1、Designation: B355 11 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Specification forNickel-Coated Soft or Annealed Copper Wire1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B355; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers nickel-coate
3、d, soft orannealed, round copper wire for use in electrical equipment.1.2 Five classes of wire are covered as follows:1.2.1 Class 2Wire whose nickel coating is at least 2 % ofthe total weight of the coated wire.1.2.2 Class 4Wire whose nickel coating is at least 4 % ofthe total weight of the coated w
4、ire.1.2.3 Class 7Wire whose nickel coating is at least 7 % ofthe total weight of the coated wire.1.2.4 Class 10Wire whose nickel coating is at least 10 %of the total weight of the coated wire.1.2.5 Class 27Wire whose nickel coating is at least 27 %of the total weight of the coated wire.NOTE 1For inf
5、ormation purposes, the thickness of coating in micro-inches provided by the percentages listed in 1.2 is shown in Table 2.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parenthesis are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information
6、 onlyand are not considered standard.1.3.1 ExceptionsThe SI values for density, resistivity, andvolume are to be regarded as standard.1.4 This hazard statement applies only to Section 7, TestMethods, and to the Appendix of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safet
7、y concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.3. Referenced Documents3.1 The following documents of the issue in effect at th
8、etime of reference form a part of these methods to the extentreferenced herein:3.2 ASTM Standards:2B49 Specification for Copper Rod for Electrical PurposesB193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB258 Specification for Nominal Diameters and Cross-SectionalAreas ofAWG Sizes of
9、 Solid Round Wires Usedas Electrical ConductorsE75 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-Nickeland Copper-Nickel-Zinc Alloys (Withdrawn 2010)33.3 NIST:NBS Handbook 100Copper Wire Tables44. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following informat
10、ion:4.1.1 Quantity of each size,4.1.2 Wire size, diameter in inches (see 6.3 and Table 2),4.1.3 Class of coating (Section 1 and Table 2),4.1.4 Type of copper, if special (see 5.2),4.1.5 Package size (Section 11),4.1.6 Special packaging marking, if required, and4.1.7 Place of inspection (see 10.1).5.
11、 Material5.1 The material shall be nickel-coated wire (ExplanatoryNote 1), of such quality and purity that the finished productshall have the properties and characteristics prescribed in thisspecification.NOTE 2Specification B49 defines copper suitable for use:5.2 Copper of special qualities, forms,
12、 or types, as may beagreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser, andwhich will conform to the requirements prescribed in thisspecification may also be used.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 onElectrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of B01.0
13、4 on Conductors ofCopper and Copper Alloys.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 20116 as B355 11. DOI:10.1520/B0355-11R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Custo
14、mer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5301
15、 ShawneeRd., Alexandria, VA 22312, http:/www.ntis.gov.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. General Requirements6.1 Tensile PropertiesThe nickel-coated wire shall con-form to the requirements for elongation as prescribed
16、in Table2. For wire, the nominal diameter of which is more than 0.001in. (0.025 mm) greater than a size listed in Table 2 and less thanthat of the next larger size, the requirements of the next largersize shall apply.6.2 ResistivityThe electrical resistivity of the coated wireat a temperature of 20C
17、 shall not exceed the values prescribedin Table 2.6.3 Dimensions and Permissible VariationsThe wire sizesshall be expressed as the diameter of the wire in decimalfractions of an inch to the nearest 0.0001 in. (0.0025 mm)(Explanatory Note 2). The coated wire shall not vary from thespecified diameter
18、by more than the following amounts:Nominal Diameter, in. Permissible Variations in DiameterUnder 0.0100 +0.0003 in. (0.3 mil)0.0001 in. (0.1 mil)0.0100 to 0.0508, inclOver 0.0508+3 %, 1 %+0.0015, 0.00056.4 Continuity of CoatingThe coating shall be continuous.The continuity of the coating shall be de
19、termined on represen-tative samples taken before stranding or insulating and shall bedetermined by the sodium polysulfide test described in 7.4.Wire whose coating weight corresponds to a thickness of lessthan 50 in. (0.00005 in.) (0.0013 mm) shall not be subject tothis test (Explanatory Note 3).6.5
20、Adherence of CoatingThe nickel coating shall befirmly adherent to the surface of the copper. The adherence ofcoating on the wire shall be determined on representativesamples. The adherence of coating shall be determined by thewrapping and immersion test in accordance with section 7.5 for0.0403 in. (
21、1.024 mm) and larger sizes.6.6 Weight of CoatingThe weight of coating expressed asa percentage of the total weight of the wire shall be not lessthan 2 % for Class 2; 4 % for Class 4; 7 % for Class 7; 10 %for Class 10; and 27 % for Class 27. For ease of comparison,the thickness of coating for these c
22、lasses has been included inTable 2 (Explanatory Note 3).TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsArea at 20C (68F)Elongation in10 in., min,%Thickness of Coating, in.(For Information Only)Diameter,in.cmils in.2Classes2, 4, 7,9, and 10Class27Class 2,2%NickelClass 4,4%NickelClass 7,7%NickelClass 10,10 %NickelClass
23、27,27 %Nickel0.1285 16 510 0.01297 25 20 650 1300 2290 3300 93500.1144 13 090 0.01028 25 20 570 1160 2040 2940 83300.1019 10 380 0.008155 25 20 510 1040 1820 2620 74200.0907 8 230 0.00646 25 20 460 920 1620 2330 66100.0808 6 530 0.00513 25 20 410 820 1440 2070 58800.0720 5 180 0.00407 25 20 360 730
24、1280 1850 52400.0641 4 110 0.00323 25 20 320 650 1140 1650 46700.0571 3 260 0.00256 25 20 290 580 1020 1470 41600.0508 2 580 0.00203 25 20 260 510 910 1300 37000.0453 2 050 0.00161 25 20 230 460 810 1160 33000.0403 1 620 0.00128 25 20 200 410 720 1030 29300.0359 1 290 0.00101 25 20 180 360 640 920 2
25、6100.0320 1 020 0.000804 25 20 160 320 570 820 23300.0285 812 0.000638 25 20 140 290 510 730 20700.0253 640 0.000503 25 20 130 260 450 650 18500.0226 511 0.000401 25 20 110 230 400 580 16400.0201 404 0.000317 20 15 100 200 360 520 14600.0179 320 0.000252 20 15 90 180 320 460 13000.0159 253 0.000199
26、20 15 80 160 280 410 11600.0142 202 0.000158 20 15 71 140 250 360 10300.0126 159 0.000125 20 15 63 130 220 320 9200.0113 128 0.000100 20 15 57 110 200 290 8200.0100 100 0.0000785 20 15 50 100 180 260 7300.0089 79.2 0.0000622 15 10 45 90 160 230 6500.0080 64.0 0.0000503 15 10 40 81 140 200 5800.0071
27、50.4 0.0000396 15 10 . 72 130 180 5200.0063 39.7 0.0000312 15 10 . 64 110 160 4600.0056 31.4 0.0000246 15 10 . 57 100 140 4100.0050 25.0 0.0000196 15 10 . 51 89 130 3600.0045 20.2 0.0000159 15 8 . . 80 120 3200.0040 16.0 0.0000126 15 8 . . 71 100 2900.0035 12.2 0.00000962 15 8 . . 62 91 2600.0031 9.
28、61 0.00000755 15 8 . . 55 81 230TABLE 2 Electrical Resistivity RequirementsClass, % NickelResistivity at 20C, lb/mile22 911.674 931.067 961.7610 994.5527 1232.7B355 11 (2016)26.7 JointsNecessary joints in the wire and rods prior tofinal coating and drawing shall be made in accordance with thebest co
29、mmercial practice. There shall be no uncoated joints inthe final product.6.8 FinishThe coating shall consist of a smooth, continu-ous layer, firmly adherent to the surface of the copper. The wireshall be free from all imperfections not consistent with the bestcommercial practice.7. Test Methods7.1 T
30、ensile Strength and Elongation (Explanatory Note 4):7.1.1 The elongation of wire with a nominal diametergreater than 0.0808 in. (2.052 mm) shall be determined as thepermanent increase in length due to the breaking of the wire intension. The elongation shall be measured between gage marksplaced origi
31、nally 10 in. (242 mm) apart upon the test specimenand expressed in percent of the original length.7.1.2 The elongation of wire with a nominal diameter equalto or less than 0.0808 in. (2.053 mm) may be determined asdescribed above or by measurements made between the jaws ofthe testing machine. When m
32、easurements are made betweenthe jaws, the zero length shall be the distance between the jawsat the start of the tension test and be as near 10 in. (254 mm)as practicable. The final length shall be the distance betweenthe jaws at the time of rupture. The fracture shall be betweengage marks or jaws of
33、 the testing machine, depending onmethod used, and not closer than 1 in. (25.4 mm) to either gagemark or jaw.7.2 ResistivityThe electrical resistivity of the materialshall be determined in accordance with Test Method B193(Explanatory Note 5).7.3 Dimensional MeasurementsDimensional measure-ments shal
34、l be made with a micrometer caliper equipped witha vernier graduated in 0.0001 in. (0.0025 mm). Each coil shallbe gaged at three places, one near each end and one near themiddle. From each spool approximately 12 ft (3.7 m) shall beunreeled and the wire gaged in six places between the secondand twelf
35、th foot from the end. The average of the measure-ments obtained shall meet the requirements of 6.3.7.4 Continuity of Coating:7.4.1 Length of SpecimensTest specimens shall each havea length of about 6 in. (152 mm). They shall be tagged ormarked to correspond with the coil, spool, or reel from whichth
36、ey were cut.7.4.2 Treatment of SpecimensThe specimens shall bethoroughly cleaned by immersion in a suitable organic solventfor at least 3 min, then removed and wiped dry with a clean,soft cloth or tissue (Precaution: Explanatory Note 6). Thespecimens thus cleaned shall be kept wrapped in a clean, dr
37、ycloth or tissue until tested. That part of the specimen to beimmersed in the test solution shall not be handled. Care shallbe taken to avoid abrasion by the cut ends.7.4.3 Special Solution (sp gr 1.142)A concentrated solu-tion shall be made by dissolving sodium sulfide crystals (cp) indistilled wat
38、er until the solution is saturated at about 21C, andadding sufficient flowers of sulfur (in excess of 250 g/L ofsolution) to provide complete saturation, as shown by thepresence in the solution of an excess of sulfur after the solutionhas been allowed to stand for at least 24 h. The test solutionsha
39、ll be made by diluting a portion of the concentrated solutionwith distilled water to a specific gravity of 1.135 to 1.145 atambient temperature of 15.6C. The sodium polysulfide testsolution should have sufficient strength to thoroughly blackena piece of clean uncoated copper wire in 5 s. The test so
40、lutionused for testing samples shall be considered exhausted if it failsto blacken a piece of clean copper as described above (Ex-planatory Note 7).7.4.4 ProcedureImmerse a length of at least 412 in. (114mm) from each of the clean specimens for 30 s in the sodiumpolysulfide solution (see 7.4.3) main
41、tained at a temperaturebetween 15.6 and 21C. After the immersion, immediatelywash the specimens in clean water and wipe dry with a clean,soft cloth or tissue.After immersion and washing, examine thespecimens to ascertain if copper exposed through openings inthe nickel coating has been blackened by a
42、ction of the sodiumpolysulfide. Examine the specimen with the normal eye againsta white background. Consider the specimens to have failed if,by such blackening, exposed copper is revealed. No attentionshall be paid to blackening within 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) of the cutend.7.5 Adherence of Coating:7.5.1 S
43、pecimensTest specimens shall be approximately 12in. (305 mm) in length and shall be tagged or marked tocorrespond with the coil, spool, or reel from which they are cut.The specimens shall be thoroughly cleaned, if required, byimmersion in a suitable organic solvent for at least 3 min, thenremoved an
44、d dried (Precaution: Explanatory Note 6). Thespecimens thus cleaned shall be kept wrapped in a clean, drycloth until tested. That part of the specimen to be immersed inthe test solution shall not be handled. Care shall be taken toavoid abrasion of the surface to be subjected to test. Wire sizes0.005
45、 in. (0.127 mm) and smaller may be cleaned afterwrapping.7.5.2 Procedure:7.5.2.1 WrappingSlowly wrap the test specimen in asuitable manner in an open helix around a wire of its owndiameter. Take care not to stretch the specimen during thewrapping operation. The spacing of the consecutive turns shall
46、be approximately equal to the diameter of the wire. For wiresizes 0.021 in. (0.533 mm) and smaller, use approximately sixhelical turns for the test. For wire larger than 0.021 in. (0.533mm) use approximately three turns.7.5.2.2 Immersion TestRemove the helically wrapped por-tion of the test specimen
47、 from the mandrel and completelyimmerse in the sodium polysulfide solution (see 7.4.3) for 30 sat the temperature prescribed in 7.4.4. On removal from thesodium polysulfide solution, rinse the specimen immediately inclean water and remove the excess by shaking.7.5.2.3 Examination of SpecimensExamine
48、 the outer sur-face of the helically wrapped portion of the specimen undermagnification not to exceed 7 diameter. Any cracking orflaking of the coating in this area shown by blackening of thecopper area shall be cause for rejection. A grayish appearanceof the coating after immersion shall not consti
49、tute failure.B355 11 (2016)37.6 Weight of CoatingConformance to the weight require-ment may be determined in accordance with Test MethodA. Incase of disagreement, Test Method B shall be used and theresult obtained shall be final. Test Methods A and B are givenin Appendix X1.7.7 FinishSurface-finish inspection shall be made with theunaided eye (normal spectacles excepted).8. Conformance Criteria (Explanatory Note 6)8.1 Any lot of wire, the samples of which comply with theconformance criteria of this section, shall be considered ascomply
