1、Designation: B 392 03Standard Specification forNiobium and Niobium Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 392; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers four grades of wrought nio-bium and niobium alloy bar, rod, and wire as follows:NOTE 1Committee B10 has adopted
3、 “niobium” as the designation forElement No. 41, formerly named “columbium.”1.1.1 R04200-Type 1Reactor grade unalloyed niobium,1.1.2 R04210-Type 2Commercial grade unalloyed nio-bium,1.1.3 R04251-Type 3Reactor grade niobium alloy con-taining 1 % zirconium, and1.1.4 R04261-Type 4Commercial grade niobi
4、um alloycontaining 1 % zirconium.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion of this specification. This standard doesnot purport t
5、o address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:B 391 Specifi
6、cation for Niobium and Niobium Alloy In-gots2E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials3E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: Descrip-tions of Terms Specifi
7、c to This Standard:3.1.1 lota lot shall consist of all material produced fromthe same ingot at one time, with the same cross section,processed with the same nominal metallurgical parameters andheat treated at the same conditions.3.1.2 barmaterial less than 6 in. (152.4 mm) in width and0.187 in. (4.7
8、5 mm) or greater in thickness, with a rectangularcross section, supplied in straight lengths.3.1.3 rodmaterial 0.125 to 2.50 in. (3.18 to 63.50 mm) indiameter, in round, hexagonal, or octagonal cross sectionsupplied in straight lengths.3.1.4 wirematerial 0.020 to 0.124 in. (0.51 to 3.15 mm) indiamet
9、er, furnished in coils or on spools or reels. Material lessthan 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) in diameter is not covered by thisspecification.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for materials under this specification shall in-clude the following information as applicable:4.1.1 Type and grade (Section 1),4.1.2 A
10、STM designation and year of issue,4.1.3 Method of manufacture (Section 5),4.1.4 Temper designation (Section 8),4.1.5 Quantity in weight, number of pieces, and dimensions,4.1.6 Chemistry (6.3),4.1.7 Mechanical properties (Section 7),4.1.8 Condition (8.2),4.1.9 Permissible Variations (9.2),4.1.10 Perm
11、issible overshipments (9.4),4.1.11 Quality and finish (Section 10),4.1.12 Sampling (Section 11),4.1.13 Inspection (Section 15),4.1.14 Required reports (Section 17), and4.1.15 Additions to the specification and supplementaryrequirements, as required.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Material covered by
12、 this specification shall be madefrom ingots that conform to Specification B 391 and that areproduced by vacuum or plasma arc melting, vacuum electron-beam melting, or a combination of these three methods.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory M
13、etals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.03 on Niobium and Tantalum.Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as B 392 - 99.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.3Annual Book o
14、f ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 The various niobium mill products covered by thisspecification are formed with the conventional extrusion,forgi
15、ng, swaging, rolling, and drawing equipment normallyavailable in metal working plants.6. Chemical and Hardness Requirements6.1 The niobium and niobium alloy ingots and billets forconversion to finished products covered by this specificationshall conform to the requirements for chemical compositionan
16、d hardness as prescribed in Table 1 and Table 2.6.2 The manufacturers ingot analysis shall be consideredthe chemical analysis for products supplied under this specifi-cation, except for interstitials as specified in 6.3.6.3 When requested by the purchaser at the time of pur-chase, the manufacturer s
17、hall furnish a report certifying thevalues of the interstitial elements (C, O, N, H) as prescribed inTable 3 for each lot of material supplied.7. Mechanical Requirements7.1 The annealed materials supplied under this specificationshall conform to the requirements for mechanical properties asspecified
18、 in Table 4.8. Temper Designations8.1 Unless otherwise stated, the materials supplied underthese specifications shall be in the fully annealed condition,that is, at least 90 % recrystallized.8.2 Other temper designations, such as cold-worked temperor stress-relieved temper, can be specified as agree
19、d uponbetween the purchaser and the manufacturer at the time ofpurchase.9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions and Weight9.1 Tolerances on RoundsTolerances on niobium andniobium alloy round products covered by this specificationshall be as prescribed in Table 5.9.2 Tolerances for Square, Rectangula
20、r, or Other ShapesTolerances for forged or rolled square, rectangular, or othershapes shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and themanufacturer at the time of purchase.9.3 Other Tolerances and Limitations:9.3.1 The permissible variations in cut lengths shall notexceed a total of 0.25 in. (6.
21、35 mm).TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementType 1(ReactorGradeUnalloyedNiobium)R04200Type 2(CommercialGradeUnalloyedNiobium)R04210Type 3(ReactorGradeNiobium-1%Zirconium)R04251Type 4(CommercialGradeNiobium-1%Zirconium)R04261Max Weight % (Except Where Otherwise Specified)Each Ingot:Carbon 0.01 0.01 0.
22、01 0.01Nitrogen 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01Oxygen 0.015 0.025 0.015 0.025Hydrogen 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015Zirconium 0.02 0.02 0.8 to 1.2(range)0.8 to 1.2(range)Tantalum 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5Iron 0.005 0.01 0.005 0.01Silicon 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005Tungsten 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.05Nickel 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005Molybd
23、enum 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.050Hafnium 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02Titanium 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03When Specified:Boron 2 ppm . 2 ppm .Aluminum 0.002 0.005 0.002 0.005Beryllium 0.005 . 0.005 .Chromium 0.002 . 0.002 .Cobalt 0.002 . 0.002 .TABLE 2 Brinell HardnessType 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4Maximum average 90 125 125
24、135Maximum per individual impression 105 150 140 150TABLE 3 Additional Chemical Requirements for FinishedProduct (When Specified by the Purchaser)ElementType 1(Reactor GradeUnalloyedNiobium)R04200Type 2(CommercialGradeUnalloyedNiobium)R04210Type 3(Reactor GradeNiobium1 %Zirconium)R04251Type 4(Commer
25、cialGradeNiobium1 %Zirconium)R04261Maximum Weight %Oxygen 0.0250 0.0400 0.0250 0.0400Carbon 0.0100 0.0150 0.0100 0.0150Nitrogen 0.0100 0.0100 0.0100 0.0100Hydrogen 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015TABLE 4 Mechanical Properties, Annealed Condition (90 %Minimum Recrystallized)GradeUltimate TensileStrength,
26、Min, psi(MPa)Yield Strength, psi(MPa)Elongationmin %,mmARod, 0.125 in. (3.18 mm) to 2.5 in. (63.5 mm) diameterTypes 1 and 2 18 000 (125) 10 500 (73) 25Types 3 and 4 28 000 (195) 18 000 (125) 20Wire, 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) to 0.124 in. (3.145 mm)Types 1 and 2 18 000 (125) . 20Types 3 and 4 28 000 (195)
27、. 15A10 in. (254 mm) gage length to 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) diameter, and 1 in. (25.4mm) or 2 in. (50.8 mm) gage length equal to or over 0.050 in. (1.27 mm).TABLE 5 Permissible Variations in Dimensions for Rolled,Swaged, or Drawn Rod and WireDiameter, in. (mm) Tolerances, plus or minus, in. (mm)0.0200.0
28、30 excl (0.510.76) 0.00075 (0.019)0.0300.060 excl (0.761.52) 0.001 (0.025)0.0600.090 excl (1.522.29) 0.0015 (0.038)0.0900.125 excl (2.293.18) 0.002 (0.051)0.1250.187 excl (3.184.75) 0.003 (0.076)0.1870.375 excl (4.759.53) 0.004 (0.102)0.3750.500 excl (9.5312.7) 0.005 (0.127)0.5000.625 excl (12.715.9
29、) 0.007 (0.178)0.6250.750 excl (15.919.1) 0.008 (0.203)0.7501.000 excl (19.125.4) 0.010 (0.254)1.0001.500 excl (25.438.1) 0.015 (0.381)1.5002.000 excl (38.150.8) 0.020 (0.508)2.0002.500 incl (50.863.5) 0.030 (0.762)B3920329.3.2 The permissible variation in straightness of roundsshall not exceed 0.05
30、0 in./ft (4.2 mm/m) in any length.9.4 Quantity or WeightFor orders requiring up to 100 ft(30.5 m) of finished product, the manufacturer may overship by20 %. When the order is for quantities up to 1000 ft (305 m) or1000 lb (453.6 kg), the manufacturer may overship by 10 %.The permissible overshipment
31、 shall be negotiated for orderslarger than this quantity.10. Quality and Finish10.1 Finished niobium and niobium alloy bar, rod, and wireshall be free of injurious internal and external imperfections ofa nature that will interfere with the purpose for which it wasintended. Material may be finished a
32、s-rolled, as-cleaned, as-ground, or as-machined. If shipped as hot-worked, cold-worked, cleaned, or ground, the manufacturer shall be permit-ted to remove minor surface imperfections, if such removaldoes not reduce the dimensions below the minimum permittedby the tolerances specified in Table 5.10.2
33、 The finished bars, rods, or wire shall be visibly free ofoxide, grease, oil, residual lubricants, and other extraneousmaterials.10.3 The finished bars, rods, or wire shall be visibly free ofcracks, seams, slivers, burrs, blisters, and other injuriousimperfections.10.4 Methods of testing for these d
34、efects and standards ofacceptability shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser.11. Sampling11.1 Samples for chemical and mechanical testing shall betaken from the finished material after all metallurgical process-ing to determine conformity to this specification. The samplesm
35、ay be taken prior to final inspection and minor surfaceconditioning by abrasion and pickling, and shall be represen-tative of the finished product.11.2 Care shall be exercised to ensure that the sampleselected for testing is representative of the material and that itis not contaminated by the sampli
36、ng procedure. If there is anyquestion relating to the sampling technique or the analysisthereof, the methods of sampling and analysis shall be asagreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer.12. Number of Tests and Retests12.1 A minimum of one sample from each lot of bars, rods,or wire shal
37、l be tested for tensile properties in the longitudinaldirection.12.2 If end-product chemical tests are required (6.3), onechemical test shall be made from each lot of finished product.12.3 RetestsIf any sample or specimen exhibits obvioussurface contamination or improper preparation, disqualifying i
38、tas a truly representative sample, it shall be discarded and a newsample or specimen substituted.12.3.1 In case of a failure, retest two additional specimens.If both retest specimens conform to this specification, discardthe original values and consider the material acceptable;otherwise, the lot sha
39、ll be rejected or reworked and tested.12.4 If the results of the final tube inspections are not inconformance with the requirements of this specification, the lotmay be reworked at the option of the manufacturer. The lotshall be acceptable if results of all tests, after reworking,conform to this spe
40、cification.13. Significance of Numerical Limits13.1 For the purposes of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties listed in thisspecification, an observed value or a calculated value shall berounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding methodof Practi
41、ce E 29.14. Test Methods14.1 Tension TestConduct tension tests in accordancewith Test Methods E 8. Determine the yield strength by the0.2 % offset method. Small size, 1-in. (25.4-mm) gage lengthspecimens proportional to the standard specimen can be used.Determine tensile properties using a strain ra
42、te of 0.003 to0.007 in./in.min (.076 to .178 mm/mmmin) through the yieldpoint. After the yield strength has been exceeded, increase thecross-head speed to approximately 0.02 to 0.05 in./in.min(.500 to 1.27 mm/mmmin) to failure.15. Inspection15.1 If so specified on the purchase order, the purchaser o
43、rhis representative may witness the testing and inspection of thematerial at the place of manufacture. In such cases, thepurchaser shall state in his purchase order which tests hedesires to witness. The manufacturer shall give ample notice tothe purchaser as to the time and place of the designated t
44、est. Ifthe purchasers representative does not present himself at theagreed-upon time for the testing, and if no new date is set, themanufacturer shall consider the requirement for purchasersinspection at the place of manufacture to be waived. When theinspector representing the purchaser does appear
45、at the ap-pointed place and time, the manufacturer shall afford him allreasonable facilities to see that the material is being furnishedin accordance with this specification. This inspection shall beconducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily with productionoperations.16. Rejection and Rehearing1
46、6.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reportedto the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer orsupplier may make claim for a rehearing.16.2 In the eve
47、nt of disagreement between the manufacturerand the purchaser about the conformance of the material to therequirements of this specification or any special test specifiedby the purchaser, a mutually acceptable referee shall performthe tests in question. The results of the referees testing shall beuse
48、d in determining conformance of the material to thisspecification.17. Certification17.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, aproducers or suppliers certification that the material wasmanufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected in accordancewith this specification, and found to meet th
49、e requirementsB392033shall be furnished to the purchaser. When specified in thepurchase order or contract, a report of the test results shall befurnished.18. Product Marking18.1 Each bar, rod, bundle, box, coil, or spool shall bemarked or tagged legibly and conspicuously with the numberof this specification, type, temper, heat number, manufacturersidentification, nominal size, and the gross, net, and tareweights. If marking fluids are used, they shall be of such anature as to be easily removed with cleaning solutions. Themarkings or th
