1、Designation: B392 091Standard Specification forNiobium and Niobium Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B392; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numb
2、er in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorial corrections were made throughout in January 2010.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers four grades of wrought nio-bium and niobium alloy
3、 bar, rod, and wire as follows:1.1.1 R04200-Type 1Reactor grade unalloyed niobium,1.1.2 R04210-Type 2Commercial grade unalloyed nio-bium,1.1.3 R04251-Type 3Reactor grade niobium alloy con-taining 1 % zirconium, and1.1.4 R04261-Type 4Commercial grade niobium alloycontaining 1 % zirconium.1.2 The valu
4、es stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion of this specifica
5、tion. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Docu
6、ments2.1 ASTM Standards:2B391 Specification for Niobium and Niobium Alloy IngotsE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive andRefractory
7、Metals3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 lot, na lot shall consist of all material produced fromthe same ingot at one time, with the same cross section,processed with the same nominal metallurgical parameters andheat treated at the same conditions.3.1.2 bar, nmate
8、rial less than 6 in. (152.4 mm) in widthand 0.187 in. (4.75 mm) or greater in thickness, with arectangular cross section, supplied in straight lengths.3.1.3 rod, nmaterial 0.125 to 2.50 in. (3.18 to 63.50 mm)in diameter, in round, hexagonal, or octagonal cross sectionsupplied in straight lengths.3.1
9、.4 wire, nmaterial 0.020 to 0.124 in. (0.51 to 3.15 mm)in diameter, furnished in coils or on spools or reels. Materialless than 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) in diameter is not covered by thisspecification.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for materials under this specification shall in-clude the following in
10、formation as applicable:4.1.1 Type and grade (Section 1),4.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue,4.1.3 Method of manufacture (Section 5),4.1.4 Temper designation (Section 8),4.1.5 Quantity in weight, number of pieces, and dimensions,4.1.6 Chemistry (6.3),4.1.7 Mechanical properties (Section 7),4.1.
11、8 Condition (8.2),4.1.9 Permissible Variations (9.2),4.1.10 Permissible overshipments (9.4),4.1.11 Quality and finish (Section 10),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.03 on
12、 Niobium and Tantalum.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B392 - 03. DOI:10.1520/B0392-09E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serv
13、iceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.12 Sampling (Section 11),4.1.13 Inspection (Section
14、 15),4.1.14 Required reports (Section 17), and4.1.15 Additions to the specification and supplementaryrequirements, as required.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Material covered by this specification shall be madefrom ingots that conform to Specification B391 and that areproduced by vacuum or plasma a
15、rc melting, vacuum electron-beam melting, or a combination of these three methods.5.2 The various niobium mill products covered by thisspecification are formed with the conventional extrusion,forging, swaging, rolling, and drawing equipment normallyavailable in metal working plants.6. Chemical Requi
16、rements6.1 The niobium and niobium alloy ingots and billets forconversion to finished products covered by this specificationshall conform to the requirements for chemical composition asprescribed in Table 1.6.2 The manufacturers ingot analysis shall be consideredthe chemical analysis for products su
17、pplied under this specifi-cation, except for interstitials as specified in 6.3.Alternately, ananalysis of a representative sample of in process or finalproduct from the same ingot may be substituted.6.3 When requested by the purchaser at the time of pur-chase, the manufacturer shall furnish a report
18、 certifying thevalues of the interstitial elements (C, O, N, H) on end product,as prescribed in Table 2 for each lot of material supplied. Endproduct interstitial samples must be taken after all thermal andchemical processing.6.4 Guide E2626 is recommended as a guide, where appli-cable.7. Mechanical
19、 Requirements7.1 The annealed materials supplied under this specificationshall conform to the requirements for mechanical properties asspecified in Table 3.8. Temper Designations8.1 Unless otherwise stated, the materials supplied underthese specifications shall be in the fully annealed condition,tha
20、t is, at least 90 % recrystallized.8.2 Other temper designations, such as cold-worked temperor stress-relieved temper, can be specified as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the manufacturer at the time ofpurchase.9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions and Weight9.1 Tolerances on RoundsTolerances
21、 on niobium andniobium alloy round products covered by this specificationshall be as prescribed in Table 4.9.2 Tolerances for Square, Rectangular, or Other ShapesTolerances for forged or rolled square, rectangular, or othershapes shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and themanufacturer at t
22、he time of purchase.9.3 Other Tolerances and Limitations:9.3.1 The permissible variations in cut lengths shall notexceed a total of 0.25 in. (6.35 mm).9.3.2 The permissible variation in straightness of roundsshall not exceed 0.050 in./ft (4.2 mm/m) in any length.9.4 Quantity or WeightFor orders requ
23、iring up to 100 ft(30.5 m) of finished product, the manufacturer may overship by20 %. When the order is for quantities up to 1000 ft (305 m) orTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElementType 1(ReactorGradeUnalloyedNiobium)R04200Type 2(CommercialGradeUnalloyedNiobium)R04210Type 3(ReactorGradeNiobium-1 %Zirc
24、onium)R04251Type 4(CommercialGradeNiobium-1%Zirconium)R04261Max Weight % (Except Where Otherwise Specified)Each Ingot:Carbon 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01Nitrogen 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01Oxygen 0.015 0.025 0.015 0.025Hydrogen 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015Zirconium 0.02 0.02 0.8 to 1.2(range)0.8to1.2(range)Tantalum 0
25、.1 0.3 0.1 0.5Iron 0.005 0.01 0.005 0.01Silicon 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005Tungsten 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.05Nickel 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005Molybdenum 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.050Hafnium 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02Titanium 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03When Specified:Boron 2 ppm . 2 ppm .Aluminum 0.002 0.005 0.002 0.005Beryllium 0.00
26、5 . 0.005 .Chromium 0.002 . 0.002 .Cobalt 0.002 . 0.002 .TABLE 2 Additional Chemical Requirements for FinishedProduct (When Specified by the Purchaser)ElementType 1(Reactor GradeUnalloyedNiobium)R04200Type 2(CommercialGradeUnalloyedNiobium)R04210Type 3(Reactor GradeNiobium1 %Zirconium)R04251Type 4(C
27、ommercialGradeNiobium1 %Zirconium)R04261Maximum Weight %Oxygen 0.0250 0.0400 0.0250 0.0400Carbon 0.0100 0.0150 0.0100 0.0150Nitrogen 0.0100 0.0100 0.0100 0.0100Hydrogen 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015TABLE 3 Mechanical Properties, Annealed Condition (90 %Minimum Recrystallized)GradeUltimate TensileStren
28、gth, Min, psi(MPa)Yield Strength, psi(MPa)Elongationmin %,mmARod, 0.125 in. (3.18 mm) to 2.5 in. (63.5 mm) diameterTypes 1 and 2 18 000 (125) 10 500 (73) 25Types 3 and 4 28 000 (195) 18 000 (125) 20Wire, 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) to 0.124 in. (3.15 mm)Types 1 and 2 18 000 (125) . 20Types 3 and 4 28 000 (1
29、95) . 15A10 in. (254 mm) gage length to 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) diameter, and 1 in. (25.4mm) or 2 in. (50.8 mm) gage length equal to or over 0.050 in. (1.27 mm).B392 09121000 lb (453.6 kg), the manufacturer may overship by 10 %.The permissible overshipment shall be negotiated for orderslarger than this
30、quantity.10. Quality and Finish10.1 Finished niobium and niobium alloy bar, rod, and wireshall be free of injurious internal and external imperfections ofa nature that will interfere with the purpose for which it wasintended. Material may be finished as-rolled, as-cleaned, as-ground, or as-machined.
31、 If shipped as hot-worked, cold-worked, cleaned, or ground, the manufacturer shall be permit-ted to remove minor surface imperfections, if such removaldoes not reduce the dimensions below the minimum permittedby the tolerances specified in Table 4.10.2 The finished bars, rods, or wire shall be visib
32、ly free ofoxide, grease, oil, residual lubricants, and other extraneousmaterials.10.3 The finished bars, rods, or wire shall be visibly free ofcracks, seams, slivers, burrs, blisters, and other injuriousimperfections.10.4 Methods of testing for these defects and standards ofacceptability shall be as
33、 agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser.11. Sampling11.1 Samples for chemical and mechanical testing shall betaken from the finished material after all metallurgical process-ing to determine conformity to this specification. The samplesmay be taken prior to final inspection and minor
34、surfaceconditioning by abrasion and pickling, and shall be represen-tative of the finished product.11.2 Care shall be exercised to ensure that the sampleselected for testing is representative of the material and that itis not contaminated by the sampling procedure. If there is anyquestion relating t
35、o the sampling technique or the analysisthereof, the methods of sampling and analysis shall be asagreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer.12. Number of Tests and Retests12.1 A minimum of one sample from each lot of bars, rods,or wire shall be tested for tensile properties in the longit
36、udinaldirection.12.2 If end-product chemical tests are required (6.3), onechemical test shall be made from each lot of finished product.12.3 RetestsIf any sample or specimen exhibits obvioussurface contamination or improper preparation, disqualifying itas a truly representative sample, it shall be d
37、iscarded and a newsample or specimen substituted.12.3.1 In case of a failure, retest two additional specimens.If both retest specimens conform to this specification, discardthe original values and consider the material acceptable;otherwise, the lot shall be rejected or reworked and tested.12.4 If th
38、e results of the final product inspections are not inconformance with the requirements of this specification, the lotmay be reworked at the option of the manufacturer. The lotshall be acceptable if results of all tests, after reworking,conform to this specification.13. Significance of Numerical Limi
39、ts13.1 For the purposes of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties listed in thisspecification, an observed value or a calculated value shall berounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding methodof Practice E29.14. Test Methods14.1 Tension TestCondu
40、ct tension tests in accordancewith Test Methods E8. Determine the yield strength by the0.2 % offset method. Small size, 1-in. (25.4-mm) gage lengthspecimens proportional to the standard specimen can be used.Determine tensile properties using a strain rate of 0.003 to0.007 in./in./min (.076 to .178 m
41、m/mm/min) through the yieldpoint. After the yield strength has been exceeded, increase thecross-head speed to approximately 0.02 to 0.05 in./in./min(.500 to 1.27 mm/mm/min) to failure.15. Inspection15.1 If so specified on the purchase order, the purchaser orhis representative may witness the testing
42、 and inspection of thematerial at the place of manufacture. In such cases, thepurchaser shall state in his purchase order which tests hedesires to witness. The manufacturer shall give ample notice tothe purchaser as to the time and place of the designated test. Ifthe purchasers representative does n
43、ot present himself at theagreed-upon time for the testing, and if no new date is set, themanufacturer shall consider the requirement for purchasersinspection at the place of manufacture to be waived. When theinspector representing the purchaser does appear at the ap-pointed place and time, the manuf
44、acturer shall afford him allreasonable facilities to see that the material is being furnishedin accordance with this specification. This inspection shall beconducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily with productionoperations.16. Rejection and Rehearing16.1 Material that fails to conform to the r
45、equirements ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reportedto the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer orsupplier may make claim for a rehearing.16.2 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturer
46、and the purchaser about the conformance of the material to therequirements of this specification or any special test specifiedTABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Dimensions for Rolled,Swaged, or Drawn Rod and WireDiameter, in. (mm) Tolerances, plus or minus, in. (mm)0.0200.030 excl (0.510.76) 0.00075
47、(0.019)0.0300.060 excl (0.761.52) 0.001 (0.025)0.0600.090 excl (1.522.29) 0.0015 (0.038)0.0900.125 excl (2.293.18) 0.002 (0.051)0.1250.187 excl (3.184.75) 0.003 (0.076)0.1870.375 excl (4.759.53) 0.004 (0.102)0.3750.500 excl (9.5312.7) 0.005 (0.127)0.5000.625 excl (12.715.9) 0.007 (0.178)0.6250.750 e
48、xcl (15.919.1) 0.008 (0.203)0.7501.000 excl (19.125.4) 0.010 (0.254)1.0001.500 excl (25.438.1) 0.015 (0.381)1.5002.000 excl (38.150.8) 0.020 (0.508)2.0002.500 incl (50.863.5) 0.030 (0.762)B392 0913by the purchaser, a mutually acceptable referee shall performthe tests in question. The results of the
49、referees testing shall beused in determining conformance of the material to thisspecification.17. Certification17.1 A producers or suppliers certification that the mate-rial was manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected inaccordance with this specification, and found to meet therequirements shall be furnished to the purchaser. When speci-fied in the purchase order or contract, a report of the test resultsshall be furnished.18. Product Marking18.1 Each bar, rod, bundle, box, coil, or spool shall bemarked or tagged legibly and con
