.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathem
4、aticalconversions of the values in inch-pound units to values in SIunits.1.3 The text of this specification contains notes and foot-notes that provide explanatory material. Such notes and foot-notes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain anymandatory requirements.1.4 The following pr
5、ecautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 16 of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety problems,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices
6、and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel Products2A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel Products2A 941 Terminology Relatin
7、g to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys3E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications43. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of terms used in this specifica-tion shall be in accordance with Terminology A 941.3.1.1 defectan
8、imperfection of sufficient size or magni-tude to be cause for rejection.3.1.2 imperfectionany discontinuity or irregularity foundin the pipe.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall containinformation concerning as many of the following items as arerequired to de
9、scribe the desired material adequately:4.1.1 Quantity (feet or number of lengths),4.1.2 Name of material (steel pipe piles),4.1.3 Method of manufacture (seamless or welded),4.1.4 Grade (Tables 1 and 2),4.1.5 Size (outside diameter and nominal wall thickness),4.1.6 Lengths (single random, double rand
10、om, or uniform)(see Section 13),4.1.7 End finish (Section 15), and4.1.8 ASTM specification designation and year of issue,4.1.9 Location of purchasers inspection (see 19.1), and4.1.10 Bar coding (see 22.2).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The piles shall be made by the seamless, electricresistance wel
11、ded, flash welded, or fusion welded process. Theseams of welded pipe piles shall be longitudinal, helical-butt,or helical-lap.NOTE 1For welded pipe piles, the weld should not fail when theproduct is properly fabricated and installed and subjected to its intendedend use.6. Process6.1 The steel shall
12、be made by one or more of the followingprocesses: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The steel shall contain no more than 0.050 % phospho-rous.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is
13、 the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2002. Published September 1998. Originallypublished as A 252 44 T. Last previous edition A 252 96.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.4
14、Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.8. Heat Analysis8.1 Each heat analysis shall conform to the requirementspecified in 7.1. When requested by the purchaser, the appli-cable heat a
15、nalyses shall be reported to the purchaser ro thepurchasers representative.9. Product Analysis9.1 Chemical analysis shall be in accordance with TestMethods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.9.2 It shall be permissible for the purchaser to make productanalyses using samples from lots of pipe piles as
16、 follows:Pipe Size OutsideDiameter, in. (mm)Number of Samples and Size of LotUnder 14 (355.6) 2 from 200 pipe or fraction thereof14 to 36, incl (355.6to 914)2 from 100 pipe or fraction thereofOver 36 (914) 2 from 3000 ft (914 m) or fraction thereofThe product analyses shall conform to the requiremen
17、t in7.1.9.3 If the chemical compositions of both of the samplesrepresenting a lot fail to conform to the specified requirement,the lot shall be rejected or analyses of four additional samplesselected from the lot shall be made, and each shall conform tothe specified requirement. If the chemical comp
18、osition of onlyone of the samples representing a lot fails to conform to thespecified requirement, the lot shall be rejected or analyses oftwo additional samples selected from the lot shall be made, andeach shall conform to the specified requirement.10. Tensile Requirements Tensile Requirements10.1
19、The material shall conform to the requirements as totensile properties prescribed in Tables 1 and 2.10.2 The yield point shall be determined by the drop of thebeam, by the halt in the gage of the testing machine, by the useof dividers, or by other approved methods. When a definiteyield point is not
20、exhibited, the yield strength corresponding toa permanent offset of 0.2 % of the gage length of the specimen,or to a total extension of 0.5 % of the gage length under loadshall be determined.11. Weights Per Unit Length11.1 The weights per unit length for various sizes of pipepiles are listed in Tabl
21、e 3.11.2 For pipe pile sizes not listed in Table 3, the weight perunit length shall be calculated as follows:W5 10.69D 2 t!t (1)where:TABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsNOTEWhere an ellipsis (.) appears in this table, there is no requirement.Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3Tensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 50 000 (3
22、45) 60 000 (415) 66 000 (455)Yield point or yield strength, min, psi (MPa) 30 000 (205) 35 000 (240) 45 000 (310)Basic minimum elongation for nominal wall thicknesses516 in. (7.9 mm) or more:Elongation in 8 in. (203.2 mm), min, % 18 14 . . .Elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), min, % 30 25 20For nominal w
23、all thicknesses less than516 in. (7.9 mm), the deduction fromthe basic minimum elongation in 2 in. (50.08 mm) for each132 - in. (0.8 mm)decrease in nominal wall thickness below516 in. (7.9 mm), in percentage points1.50A1.25A1.0AATable 2 gives the computed minimum values:TABLE 2 Calculated Minimum El
24、ongation ValuesANominal Wall Thickness Elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), min, %in. mm Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3516 or 0.312 7.9 30.00 25.00 20.00932 or 0.281 7.1 28.50 23.75 19.0014 or 0.250 6.4 27.00 22.50 18.00732 or 0.219 5.6 25.50 21.25 17.00316 or 0.188 4.8 24.00 20.00 16.001164 or 0.172 4.4 23.25 1
25、9.50 15.50532 or 0.156 4.0 22.50 18.75 15.00964 or 0.141 3.6 21.75 18.25 14.5018 or 0.125 3.2 21.00 17.50 14.00764 or 0.109 2.8 20.25 16.75 13.50AThe above table gives the calculated minimum elongation values for various nominal wall thicknesses. Where the specified nominal wall thickness is interme
26、diate tothose shown above, the minimum elongation value shall be determined as follows:Grade1 E =48t + 15.002 E =40t + 12.503 E =32t + 10.00where:E = elongation in 2 in., %, andt = specified nominal wall thickness, in.A 252 98 (2002)2W = weight per unit length, lb/ft,D = specified outside diameter,
27、in., andt = specified nominal wall thickness, in.12. Permissible Variations in Weights and Dimensions12.1 WeightEach length of pipe pile shall be weighedseparately and its weight shall not vary more than 15 % over or5 % under its theoretical weight, calculated using its length andits weight per unit
28、 length (see Section 11).12.2 Outside DiameterThe outside diameter of pipe pilesshall not vary more than 61 % from the specified outsidediameter.12.3 Wall ThicknessThe wall thickness at any point shallnot be more than 12.5 % under the specified nominal wallthickness.NOTE 2The minimum permissible wal
29、l thickness on inspection isshown in Table X1.1 (seeAppendix) for various nominal wall thicknesses.13. Lengths13.1 Pipe piles shall be furnished in single random lengths,double random lengths, or in uniform lengths as specified inthe purchase order, in accordance with the following limits:Single ran
30、dom lengths 16 to 25 ft (4.88 to 7.62 mm), inclDouble random lengths over 25 ft (7.62 m) with a minimum averageof 35 ft (10.67 m)Uniform lengths length as specified with a permissible varia-tion of 61in.13.2 Lengths that have been spliced at the mill by weldingshall be acceptable as the equivalent o
31、f unspliced lengthsprovided tension test specimens cut from sample splicesconform to the tensile strength requirements prescribed inTables 1 and 2. The welding bead shall not be removed for thistest. Such specimens shall be made in accordance with theprovisions specified in Sections 16-18.TABLE 3 Co
32、mmon Sizes and Weights Per Unit LengthAOutside Diameter, in. Nominal Wall Thickness,in.BWeight per Unit Lengths,lb/ftCOutside Diameter, in.BNominal Wall Thickness,in.BWeight per Unit Lengths,lb/ftC6 0.134 8.40 12 0.134 17.000.141 8.83 0.141 17.870.156 9.75 0.150 19.000.164 10.23 0.164 20.750.172 10.
33、72 0.172 21.750.179 22.628 0.141 11.85 0.188 23.740.172 14.39 0.203 25.600.219 27.58858 0.109 9.92 0.230 28.940.141 12.79 0.250 31.400.172 15.54 0.281 35.200.188 16.96 0.312 38.980.203 18.280.219 19.68 1234 0.109 14.730.250 22.38 0.134 18.070.277 24.72 0.141 19.010.312 27.73 0.150 20.200.322 28.58 0
34、.164 22.070.344 30.45 0.172 23.130.375 33.07 0.179 24.050.438 38.33 0.188 25.250.500 43.43 0.203 27.230.219 29.3410 0.109 11.53 0.230 30.780.120 12.67 0.250 33.410.134 14.13 0.281 37.460.141 14.86 0.312 41.480.150 15.79 0.330 43.810.164 17.24 0.344 45.620.172 18.07 0.375 49.610.179 18.79 0.438 57.65
35、0.188 19.72 0.500 65.480.203 21.260.219 22.90 14 0.134 19.860.230 24.02 0.141 20.890.250 26.06 0.150 22.210.164 24.261034 0.109 12.40 0.172 25.430.120 13.64 0.179 26.450.134 15.21 0.188 27.760.141 15.99 0.203 29.940.150 17.00 0.219 32.260.164 18.56 0.230 33.860.172 19.45 0.250 36.750.179 20.23 0.281
36、 41.210.188 21.23 0.312 45.650.203 22.89 0.344 50.220.219 24.65 0.375 54.62A 252 98 (2002)3TABLE 3 ContinuedOutside Diameter, in. Nominal Wall Thickness,in.BWeight per Unit Lengths,lb/ftCOutside Diameter, in.BNominal Wall Thickness,in.BWeight per Unit Lengths,lb/ftC0.230 25.87 0.438 63.500.250 28.06
37、 0.469 67.840.279 31.23 0.500 72.160.307 34.270.344 38.27 16 0.134 22.730.141 23.900.150 25.420.164 27.7616 0.172 29.10 20 0.188 31.780.179 30.27 0.219 46.310.250 52.780.188 30.61 0.281 59.230.203 34.28 0.312 65.660.219 36.95 0.344 72.280.230 38.77 0.375 78.670.250 42.09 0.438 91.590.281 47.22 0.469
38、 97.920.312 52.32 0.500 104.230.344 57.570.375 62.64 22 0.172 40.130.438 72.86 0.188 43.840.469 77.87 0.219 50.990.500 82.85 0.250 58.130.281 65.2418 0.141 26.92 0.312 72.340.172 32.78 0.375 86.690.188 35.80 0.438 100.960.219 41.63 0.469 107.950.230 43.69 0.500 114.920.250 47.440.281 53.23 24 0.172
39、43.810.312 58.99 0.188 47.860.344 64.93 0.219 55.670.375 70.65 0.250 63.470.438 82.23 0.281 71.250.469 87.89 0.312 79.010.500 93.54 0.375 94.710.438 110.3220 0.141 29.93 0.469 117.980.172 36.46 0.500 125.62ASubject to agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, sizes and weights per unit l
40、ength other than those listed shall be permitted.B1 in. = 25.4 mmC1 lb/ft = 1.49 kg/m.14. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance14.1 The finished pipe piles shall be reasonably straight andshall not contain imperfections in such number or of suchcharacter as to render the pipe unsuitable for pipe piles
41、.14.2 Surface imperfections having a depth not in excess of25 % of the specified nominal wall thickness shall be accept-able. It shall be permissible to establish the depth of suchimperfections by grinding or filing.14.3 Surface imperfections having a depth in excess of 25 %of the specified nominal
42、wall thickness shall be considered tobe defects. It shall be permissible for defects not deeper than3313 % of the specified nominal wall thickness to be repairedby welding, provided that the defect is completely removedprior to welding.15. Ends15.1 Pipe piles shall be furnished with plain ends. Unle
43、ssotherwise specified, pipe piles shall have either flamecut ormachinecut ends, with the burrs at the ends removed. Whereends are specified to be beveled, they shall be beveled to anangle of 30 +5, 0, measured from a line drawn perpendicularto the axis of the pipe pile.16. Number of Tests16.1 One te
44、nsion test shall be made on one length orfraction thereof of each size, or one piece of skelp representingeach lot of 200 lengths or fraction thereof of each size.16.2 A retest shall be allowed if the percentage of elonga-tion of any test tension specimen is less than that prescribed inTables 1 and
45、2 and any part of the fracture is more than34 in.(19 mm) from the center of the gage length for test specimenshaving a 2in. (50 mm) gage length, or is outside of the middlethird of the gage length for test specimens having an 8in. (200mm) gage length, as indicated by scribe scratches marked onthe sp
46、ecimen before testing. A retest shall also be allowed ifany part of the fracture is in an inside or outside surfaceimperfection.16.3 It shall be permissible to discard any test specimen thatshows defective machining or develops imperfections andsubstitute another test specimen.A 252 98 (2002)417. Re
47、tests17.1 If the results of the tension test representing any lot failto conform to the applicable requirements prescribed in Tables1 and 2, the lot shall be rejected or retested using twoadditional lengths from the lot, with each such test beingrequired to conform to such specified requirements.18.
48、 Test Specimens and Test Methods18.1 The tension test specimens and test methods shall be inaccordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370, espe-cially Annex A2.18.2 At the option of the manufacturer, the tension testspecimens shall be longitudinal or transverse strip test speci-mens, with a gag
49、e length of 2 in. (50 mm) or 8 in. (200 mm),taken from the pipe or the skelp. Within their gage length,longitudinal strip test specimens shall be nominally 112 in. (38mm) wide, non-flattened, and with parallel sides.18.3 For welded pipe piles, the tension test specimens shallbe taken as follows:18.3.1 For longitudinalseam pipe piles, any longitudinalstrip test specimens shall be taken from the pipe parallel to thepipe axis and 90 from the weld, or from the skelp at acorresponding location and orientation, and any transversestrip test specim
