1、Designation: B447 12Standard Specification forWelded Copper Tube1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B447; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates
2、 the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes the requirements forwelded copper tube with a longitu
3、dinal seam free of filler metalproduced from sheet or strip of the following coppers:Copper UNS Nos. Type of CopperC10100 Oxygen-free electronicC10200 Oxygen-freeC10300 Oxygen-free, extra low phosphorusC10800 Oxygen-free, low phosphorusC11000 Electrolytic tough pitchC12000 Phosphorus deoxidized, low
4、 residual phosphorusC12200 Phosphorus deoxidized, high residual phosphorusC14200 Phosphorus deoxidized, arsenical1.2 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, product furnished of any listed copper, with the excep-tion of copper C11000, shall be considered acceptable.1.2.1 Copper
5、C11000 welded tube shall not be used inapplications where hydrogen embrittlement during heating is aconcern.1.3 UnitsValues stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard except for grain size, which is given in SIunits. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI uni
6、ts, which are provided for informationonly and are not considered standard.1.4 The following hazard caveat pertains only to Section 13of this specification: This standard does not purport to addressall of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It isthe responsibility of the user of th
7、is standard to establishappropriate safety and health practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper andCopper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Elect
8、rolytic CopperRefinery ShapesB193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hy-drogen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in CopperB601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copperand Copper AlloysWrought and CastB846 Terminology for
9、 Copper and Copper AlloysE3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of MetallicMaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in UnalloyedCopper by
10、 GravimetryE62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper andCopper Alloys (Photometric Methods)3E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Copper and Copper-Alloy TubesE255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for
11、the Determination of Chemical CompositionE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copperalloys refer to Terminology B846.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 lengths, mill, n
12、straight lengths, including ends thatare conveniently manufactured in the mills.3.2.1.1 DiscussionFull-length pieces are usually 10, 12,or 20 ft (3.0, 3.7, or 6.1 m) and subject to established lengthtolerances.3.2.2 lengths, stock, nstraight lengths that are mill cut andstored in advance of orders.3
13、.2.2.1 DiscussionStock lengths are usually 6 to 20 ft (1.8to 6.1 m) and subject to established tolerances.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipeand Tube.Current edition approved Apr
14、il 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as B447 07. DOI:10.1520/B0447-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume inform
15、ation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, W
16、est Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Classification4.1 The following types of welded tube are manufacturedunder this specification:4.1.1 As-WeldedAcondition created as a result of formingsheet or plate into tubular form and welding without subse-quent heat treatment or cold work.4.1.2 W
17、elded and AnnealedWelded tube annealed to pro-duce a uniform grain size appropriate to the specified annealedtemper.4.1.3 Welded and Cold DrawnWelded tube with internaland external flash removed by scarfing or the internal flashdisplaced and subsequently cold drawn to conform to aspecified temper.4.
18、1.4 Fully Finished:4.1.4.1 Welded tube with internal and external flash re-moved by scarfing and subsequently cold drawn over amandrel and annealed as necessary to conform to the specifiedtemper.4.1.4.2 Welded tube that has been mechanically workedsmooth without the need for internal or external sca
19、rfing orother metal removal and subsequently cold drawn over amandrel and annealed as necessary to conform to the specifiedsize and temper.5. Ordering Information5.1 Include the following information when placing ordersfor product under this specification, as applicable:5.1.1 ASTM designation and ye
20、ar of issue,5.1.2 Copper UNS No. designation (for example, C10300),5.1.3 Tube type (Classification, 4),5.1.4 Internal flash treatment (see 6.2.4),5.1.5 Temper (Section 8),5.1.6 Dimensions; diameter, wall thickness, length, and soforth (Section 14),5.1.7 How furnished; straight length or coil,5.1.8 Q
21、uantity; total weight or number of pieces or coilseach copper, tube type, size, and temper, and5.1.9 When product is purchased for electrical conductorapplication (Section 10.1).5.2 The following are options available under this specifi-cation and shall be specified in the contract or purchase order
22、when required:5.2.1 Heat identification or traceability details (see 6.1.2),5.2.2 Microscopical examination microphotographs (see12.1),5.2.3 Hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility test (Section12.2),5.2.4 Hydrostatic test (see 13.2),5.2.5 Pneumatic test (see 13.3),5.2.6 Certification (Section 23), an
23、d5.2.7 Test Report (Section 24).6. Material and Manufacture6.1 Material:6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be sheet or strip ofone of the Copper UNS Nos. listed in 1.1 of such purity andsoundness as to be suitable for processing into the productsprescribed herein.6.1.2 When specified in the con
24、tract or purchase order, thatheat identification or traceability is required, the purchasershall specify the details desired.NOTE 1Due to the discontinuous nature of the processing of castingsinto wrought products, it is not always practical to identify a specificcasting analysis with a specific qua
25、ntity of finished material.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 The product shall be manufactured by forming thematerial into a tubular shape on a suitable forming mill.6.2.2 Welding shall be accomplished by any process thatproduces forge or fusion welds leaving no crevice in the weldseam visible to the unaided ey
26、e.6.2.2.1 Forge-Welded TubeThe edges of the strip shall beheated to the required welding temperature, usually by ahigh-frequency electric current and be pressed firmly togethercausing a forged-type joint to be formed with internal andexternal flash.6.2.2.2 Fusion-Welded TubeThe edges of the strip sh
27、all bebrought together and welded, usually by a GTAW weldingprocess, without the addition of filler metal, causing a fusion-type joint to be formed with no internal or external flash.6.2.3 Flash RemovalThe external flash of forge weldedtube shall be removed by scarfing and the internal flash shall b
28、etreated by one of the following techniques:6.2.3.1 IFIInternal flash to remain in the as-welded con-dition.6.2.3.2 IFRInternal flash to be removed by scarfing.6.2.3.3 IFDInternal flash displaced by rolling or drawing.6.2.4 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the welded tube
29、 shall be furnished with the internal flashin the IFI condition.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical composi-tional requirements in Table 1 for the Copper UNS No.designation specified in the ordering information.7.1.1 These composition limits do not preclude the pres
30、enceof other elements. By agreement between the manufacturer andTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCopperUNS No.Composition, %Copper,AminPhosphorus ArsenicMin Max Min MaxC10100 99.99B,C. . . .C10200 99.95D. . . .C10300 99.95E0.001 0.005 . .C10800 99.95E0.005 0.012 . .C11000 99.90 . . . .C12000 99.90 0.004
31、 0.012 . .C12200 99.9 0.015 0.040 . .C14200 99.4 0.015 0.040 0.15 0.50ACopper (including silver).BThis value is exclusive of silver and shall be determined by difference of“impurity total” from 100 %. “Impurity total” is defined as the sum of sulfur, silver,lead, tin, bismuth, arsenic, antimony, iro
32、n, nickel, zinc, phosphorus, selenium,tellurium, manganese, cadmium, and oxygen present in the sample.CImpurity maximums for C10100 shall be: antimony 4, arsenic 5, bismuth 1,cadmium 1, iron 10, lead 5, manganese 0.5, nickel 10, oxygen 5, phosphorus 3,selenium 3, silver 25, sulfur 15, tellurium 2, t
33、in 2, and zinc 1.DOxygen in C10200 shall be 10 ppm max.ECopper + silver + phosphorus.B447 122the purchaser, limits may be established and analysis requiredfor unnamed elements.8. Temper8.1 Tempers, as defined in Classification B601,ofthevarious tube types are as follows:8.1.1 As-Welded:8.1.1.1 As-we
34、lded from annealed strip WM50,8.1.1.2 As-welded from half hard strip WM02, and8.1.1.3 As-welded from hard strip WM04.8.1.2 Welded and Annealed:8.1.2.1 Welded and soft annealed W060, and8.1.2.2 Welded and light annealed W050.8.1.3 Welded and Cold Drawn:8.1.3.1 Welded and drawn eighth hard WH00,8.1.3.
35、2 Welded and drawn half hard WH02, and8.1.3.3 Welded and hard drawn WH04.8.1.4 Fully Finished:8.1.4.1 Fully finished, soft annealed O60,8.1.4.2 Fully finished, light annealed O50,8.1.4.3 Fully finished, light drawn H55,8.1.4.4 Fully finished, drawn general purpose H58, and8.1.4.5 Fully finished, har
36、d drawn H80.9. Grain Size for Annealed Welded Tube and AnnealedFully Finished Welded Tube9.1 Grain size shall be the standard requirement for allproduct in the annealed tempers.9.2 Acceptance or rejection based upon grain size shalldepend only on the average grain size of a test specimen takenfrom e
37、ach of two sample portions, and each specimen shall bewithin the limits prescribed in Table 2 when determined inaccordance with Test Methods E112.10. Physical Property Requirements10.1 Electrical Resistivity Requirements:10.1.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, theproduct purchased f
38、or electrical conductor applications shallconform to the electrical mass resistivity requirements pre-scribed in Table 3 when tested in accordance with SpecificationB193.NOTE 2The International Annealed Copper Standard electrical con-ductivity equivalents are given in Appendix X2.11. Mechanical Prop
39、erty Requirements11.1 Tensile Strength Requirements:11.1.1 As welded, welded and cold drawn, and fully fin-ished tube in drawn tempers furnished under this specificationshall conform to the tensile strength requirements prescribed inTable 4 when tested in accordance with Test Methods E8/E8M.11.1.2 A
40、cceptance or rejection based on mechanical prop-erties shall depend only on tensile strength.11.2 Rockwell Hardness Requirements:11.2.1 The approximate Rockwell hardness values given inTable 2 and Table 4 are for general information and assistancein testing and shall not be used as a basis for produ
41、ct rejection.NOTE 3The Rockwell hardness test offers a quick and convenientmethod for checking general conformity to the specification requirementsfor temper, tensile strength, and grain size.12. Performance Requirements12.1 Microscopical Examination:12.1.1 Tubes produced of coppers C10100, C10200,C
42、10300, and C12000 shall be free of cuprous oxide asdetermined by Procedure A of Test Methods B577.12.1.2 When specified in the ordering information, micro-photographs of the manufactures test specimens shall beprovided (see 5.2.2).12.2 Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility Test:12.2.1 Samples of Cop
43、pers UNS Nos. C10100, C10200,C10300, C10800, C12000, C12200, and C14200 shall becapable of passing the embrittlement test of Procedure B ofTest Methods B577. The actual performance of this test is notmandatory under the terms of this specification unless specifiedat the time of ordering. In case of
44、a dispute, a referee methodin accordance with Procedure C shall be used.12.3 Expansion Test Requirements:12.3.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order,tube furnished in annealed tempers shall be capable of with-standing expansion in accordance with Test Method B153 tothe following extent:T
45、ABLE 2 Property Requirements of Annealed Welded Tube and Annealed Fully Finished Welded TubeTemperOutside Diameter,in.Wall Thickness,in. (mm)Approximate Rockwell HardnessAAverage GrainSize, mmScale ValueSoft anneal, (O60) all 0.016 (0.406)0.035 (0.889), incl. 15T 60 max 0.040 minover 0.035 (0.889) F
46、 50 max 0.040 minLight anneal, (O50) all 0.016 (0.406)0.035 (0.889), incl. 15T 65 max 0.040 maxover 0.035 (0.889) F 55 max 0.040 maxARockwell hardness value shall apply only to tube having a wall thickness 0.016 in. (0.406 mm) or over and to tube having an inside diameter of516 in. (7.94-mm) orover.
47、 For all other tube, no Rockwell values shall apply. Rockwell hardness tests shall be made on the inside surface of the tube. If suitable equipment is not available fordetermining the specified Rockwell hardness requirements in this specification, then other Rockwell scales and values shall be speci
48、fied, subject to agreement betweenmanufacturer, or supplier and purchaser. On welded and annealed tube, the Rockwell hardness test shall not be taken at the weld.TABLE 3 Electrical ResistivityTempersElectrical Resistivity, max, Vg/m2Copper Alloy UNS Nos.C10100 C10200C10300andC12000C11000 C12000Annea
49、led 0.151 76 0.153 28 0.156 14 0.153 28 0.170 31Drawn 0.156 14 0.157 37 0.159 40 0.157 75 0.174 18B447 123Outside Diameterin. (mm)Expansion of Outside Diameter,Percent (%)Up to34 (19.0) and under 40Over34 (19.0) 3012.3.2 The expanded tube area shall show no cracking orother defects visible to the unaided eye.13. Other Requirements13.1 Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Test:13.1.1 Each tube up to and including 318-in. (79.4-mm)outside diameter, shall be passed through an eddy-currenttesting unit adjusted to provide information on the suitability ofthe tube f
