1、Designation: B 148 97 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Specification forAluminum-Bronze Sand Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 148; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes requirements for sandca
3、stings produced from copper-base alloys having the alloynumbers,2commercial designations, and nominal compositionsshown in Table 1.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for in
4、formation onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof material purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:3B 208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens forCopper Alloy
5、 Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, andContinuous CastingsB 824 Specification for General Requirements for CopperAlloy CastingsE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-alsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of MetallicMaterialsE 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUn
6、ified Numbering System (UNS)3. General Requirements3.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of Specification B 824.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for castings under this specification shall includethe following information:4.1.1 Quality of cast
7、ings required,4.1.2 Copper alloy number (Table 1) and temper (as-cast,heat treated, and so forth),4.1.3 Specification title, number, and year of issue,4.1.4 Pattern or drawing number and condition (cast, ma-chined, and so forth),4.1.5 Analysis of residual elements, if specified in thepurchase order
8、(Specification B 824),4.1.6 Pressure test requirements, if specified in the purchaseorder (Specification B 824),4.1.7 Soundness requirements, if specified in the purchaseorder (Specification B 824),4.1.8 Certification, if specified in the purchase order (Speci-fication B 824),4.1.9 Test report, if s
9、pecified in the purchase order (Speci-fication B 824),4.1.10 Witness inspection, if specified in the purchase order(Specification B 824),4.1.11 Approval of weld procedure and records of repairs, ifspecified in the purchase order (Section 8),4.1.12 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code4application(9.2
10、 and Section 11),4.1.13 Castings for seawater service (5.3), and4.1.14 Product marking, if specified in the purchase order(Specification B 824).4.2 When material is purchased for agencies of the U.S.Government, the Supplementary Requirements of this specifi-cation may be specified.5. Materials and M
11、anufacture5.1 For better corrosion resistance in seawater applications,castings in Copper Alloy UNS No. C95800 shall be given atemper anneal heat treatment at 1250 6 50F (675 6 10C) for6 h minimum. Cooling shall be by the fastest means possiblethat will not cause excessive distortion or cracking. Pr
12、opellercastings shall be exempt from this requirement.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 onCastings and Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published May 2009.
13、Originallyapproved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B 148 97 (2003)1.2The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E 527) is a simpleexpansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the additionof a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be use
14、d to accommodatecomposition variations of the base alloy.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Ava
15、ilable from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three ParkAve., New York, NY 10016-5990.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C95300, C95400, C95410, andC95500 may be supplied in the heat
16、-treated condition to obtainthe higher mechanical properties shown in Table 3. Suggestedheat treatments for these alloys and Copper Alloy UNS No.C95520 are given in Table 4. Actual practice may vary bymanufacturer.5.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. C95520 is used in the heat-treated condition only.5.4 Copper
17、Alloy UNS No. C95900 is normally suppliedannealed between 1100F (595C) and 1300F (705C) fol-lowed by air cooling.5.5 Copper Alloy UNS No. C95820 is supplied in theas-cast condition.5.6 Separately cast test bar coupons representing castingsmade in Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C95300HT, C95400HT,C95410HT, C9
18、5500HT, C95520HT, C95800 temper annealed,and C95900 annealed shall be heat treated with the castings.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The castings shall conform to the chemical requirementsshown in Table 2.6.2 These specification limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits may be establis
19、hed by agreementbetween manufacturer or supplier and purchaser for theseunnamed elements. Copper may be given as remainder andmay be taken as the difference between the sum of all elementsanalyzed and 100 %. When all the elements in the table areanalyzed, their sum shall be as specified in the follo
20、wing table:Copper Alloy UNS NumberCopper Plus Named Elements,min, %C95200 99.0C95300 99.0C95400 99.5C95410 99.5C95500 99.5C95520 99.5C95600 99.0C95700 99.5C95800 99.5C95820 99.2C95900 99.57. Mechanical Properties7.1 Mechanical properties shall be determined from sepa-rately cast test bar castings an
21、d shall meet the requirementsshown in Table 3.8. Casting Repair8.1 Alloys included in this specification are generally weld-able. Weld repairs may be made at the manufacturers discre-tion provided each excavation does not exceed 20 % of thecasting section or wall thickness or 4 % of the casting surf
22、acearea.8.2 Excavations that exceed those described in 8.1 may bemade at the manufacturers discretion except that when re-quired (4.1.11) the weld procedure shall be approved by thepurchaser and the following records shall be maintained:TABLE 1 Nominal CompositionsCopper AlloyUNS No.Old Desig-nation
23、CommercialDesignationNominal Composition, %Copper Nickel Iron Aluminum Silicon ManganeseC95200 9A Grade A 88.0 . . . 3.0 9.0 . . . . . .C95300A9B Grade B 89.0 . . . 1.0 10.0 . . . . . .C95400A9C Grade C 85.0 . . . 4.0 11.0 . . . . . .C95410A. . 84.0 2.0 4.0 10.0 . .C95500A9D Grade D 81.0 4.0 4.0 11.
24、0 . . . . . .C95520A. . 78.5 5.5 5.0 11.0 . .C95600 9E Grade E 91.0 . . . . . . 7.0 2.0 . . .C95700 9F Grade F 75.0 2.0 3.0 8.0 . . . 12.0C95800 . . . . . . 81.3 4.5 4.0 9.0 . . . 1.2C95820 . . . . . . 79.0 5.2 4.5 9.5 . . . 1.0C95900 . . . . . . 87.5 . . . 4.5 13.0 . . . . . .AThese grades respond
25、to heat treatment.TABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsClassification Aluminum Bronze Nickel Aluminum BronzeSiliconAluminumBronzeManganese-NickelAluminumBronzeNickelAluminumBronzeAluminumBronzeCopper AlloyUNS No.C95200 C95300 C95400 C95410 C95500 C95520AC95600 C95700 C95800 C95820BC95900Composition, %Copper
26、 86.0 min 86.0 min 83.0 min 83.0 min 78.0 min 74.5 min 88.0 min 71.0 min 79.0 min 77.5 min remainderAluminum 8.59.5 9.011.0 10.011.5 10.011.5 10.011.5 10.511.5 6.08.0 7.08.5 8.59.5 9.010.0 12.013.5Iron 2.54.0 0.81.5 3.05.0 3.05.0 3.05.0 4.05.5 . . . 2.04.0 3.54.5C4.05.0 3.05.0Manganese . . . . . . 0
27、.50 max 0.50 max 3.5 max 1.5 max . . . 11.014.0 0.81.5 1.5 max 1.5 maxNickel (inclcobalt). . . . . . 1.5 max 1.52.5 3.05.5 4.26.0 0.25 max 1.53.0 4.05.0C4.55.8 0.5 maxSilicon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15 max 1.83.2 0.10 max 0.10 max 0.10 max . . .Lead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.03 max . .
28、 . 0.03 max 0.03 max 0.02 max . . .AChromium shall be 0.05 max, cobalt 0.20 max, tin 0.25 max, and zinc 0.30 max.BZinc shall be 0.2 max and tin 0.02 max.CIron content shall not exceed the nickel content.B 148 97 (2009)28.2.1 A sketch or drawing showing the dimensions, depth,and location of excavatio
29、ns,8.2.2 Postweld heat treatment, when applicable,8.2.3 Weld repair inspection results,8.2.4 Casting identification number,8.2.5 Weld procedure identification number,8.2.6 Welder identification, and8.2.7 Name of inspector.8.3 The castings shall not be impregnated without approvalof the purchaser.9.
30、Sampling9.1 Test bar castings for the Copper Alloy UNS Nos. in thisspecification shall be cast to the form and dimensions shown inFigs. 1 or 2 in Practice B 208.9.2 When material is specified to meet the requirements ofthe ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, for small remeltsthe lot size shall not
31、 exceed 1000 lb (455 kg) of castings andshall consist of all of the metal from a single master heatpoured from an individual melting unit, or group of meltingunits, operating during the course of one-half shift, not toexceed 5 h.10. Test Methods10.1 Brinell readings shall be taken on the grip end of
32、 thetension test bar and shall be made in accordance with TestMethod E 10, with the exception that a 3000-kg load shall beused.10.2 Rockwell hardness readings shall be taken on the gripend of the tension test bar and shall be made in accordance withTest Methods E 18.10.3 When specified in the purcha
33、se order, additional hard-ness testing may be performed on castings. The test locationand hardness values shall be agreed upon between the manu-facturer and the purchaser.11. Certification11.1 When castings are specified to meet the requirementsof the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, the certif
34、icationrequirements of Specification B 824 are mandatory.12. Keywords12.1 aluminum-bronze castings; copper alloy castings;copper-base alloy castingsTABLE 3 Mechanical RequirementsClassificationAluminum Bronze Nickel Aluminum BronzeSilicon AluminumBronzeManganese-NickelAluminumBronzeNickelAluminumBro
35、nzeAluminumBronzeAs-Cast As-CastCopper Alloy UNS No. C95200 C95300C95400 andC95410C95500 C95820 C95600 C95700 C95800AC95900BTensile strength, min,ksiC(MPaD)65(450)65(450)75(515)90(620)94(650)60(415)90(620)85(585).Yield strength,Emin,ksiC(MPaD)25(170)25(170)30(205)40(275)39F(270)F28(195)40(275)35(240
36、).Elongation in 2 in.(50.8 mm), %20 20 12 6 13 10 20 15 . . .Brinell hardness No.G(3000-kg load)110 110 150 190 . . . . .Heat-TreatedCopper Alloy UNS No. C95300C95400 andC95410C95500 C95520HTensile strength, min,ksiC(MPa)D.80(550)90(620)110(760)125(862).Yield strength,Emin,ksiC(MPa)D.40(275)45(310)6
37、0(415)95F(655)F.Elongation in 2 in.(50.8 min), %. 12 6 5 2 . . . .Brinell hardness No.G(3000-kg load). . . 160 190 200 255I. . . 241minAAs cast or temper annealed.BNormally supplied annealed between 1100 and 1300F for 4 h followed by air cooling.Cksi = 1000 psi.DSee Appendix X1.EYield strength shall
38、 be determined as the stress producing an elongation under load of 0.5 %, that is, 0.01 in. (0.254 mm) in a gage length of 2 in. (50.8 mm).FYield strength at 0.2 % offset, min, ksiC(MPa)D.GFor information only.HCopper Alloy UNS No. C95520 is used in the heat-treated condition only.ISand castings and
39、 sand cast test specimens shall be 25 HRC or equivalent minimum.TABLE 4 Suggested Heat TreatmentsCopper AlloyUNS No.Solution Treatment(Not Less Than 1 hFollowedby Water Quench)Annealing Treatment(Not Less than 2 hFollowedby Air Cool)C95300 1585-1635F(800-890C)1150-1225F(620-660C)C95400C954101600-167
40、5F(870-910C)1150-1225F(620-660C)C95500C95520(2 h followed bywater quench)925-1000F(495-540C)1600-1700F(870-925C)B 148 97 (2009)3SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in theinquiry, contract, or order for agencies of the U.
41、S. government.S1. Referenced DocumentsS1.1 The following documents of the issue effect on date ofmaterial purchase form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:S1.1.1 Federal Standards:5Fed. Std. No. 102 Preservation, Packaging, and PackingLevelsFed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Ship
42、ment (Civil Agencies)S1.1.2 Military Standards:5MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and StorageMIL-STD-248 Welded and Brazing Procedure in Perfor-mance QualificationMIL-STD-271 Requirements for Nondestructive TestingMethodsMIL-STD-278 Welding and Casting StandardS1.1.3 Military Specification:5MIL-C-399
43、3 Packaging of Copper and Copper-Base AlloyMill ProductsS2. First Article InspectionS2.1 The initial casting shall be radiographically examinedin accordance with MIL-STD-271 at locations specified by thepurchaser. Subsequent to radiography, samples for mechanicaltesting shall be removed from the spe
44、cified locations andtested. The acceptance criteria for all tests and examinationsshall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.S2.2 Following acceptance of the initial casting by thepurchaser, the manufacturer shall not change his basic foundrypractice without the specific appro
45、val of the purchaser. Themanufacturer may be required to perform additional tests orinspections to verify acceptability of any changes made.S3. SoundnessS3.1 Castings shall meet the soundness requirements ofMIL-STD-278 for the category, subcategory, and criticalitylevel specified in the purchase ord
46、er.S4. Pressure TestS4.1 Castings shall meet the pressure test requirements ofMIL-STD-278.S5. Weld RepairS5.1 All repair welding shall be in accordance with MIL-STD-278 using welders and welding procedures qualified inaccordance with MIL-STD-248.S5.2 Surfaces of the casting that will be in contact w
47、ithseawater will be identified by the purchaser. Any weld repairmade on these surfaces or within14 in. of these surfaces shallbe postweld heat treated in accordance with 5.3.S6. Quality AssuranceS6.1 Responsibility for InspectionUnless otherwise speci-fied in the contract or purchase order, the manu
48、facturer isresponsible for performance of all inspection and test require-ments specified. Except as otherwise specified in the contractor purchase order, the manufacturer may use his own or anyother suitable facilities for the performance of the inspectionand test requirements unless disapproved by
49、 the purchaser atthe time the order is placed. The purchaser shall have the rightto perform any of the inspections or tests set forth when suchinspections and tests are deemed necessary to ensure that thematerial conforms to prescribed requirements.S7. MarkingS7.1 The castings shall be marked in accordance withSpecification B 824. Additionally, the marking shall includethe manufacturers trademark, specification, and alloy number.S8. Preparation for DeliveryS8.1 Preservation, Packaging, and Packing:S8.1.1 Mili
