1、Designation: B493/B493M 081Standard Specification forZirconium and Zirconium Alloy Forgings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B493/B493M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEAn editorial correction was made in 12.1 in February 2010.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers three grades of zirconium andzirconium alloy
3、 forgings.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-confor
4、mancewith the standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 12, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety problems,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to esta
5、blish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials3. Terminology3.1 Lot Definition:3.1.1 forgings, nparts, including semi-finished pr
6、oducts,or complex shapes, produced by hot mechanical work usinghammers, presses, or forging machines; a lot shall consist of amaterial of the same size, shape, condition, and finish producedfrom the same ingot or powder blend by the same reductionschedule and the same heat treatment parameters. Unle
7、ssotherwise agreed between manufacturer and purchaser, a lotshall be limited to the product of an 8 h period for finalcontinuous anneal, or to a single furnace load for final batchanneal.4. Classification4.1 The forgings are furnished in three grades as follows:4.1.1 Grade R60702Unalloyed zirconium.
8、4.1.2 Grade R60704Zirconium-tin alloy.4.1.3 Grade R60705Zirconium-niobium alloy.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information:5.1.1 Quantity (weight and number of pieces),5.1.2 Name of material (zirconium forgings),5.1.3 Finish (Sectio
9、n 9),5.1.4 Dimension (diameter, thickness, length, width, or asspecified in appropriate drawings),5.1.5 ASTM designation and year of issue,5.1.6 Grade number (see 3.1), and5.1.7 Additions to the specification and supplementary re-quirements, if required, including, but not limited to: productmarking
10、 (see 17.1), check analysis (see 7.3), inspection (see13.1), lot definition (see 3.1.1), internal soundness (see S1.1),and surface quality (see S2.1) requirements.NOTE 1A typical ordering description is as follows: 8000-lb zirco-nium forgings, mechanically descaled, 100 mm by 120 mm by 1.2 m.rectang
11、ular bar, ASTM B493/ 493M - 08, Grade R60702.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 The forgings shall be formed with conventional forgingequipment normally found in primary ferrous and nonferrousmetal plants.6.2 Forgings shall be furnished in the annealed conditions.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The material
12、 shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.02 on Zirconium and Hafnium.Current edition approved
13、Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B493 01 (2003).DOI: 10.1520/B0493_B0493M-08E01.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SB-493 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standar
14、ds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
15、19428-2959, United States.7.2 The manufacturers ingot analysis shall be consideredthe chemical analysis for forgings, except for hydrogen andnitrogen, which shall be determined on the finished product.7.3 When requested by the purchaser and stated in thepurchase order, a check analysis for any eleme
16、nts listed inTable 1 shall be made on the finished product.7.3.1 The manufacturers analysis shall be considered asverified if the check analysis confirms the manufacturersreported values within the tolerances prescribed in Table 2.8. Workmanship and Quality Level Requirements8.1 The material shall b
17、e free of injurious imperfections.Minor surface imperfections may be removed by spot grindingif such grinding does not reduce the dimensions of the finishedpiece below the minimum permitted by the tolerance for theproduct.9. Finish and Appearance9.1 The forgings shall have one of the following surfa
18、ceconditions as specified in the purchase order:9.1.1 As forged,9.1.2 Mechanically descaled, or9.1.3 Mechanically descaled and pickled.10. Tensile Requirements10.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens,shall conform to the tensile properties prescribed in Table 3.11. Number of Tests and
19、 Retests11.1 Two tension tests shall be performed on each lot.11.2 Two chemistry tests for hydrogen and nitrogen contentshall be performed on each lot of finished product.11.3 Retests:11.3.1 If any sample or specimen exhibits obvious surfacecontamination or improper preparation disqualifying it as a
20、truly representative sample, it shall be discarded and a newsample or specimen substituted.11.3.2 If the results of any tests of any lot do not conform tothe requirements specified, retests shall be made on additionalforgings of double the original number from the same lot, eachof which shall confor
21、m to the requirements specified.12. Test Methods12.1 Tension TestsTension tests shall be performed inaccordance with Test Methods E8. Determine the yield strengthby the offset (0.2 %) method. Determine the tensile propertiesusing a strain rate of 0.003 to 0.007 mm/mm/min. in./in./min.through the yie
22、ld strength. After the yield strength has beenexceeded, increase the cross-head speed to approximately 0.05mm/mm/min. in./in./min. to failure.12.2 Chemical TestsThe chemical analyses shall be per-formed according to the standard techniques normally used bythe manufacturer.13. Inspection13.1 The manu
23、facturer shall inspect the material covered bythis specification prior to shipment. If so specified in thepurchase order, the purchaser or his representative may witnessthe testing and inspection of the material at the place ofmanufacture. In such cases, the purchaser shall state in hispurchase orde
24、r which tests he desires to witness. The manu-facturer shall give ample notice to the purchaser as to the timeand place of the designated tests. If the purchasers represen-tative does not present himself at the time agreed upon for thetesting, the manufacturer shall consider the requirement for thep
25、urchasers inspection at the place of manufacture to bewaived.13.2 The manufacturer shall afford the inspector represent-ing the purchaser, without charge, all reasonable facilities tosatisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordancewith this specification. This inspection shall be so co
26、nducted asnot to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works.14. Rejection and Rehearing14.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reportedto the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction
27、 with the results of the test, the producer orsupplier may make claim for a rehearing.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAElementComposition, %UNS Grade DesignationR60702 R60704 R60705Zirconium + hafnium, minB99.2 97.5 95.5Hafnium, max 4.5 4.5 4.5Iron + chromium 0.2 max 0.2 to 0.4 0.2 maxTin . 1.0 to 2.0
28、.Hydrogen, max 0.005 0.005 0.005Nitrogen, max 0.025 0.025 0.025Carbon, max 0.05 0.05 0.05Niobium . . 2.0 to 3.0Oxygen 0.16 0.18 0.18ABy agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, analysis may berequired and limits established for elements and compounds not specified in thetable of chemica
29、l composition.BZirconium is determined by difference.TABLE 2 Permissible Variation in Check Analysis BetweenDifferent LaboratoriesElementPermissible Variationin Product Analysis, %Hydrogen 0.002Nitrogen 0.01Carbon 0.01Hafnium 0.1Iron + chromium 0.025Tin 0.05Niobium 0.05Oxygen 0.02TABLE 3 Tensile Req
30、uirementsUNS Grade DesignationR60702 R60704 R60705Tensile strength, min, MPa ksi 380 55 415 60 485 70Yield strength, min, MPa ksi 205 30 240 35 380 55Elongation in 50 mm 2 in.,gauge min, %A16 14 16AWhen a sub-size specimen is used, the gauge length shall be as specified inTest Methods E8 for that sp
31、ecimen.B493/B493M 081215. Certification15.1 A producers or suppliers certification shall be fur-nished to the purchaser certifying that the material wasmanufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected in accordancewith this specification and has been found to meet therequirements. A report of the test r
32、esults shall be included aspart of the certification.16. Referee16.1 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturerand the purchaser on the conformance of the material to therequirements of this specification or any special test specifiedby the purchaser, a mutually acceptable referee shall p
33、erformthe tests in question. The results of the referees testing shall beused in determining conformance of the material to thisspecification.17. Product Marking17.1 Unless otherwise specified, each forging over 1 kg 2lb, manufactured in accordance with this specification, shallbe marked legibly, ei
34、ther by stenciling, stamping, or rollingwith the manufacturers private identification mark, the ASTMdesignation, the grade, and lot number. On smaller than 1 kg 2lb forgings, the same information shall be stamped legibly onthe container, or on a metal tag securely fastened to each partor package of
35、parts.18. Packaging and Package Marking18.1 The forgings shall be packaged either in a suitable boxor banded on a skid.19. Keywords19.1 zirconium; zirconium alloy forgingSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSS1. Special Internal SoundnessS1.1 Forging shall be produced with specified internalsoundness to be veri
36、fied by electric test or radiography tostandards agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser prior to the acceptance of the order.S2. Surface QualityS2.1 The surface quality shall be as agreed upon between themanufacturer and the purchaser.ASTM International takes no position respecting th
37、e validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard i
38、s subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International He
39、adquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This s
40、tandard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).B493/B493M 0813
