1、Designation: A 716 08Standard Specification forDuctile Iron Culvert Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 716; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses
2、indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers 14 to 64-in. ductile-iron cul-vert pipe centrifugally cast.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.
3、 The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portions, Sections 6 and 7, of this specification:This standard does not purport to
4、address all of the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E8 Test Method
5、s for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing ofMetallic Materials2.2 ANSI/AWWA Standards:C 150/A21.50 Thickness Design of Ductile-Iron Pipe3C 151/A21.51 Ductile-Iron Pipe Centrifugally Cast, forWater32.3 AASHTO Standard:AASHTO T-99 Moisture Density Relat
6、ions of Soils Using a5.5-lb (2.5-kg) Rammer 12-in. (305-mm) Drop43. General Requirements3.1 The pipe shall be manufactured of ductile iron thatmeets the requirements of Sections 6 and 7. See Table 1 forpipe thicknesses and weights; see also Fig. 1.3.2 The pipe shall be provided with suitable joints,
7、 such aspush-on or other types of joints that prevent lateral displace-ment. Plain-end pipe for use with suitable couplings may befurnished.3.3 Unless otherwise specified, pipe shall have a nominallength of 18 or 20 ft (5.5 or 6.1 m).Amaximum of 20 % of thetotal number of pipe of each size specified
8、 in an order may befurnished as much as 24 in. (610 mm) shorter than the nominallaying length, and an additional 10 % may be furnished asmuch as in 6 in. (152 mm) shorter than the nominal layinglength.4. Tolerances or Permitted Variations4.1 DimensionsThe spigot end, bell, and socket of thepipe and
9、the accessories shall be gaged with suitable gages atsufficiently frequent intervals to assure that the dimensionscomply with the requirements of this specification. The small-est inside diameter (ID) of the sockets and the outside diameter(OD) of the spigot ends shall be tested with circular gages.
10、Other socket dimensions shall be gauged as may be appropri-ate.4.2 ThicknessMinus thickness tolerances of pipe shall notexceed those shown below:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on IronCastings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.12 on Pipes andTub
11、es.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originallyapproved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A 716 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards
12、volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO
13、), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.TABLE 1 Standard Wall ThicknessAand Weight of Push-On JointDuctile-Iron Culvert PipeNominalDiam., in.PressureClassNominalThickness,in. (mm)MaximumDepth ofCover, Ft.(m)18-ft (5.5mm)Laying Length,Weight per,Length,
14、 lb (kg)20-ft (6.1mm) LayingLength,Weight per,Length, lb(kg)14 250 0.28 (7.1) 41 (12.5) 770 (349) 855 (388)16 250 0.30 (7.6) 41 (12.5) 940 (426) 1040 (472)18 250 0.31 (7.9) 40 (12.2) 1090 (494) 1205 (547)20 250 0.33 (8.4) 40 (12.2) 1290 (585) 1425 (646)24 200 0.33 (8.4) 37 (11.3) 1550 (703) 1710 (77
15、6)30 150 0.34 (8.6) 33 (10.1) 2000 (907) 2210 (1002)36 150 0.38 (9.7) 33 (10.1) 2675 (1213) 2955 (1340)42 150 0.41 (10.4) 32 (9.8) 3415 (1549) 3765 (1708)48 150 0.46 (12.4) 33 (10.1) 4805 (2180)54 150 0.51 (13.0) 33 (10.1) 6035 (2737)60 150 0.54 (13.7) 33 (10.1) 6930 (3143)64 150 0.56 (14.2) 33 (10.
16、1) 7680 (3484)ANominal thickness is based on the minimum Pressure Class ductile iron pipeavailable installed in Type 5 trench condition in accordance with ANSI/AWWAC150/A21.50, as shown in Fig. 1, with a maximum ring deflection of 5 % andmaximum ring stress of 48,000 psi (331 MPa). Wall thickness of
17、 pipe to serve atother depths of cover may be calculated in accordance with ANSI/AWWAC150/A21.50, allowing 5 % maximum ring deflection.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Nominal Size, in. Minus Tolerance, in. (mm)14 to 4
18、2 0.07 (1.8)48 0.08 (2.0)54 to 64 0.09 (2.3)NOTE 1An additional minus tolerance of 0.02 in (0.05 mm) shall bepermitted along the barrel of the pipe for a distance not to exceed 12 in.(305 mm).4.3 WeightThe weight of any single pipe shall not be lessthan the tabulated weight by more than 5 %.5. Coati
19、ng5.1 All pipe shall be coated inside and outside with anasphaltic or equivalent material approximately 1 mil (0.025mm) thick. The finished coating shall be continuous andsmooth, neither brittle when cold, nor sticky when exposed tothe sun, and shall be strongly adherent to the pipe.6. Acceptance Te
20、sts6.1 The standard acceptance tests for the physical charac-teristics of the pipe shall be as follows:6.2 Tension TestUnless otherwise specified by the pur-chaser, a tension test specimen shall be cut longitudinally orcircumferentially from the midsection of the pipe wall. In caseof dispute, the sp
21、ecimen shall be cut longitudinally. Thisspecimen shall be machined and tested in accordance with Fig.2 and Test Methods E8. The yield strength shall be determinedby the 0.2 % offset, halt-of-pointer, or extension-under-loadmethods. If check tests are to be made, the 0.2 % offset methodshall be used.
22、 All specimens shall be tested at room tempera-ture 70 6 10F (21 6 6C).6.2.1 Acceptable ValuesThe acceptance values for testspecimens shall be as follows:Grade of iron 60-42-10Minimum tensile strength, psi (MPa) 60 000 (413.7)Minimum yield strength, psi (MPa) 42 000 (289.6)Minimum elongation, % 106.
23、3 Charpy Impact TestTests shall be made in accordancewith Test Methods E23, except that dimensions of the speci-mens shall be 0.500 in. (12.70 mm) by full thickness of pipewall. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the Charpynotched impact test specimen shall be in accordance with Fig.3, exc
24、ept that it may be cut circumferentially. In case ofdispute, the specimen shall be cut in accordance with Fig. 3.Ifthe pipe wall thickness exceeds 0.40 in. (10.2 mm), the Charpyimpact specimen may be machined to a nominal thickness of0.40 in. (10.2 mm). In all tests, impact values are to becorrected
25、 to a standard wall thickness, ts= 0.40 in. (10.2 mm),by calculation as follows:Impact value corrected!5tst3 impact value actual!where:t = the thickness of the specimen, in. (mm).The Charpy impact test machine anvil shall not be moved tocompensate for the variation of cross-section dimensions of the
26、test specimen.6.3.1 Acceptance ValueThe corrected acceptance valuefor notched impact test specimens shall be a minimum of 7ftlbf (9.49 J) for tests conducted at 70 6 10F (21 6 6C).6.4 SamplingAt least one tension specimen shall be takenduring each casting period of approximately 3 h. At least one70
27、6 10F (21 6 6C) Charpy impact specimen shall be takenduring each operating hour. Specimens shall be selected toproperly represent extremes of pipe diameters and wall thick-nesses.7. Additional Control Tests by Manufacturer7.1 An additional low-temperature impact test shall be madefrom at least 10 %
28、of the sample coupons taken for the required70 6 10F (21 6 6C) Charpy impact test specified in 6.4 tocheck compliance with a minimum corrected value of 3 ftlbf(4.07 J) for tests conducted at 40F 6 2F (40C 6 1C).Test specimens shall be prepared and tested in accordance with6.3.7.2 In addition, the ma
29、nufacturer shall conduct such othertests as may be necessary to ensure compliance with thisspecification.8. Additional Tests Required by Purchaser8.1 When tests other than those required in this specificationare required by the purchaser, such tests shall be specified inthe purchasers specifications
30、.9. Inspection and Certification by Manufacturer9.1 The manufacturer shall establish the necessary quality-control and inspection practice to ensure compliance with thisspecification.9.2 The manufacturer shall, if required by the purchasersspecifications, furnish a sworn statement that the inspectio
31、nand all of the specified tests have been made and that all resultsthereof comply with the requirements of this specification.9.3 All pipes shall be without defects that could impairservice. Repairing of defects by welding or other methods shallnot be allowed if such repairs could adversely affect t
32、heNOTE 1Pipe is bedded to its centerline in compacted granularmaterial with a minimum of 4 in. (102 mm) under the pipe. Compactedgranular or selectAmaterial is used to the top of the pipe. (Material iscompacted to approximately 90 % Standard Proctor in accordance withAASHTO Standard T-99.)ALoose soi
33、l or select material is defined as native soil excavated fromthe trench, free of rocks, foreign material, and frozen earth.FIG. 1 Type 5 TrenchA716082serviceability of the pipe or its capability to meet strengthrequirements of this specification.10. Inspection by Purchaser10.1 If the purchaser desir
34、es to inspect pipe at the manufac-turers plant, the purchaser shall so state in the purchasersspecifications and describe the conditions (such as time and theextent of inspection) under which the inspection shall be made.10.2 The purchasers representative shall have free access tothose areas of the
35、manufacturers plant that are necessary todetermine compliance with this standard specification. Themanufacturer shall make available for the use of the purchas-ers representative such gages as are necessary for inspection.The manufacturer shall provide the purchasers representativewith assistance as
36、 necessary for handling of pipe.11. Delivery and Acceptance11.1 All pipe and accessories shall comply with this stan-dard specification. Pipe and accessories not complying withthis standard specification shall be replaced by the manufac-turer at the agreed point of delivery. The manufacturer shall n
37、otbe liable for shortages or damaged pipe after acceptance at theagreed point of delivery, except as recorded on the deliveryreceipt or similar document by the carriers agent.12. Foundry Records12.1 The results of the acceptance tests (Section 6) andlow-temperature impact tests (Section 7) shall be
38、recorded andretained for 1 year, and shall be available to the purchaser at thefoundry. Written transcripts shall be furnished, if required bythe purchasers specification.13. Defective Specimens and Retests13.1 When any mechanical-test specimen shows defectivemachining or lack of continuity of metal
39、, it shall be discardedand replaced by another specimen. When any sound testspecimen fails to meet the specified mechanical propertyrequirements, the lot of pipe from which the specimen wasobtained shall be separated from acceptable pipe. The lot maybe either retested, re-heat treated as necessary a
40、nd retested, orrejected. A retest shall be made on two additional sound testspecimens taken from the same lot as the specimen that failed.Pipe that are re-heat treated or retested, or both, shall meet therequirements of 4.1, 6, and 7.14. Rejection of Pipe14.1 If the results of any physical acceptanc
41、e test fail tomeet the requirements of Sections 6, 7,or13, all pipe cast inthe same period shall be rejected, except as provided in Section15.15. Determining Rejection15.1 The manufacturer may determine the amount of pipe tobe rejected by making similar additional tests of pipe, of thesame size as t
42、he rejected pipe, until the rejected lot isbracketed, in order of manufacture, by an acceptable test ateach end of the interval in question. When pipe of one size isrejected from a casting period, the acceptability of pipe ofdifferent sizes from that same period may be established bydeveloping the a
43、cceptance tests for these sizes as specified inSection 6.NOTE 1The reduced section (A) may have a gradual taper from the ends toward the center with the ends not more than 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) largerin diameter than the center on the standard specimen and not more than 0.003 in. (0.08 mm) larger in d
44、iameter than the center on the small size specimens.NOTE 2If desired, on the small size specimens the length of the reduced section may be increased to accommodate an extensometer. However,reference marks for the measurement of elongation should nevertheless be spaced at the indicated gage length (G
45、).NOTE 3The gage length and fillets shall be as shown, but the ends may be of any form to fit the holders of the testing machine in such a way thatthe load shall be axial. If the ends are to be held in grips it is desirable, if possible to make the length of the grip section great enough to allow th
46、e specimento extend into the grips a distance equal to two thirds or more of the length of the grips.Dimen-sionStandard Specimen Small-Size Specimens Proportional to Standard0.50-in (12.7-mm) Round 0.350-in. (8.89-mm) Round 0.250-in. (6.35-mm) Round 0.175-in. (4.45-mm) Round 0.125-in. (3.18-mm) Roun
47、dG 2.000 6 0.005 (50.80 6 0.13) 1.400 6 0.005 (35.56 6 0.13) 1.000 6 0.005 (25.40 6 0.13) 0.700 6 0.005 (17.786 0.13) 0.500 6 0.005 (12.70 6 0.13)D 0.500 6 0.010 (12.70 6 0.25) 0.350 6 0.007 (8.89 6 0.18) 0.250 6 0.005 (6.35 6 0.13) 0.175 6 0.005 (4.44 6 0.13) 0.125 6 0.005 (3.18 6 0.13)R,min38 (9.5
48、)14 (6.4)316 (4.8)332 (2.4)332 (2.4)A, min 214 (57.2) 134 (44.4) 114 (31.8)34 (19)58 (15.9)TA0.71 and greater (18.0) 0.50 to 0.70 (12.7 to 17.8) 0.35 6 0.49 (8.9 to 12.4) 0.25 to 0.34 (6.4 6 8.6) 0.18 to 0.24 (4.6 to 6.1)AThickness of the section from the wall of the pipe from which the tension spec
49、imen is to be machined.FIG. 2 Tension-Test SpecimenA71608316. Marking Pipe16.1 The weight, class, or nominal thickness, and castingperiod shall be shown on each pipe. The manufacturers mark,the country where cast, the year in which the pipe wasproduced, and the letter “DI” or “DUCTILE” shall be cast ormetal stamped on the pipe and letters and number shall be notless than12 in. (13 mm) in height. When required in thepurchasers specifications, initials not exceeding four in num-ber shall be cast or stamped on the pipe. All requir
