1、Designation: B49 10Standard Specification forCopper Rod Drawing Stock for Electrical Purposes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B49; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumbe
2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the requirements for rod draw-ing
3、stock in diameters from14 to 138 in. (6.4 to 35 mm)produced from electrolytic tough-pitch or oxygen-free coppersand are suitable for further fabrication into electrical conduc-tors.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematic
4、alconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only toSection 13. This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the use
5、r of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents in the current issue of theBook of Standards form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced h
6、erein and define materials suitable for use in rodmanufacture:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B5 Specification for High Conductivity Tough-Pitch Cop-per Refinery ShapesB115 Specification for Electrolytic Copper CathodeB170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic CopperRefinery ShapesB193 Test Method for Resi
7、stivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB224 Classification of CoppersB577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hy-drogen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in CopperB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell
8、 Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in UnalloyedCopper by GravimetryE478 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of CopperAlloysE1606 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy
9、-Current) Exami-nation of Copper Redraw Rod for Electrical PurposesE2575 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen in Copperand Copper Alloys2.3 Other Document:NBS Handbook 100 Copper Wire Tables33. Terminology3.1 For definitions of general terms relating to copper andcopper alloys refer to Terminolog
10、y B846.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for rod under this specification shall include thefollowing information:4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,4.1.2 Quantity of each size,4.1.3 UNS designation and requirements of copper (Sec-tions 5-10),4.1.4 Finish (Sections 9 and 10),4.1.5 Package with
11、or without joints (see 5.3),4.1.6 Rod diameter (see 9.2),4.1.7 Inspection (Section 15),4.1.8 Package size (see 19.1), and4.1.9 Special package marking as agreed upon between themanufacturer and the purchaser (Section 19).4.2 The following requirements are optional and should bespecified in the contr
12、act or purchase order when required.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.07 onRefined Copper.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 1923. Last
13、previous edition approved in 2009 as B49 09. DOI:10.1520/B0049-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM web
14、site.3Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 PortRoyal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161, http:/www.ntis.gov.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Uni
15、ted States.4.2.1 Certification (Section 17) and4.2.2 Test Report (Section 18).5. Material and Manufacture5.1 The rod shall be fabricated from copper of such qualityand purity that the finished product shall have the propertiesand characteristics prescribed in this specification.NOTE 1The following s
16、pecifications define materials suitable for use:Specification B5, or Specification B115, or Specification B170.5.2 Copper of special qualities, forms, or types, as agreedupon between the manufacturer and the purchaser and that willconform to the requirements prescribed in this specificationmay also
17、be used.5.3 The rod coils shall be furnished in continuous lengthswith or without joints, as ordered.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Each rod type shall conform to the chemical composi-tion requirements prescribed in Table 1 for the type of copperordered (Section 5).6.2 By agreement between the manufactu
18、rer and the pur-chaser, the addition of silver up to an average of 30 troy oz pershort ton of copper (0.10 %) will be considered within thespecification, copper including silver in the chemical analysis,with no individual silver analysis to exceed 35 troy oz per shortton (0.12 %). In the case of oxy
19、gen-free silver-bearing coppers,the designation OFS (oxygen-free, silver-bearing) will be usedas shown in Classification B224 and will include the UNS Nos.C10400, C10500, and C10700 as defined by the agreed silvercontent.6.3 Silver-bearing tough-pitch copper corresponds to thedesignation STP (silver
20、-bearing tough-pitch) as shown inClassification B224 and to coppers having UNS Nos. C11300,C11400, C11500, and C11600.6.4 Oxygen ContentOxygen-free copper as describedherein is defined as a copper containing not in excess of0.0010 % (10 ppm) oxygen and produced without the use ofmetallic or other de
21、oxidizers.7. Physical Property Requirements7.1 Electrical ResistivityResistivity of the copper in theannealed condition (See Note X1.1) shall not exceed thefollowing values at 20C:Type of Copper Resistivity, max, at 20CAnnealed, V g/m2UNS C10100 only 0.15176 (101.00 % IACS min)All others 0.15328 (10
22、0.00 % IACS min)8. Mechanical Property Requirements8.1 Tensile TestsRod finished by hot working or annealingshall have a minimum elongation of 30 % in 10 in. (250 mm).(Note X1.2 and Test Methods E8.)8.2 Torsion (Twist) TestsTorsion tests are not a require-ment of this specification. However, a discu
23、ssion will be foundin Note X1.3.8.3 Embrittlement (Bend) Test:8.3.1 A test to reflect propensity towards hydrogen em-brittlement shall be performed only on oxygen-free copper.8.3.2 The specimen shall be tested in accordance with 13.6and Specification B170.8.3.3 The specimen, prepared and tested from
24、 the OFE(oxygen-free electronic) copper (UNS C10100) listed in Table1, shall withstand without breaking into two pieces, a minimumof ten (10) reverse bends.8.3.4 The specimen, prepared and tested from the OF(oxygen-free) copper (UNS C10200) listed in Table 1, shallwithstand, without breaking into tw
25、o pieces, a minimum ofeight (8) reverse bends.8.4 AnnealabilityAnnealability is not a requirement ofthis specification. However, a discussion will be found in NotesX1.4-X1.6.9. Other Requirements9.1 Surface OxideThe surface oxide film thickness shallbe determined in accordance with 13.5.9.1.1 Total
26、thickness of the copper oxide film on cleanedcopper rod or annealed shaved rod or cold-finished rod shallnot exceed 750 (7.5 3 108m).9.1.2 The residual oxide film thickness on as-shaved roddoes not need to be specified.9.1.3 A surface oxide requirement is not necessary for rodordered uncleaned.9.2 D
27、iameterThe diameter of the rod at any point shallnot vary from that specified by more than the amountsprescribed in Table 2.9.3 Electromagnetic (Eddy-current) ExaminationElectromagnetic examination of copper redraw rod is not aTABLE 1 Chemical CompositionAUNS NumberCopper TypeC11040ETPC10100OFEBC102
28、00OFCC11000ETPCopper, min 99.90 %D99.99 %D99.95 %Eincl silver99.90 %Eincl silverppm ppm ppm ppmTellurium, max 2 2 . . . . . .Selenium, max 2 3 . . . . . .Bismuth, max 1.0 1.0 . . . . . .Grouptotal,max 3 . . .Antimony, max 4 4 . . . . . .Arsenic, max 5 5 . . . . . .Tin,max 5 2 . .Lead, max 5 5 . . .
29、. . .Iron, max 10 10 . . . . . .Nickel, max 10 10 . . . . . .Sulfur, max 15 15 . . . . . .Silver, max 25 25 . . . . . .Oxygen 100650 5 max 10 max . . .Maximum allowabletotal65F. . .Cadmium, max . . . 1 . . . . . .Phosphorus, max . . . 3 . . . . . .Zinc,max . 1 . .Manganese, max . . . 0.5 . . . . . .
30、ASee 13.1.2.BFrom B170 Grade 1 copper or equivalent.CFrom B170 Grade 2 copper or equivalent.DBy difference. See 13.1.2 and 13.1.3.ESee 13.1.1.FNot including oxygen.B49102requirement of this specification. If it is performed for detect-ing surface discontinuities, however, a discussion will be foundi
31、n Note X1.7.10. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance10.1 The rod shall be free of defects, but blemishes of anature that do not interfere with the intended application areacceptable.11. Sampling11.1 Routine SamplingFor the routine analysis of copperrod coils, the methods of sampling shall be at the di
32、scretion ofthe tester.11.2 This procedure shall be used in case of rod disputebetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.11.2.1 A lot shall be considered as a single coil of finishedrod. A minimum of two samples of sufficient length shall betaken from the suspected non-conforming rod coil for re-tes
33、ting. Samples may be taken from either end of the rod coilat the discretion of the tester. Specific numbers and locationsshall be determined between the producer and user. If the testpieces from both test samples pass the appropriate test(s), thenthe coil shall be deemed to conform to the particular
34、 require-ment(s) of the standard. If a test piece fails a test, the rod coilrepresented in the shipping lot shall be deemed not to conformto this standard.11.2.2 A shipping lot shall be the quantity of rod in coilform that is present in a single container, such as a truck orrailroad car.11.3 When a
35、cast refinery shape has been chemicallyanalyzed and converted into rod without remelting, furtherchemical analysis shall not be required.12. Number of Tests and Retests12.1 Tests:12.1.1 Chemical AnalysisChemical composition shall bedetermined in accordance with the element mean of the resultsfrom at
36、 least two replicate analyses of the sample(s).12.1.2 Other Tests:12.1.2.1 Electrical Resistivity, Tensile Elongation, Diam-eter, and Surface OxideResults shall be reported as theaverage obtained from at least two test specimens, each takenfrom a separate test piece where possible.12.1.2.2 Hydrogen
37、Embrittlement Test and MicroscopicalExaminationAll specimens tested must meet the require-ments of the specification.12.2 Retests:12.2.1 When requested by the manufacturer or supplier, aretest shall be permitted when results of tests obtained by thepurchaser fail to conform to the requirements of th
38、e productspecification.12.2.2 The retest shall be as directed in the product speci-fication for the initial test except the number of test specimensshall be twice that normally required for the specified test.12.2.3 All test specimens shall conform to the productspecification requirement(s) in retes
39、t. Failure to conform shallbe cause for rejection.13. Test Methods13.1 Chemical Analysis:13.1.1 In case of dispute, copper content of the coppersother than UNS C10100 and UNS C11040 in Table 1 shall bedetermined in accordance with Test Method E53.13.1.2 Analytical method for determining impurity lev
40、els ofcoppers listed in Table 1 shall be in accordance with Specifi-cation B115.13.1.3 Copper content of UNS C10100 and UNS C11040types shall be calculated by subtracting from 100 % the totalimpurity concentration determined. The impurity total for UNSC10100 is defined as the sum of sulfur, silver,
41、lead, tin,bismuth, arsenic, antimony, iron, nickel, zinc, phosphorus,selenium, tellurium, manganese, cadmium, and oxygen presentin the sample. The impurity total for UNS C11040 is defined asthe sum of sulfur, silver, lead, tin, bismuth, arsenic, antimony,iron, nickel, selenium, tellurium, and oxygen
42、 present in thesample.13.1.4 The test methods annex of Specification B170 shouldbe referenced for the oxygen-free coppers. Test Method E478should be referenced for the determination of silver-bearingalloys permitted under this specification.13.1.5 Oxygen content shall be determined on cleanedcopper
43、samples using a suitable laboratory apparatus or acommercial instrument designed specifically for this purpose.Test Method E2575 shall be referenced to determine oxygencontent in copper and copper alloys only for the range 5 to 400ppm since standards have not been developed above this range.13.2 Ten
44、sile ElongationElongation shall be determined asthe permanent increase in length, caused by breaking of the rodin tension, measured between gage marks placed originally 10in. (250 mm) apart upon the test specimen (Note X1.2). Thefracture shall be between gage marks and not closer than 1 in.(25 mm) t
45、o either gage mark.13.3 Electrical Resistivity:13.3.1 At the option of the manufacturer, electrical resistiv-ity shall be determined in accordance with 13.3.2 or 13.3.3.However, in case of dispute, 13.3.2 shall apply.13.3.2 Resistance measurements (Note X1.1) shall be madeon specimens of the rod aft
46、er cleaning and processing down toTABLE 2 Permissible Variations in DiameterNominal Diameter, in. (mm)Permissible Variation, in.(mm)14 (6.4) +0.020 (+0.51)0.010 (0.25)Over14 (6.4) to34 in. (19 mm) incl. 60.015 (60.38)Over34 (19) to 1.0 in. (25 mm) incl. 60.020 (60.51)Over 1.0 (25) to 138 in. (35 mm)
47、 incl. 60.030 (60.76)TABLE 3 Equivalent Resistivity ValuesAConductivity at 68F (20C), % IACS 100.00 101.00V lb/mile2875.20 866.53V g/m20.153 28 0.151 76V c mil/ft 10.371 10.268V mm2/m 0.017 241 0 0.017 070V in. 0.678 79 0.672 07V cm 1.7241 1.7070AThe equivalent resistivity values for 100 % IACS (sof
48、t copper) were eachcomputed from the fundamental IEC value (1/58 V mm2/m) using conversionfactors each accurate to at least seven significant figures.B49103a diameter of approximately 0.080 in. (2.0 mm) and annealingat approximately 932F (500C) for 30 min. Other equivalentannealing methods may be us
49、ed. Test specimens processed toa diameter other than 0.080 in. may be used if agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.13.3.3 Resistance measurements may be determined onspecimens of the rod after cleaning, but without furtherprocessing and annealing. However, in the event of failure of arod specimen to conform to the criteria of 7.1, a retest ispermitted using the procedure of 13.3.2.13.3.4 Electrical resistivity shall be determined in accor-dance with Test Method B193 except that when the option of13.3.3 is elected, the
