1、Designation: C 1334 05e1Standard Specification forUranium Oxides with a235U Content of Less Than 5 % forDissolution Prior to Conversion to Nuclear-Grade UraniumDioxide1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1334; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofor
2、iginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTEEditorial changes were made in June 2006.1. Scope1.1 This specific
3、ation covers uranium oxides, includingprocessed byproducts or scrap material (powder, pellets, orpieces), that are intended for dissolution into uranyl nitratesolution meeting the requirements of Specification C 788 priorto conversion into nuclear grade UO2powder with a235Ucontent of less than 5 %.
4、This specification defines the impurityand uranium isotope limits for such urania powders that are tobe dissolved prior to processing to nuclear grade UO2asdefined in Specification C 753.1.2 This specification provides the nuclear industry with ageneral standard for such uranium oxide powders. It re
5、cognizesthe diversity of conversion processes and the processes towhich such powders are subsequently to be subjected (forinstance, by solvent extraction). It is therefore anticipated thatit may be necessary to include supplementary specificationlimits by agreement between the buyer and seller.1.3 T
6、he scope of this specification does not comprehen-sively cover all provisions for preventing criticality accidents,for health and safety, or for shipping. Observance of thisspecification does not relieve the user of the obligation toconform to all international, national, state and local regula-tion
7、s for processing, shipping, or any other way of using uraniapowders (see 2.2 and 2.3).2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 696 Test Methods for Chemical, Mass Spectrometric, andSpectrochemical Analysis of Nuclear-Grade Uranium Di-oxide Powders and PelletsC 753 Specification for Nuclear-Grade
8、, Sinterable UraniumDioxide PowderC 788 Specification for Nuclear-Grade Uranyl Nitrate So-lution or CrystalsC 799 Test Methods for Chemical, Mass Spectrometric,Spectrochemical, Nuclear, and Radiochemical Analysis ofNuclear-Grade Uranyl Nitrate SolutionsC 859 Terminology Relating to Nuclear Materials
9、3C 996 Specification for Uranium Hexafluoride Enriched toLess Than 5 %235UC 1233 Practice for Determining Equivalent Boron Con-tents of Nuclear MaterialsE 105 Practice for Probability Sampling Of Materials2.2 ANSI Standard:ANSI/ASME NQA-1 Quality Assurance Requirements forNuclear Facility Applicatio
10、ns42.3 U.S. Government Document:Federal Regulations Title 10, (Energy) Part 50, DomesticLicensing of Production and Utilization Facilities53. Terminology3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminol-ogy C 859, except for the following:3.1.2
11、 Commercial Grade Uranium Oxide, nany oxide ofuranium made from unirradiated uranium. It is recognizedsome contamination with reprocessed uranium may occur1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 onNuclear Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.02
12、on Fueland Fertile Material Specifications.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2005. Published February 2005. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as C 1334 96 (2000).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at s
13、erviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.5Available from U.S. Government Printing Office S
14、uperintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.during routine processing; this is acceptable provided that thespecification for Commercial Grade
15、 Uranium Oxide as setforth in 4.1 is met.3.1.3 scrap, nin the nuclear industry, residues that containsufficient quantities of source or special nuclear material to beworthy of recovery.4. Isotopic Content4.1 For Commercial Grade Uranium Oxide with an isotopiccontent of235U between that of natural ur
16、anium and 5 %, theisotopic and radionuclide limits of Specification C 996 shallapply. The specific isotopic and radionuclide measurementsrequired by Specification C 996 may be waived, provided thatthe seller can demonstrate compliance through, for instance,the sellers quality assurance records.4.2 F
17、or commercial uranium oxides not having an assay inthe range set forth in 4.1, the isotopic requirements shall be asagreed upon between the buyer and seller.5. Physical and Chemical Requirements5.1 Uranium ContentThe uranium content shall be deter-mined using methods described in Test Methods C 696
18、andC 799, or as agreed upon between the buyer and seller. Basedon the oxygen-to-uranium ratio, the minimum total uraniumcontent shall also be agreed upon between the buyer and seller.5.2 Impurity ContentThe impurity content shall not ex-ceed the individual element limits specified in Table 1. Thesum
19、mation of the contribution of each of the impurity elementslisted in Table 1 shall not exceed 1000 g/gU. The impuritycontent shall be determined using methods described in TestMethods C 696 or as agreed upon between the buyer and seller.If the Table 1 specifications are not met, and processing beyon
20、dsimple dissolution is anticipated, the concentrations of carbonand toxic elements such asAg, Cr, Pb, Hg, Se, Sb, andAs shallbe reported for information. Analysis requirements may bewaived provided the seller can characterize the material, forexample, through the sellers QA records.5.3 Equivalent Bo
21、ron ContentThe total equivalent boroncontent (EBC) shall not exceed 2.0 g/gU. The list of elementsto be considered in the EBC calculation shall be as recom-mended in Practice C 1233. The method of performing thecalculation shall be as indicated in Practice C 1233.5.4 If the concentrations of any of
22、the elements used in thecalculations in 5.2 are reported as a less-than value, thisless-than value shall be used for any further calculationsinvolving the concentration of this element.5.5 Moisture ContentThe moisture content of the uraniumoxide shall not exceed 1 % by weight unless otherwise agreed
23、upon by the buyer and seller.5.6 Ability to FlowThe Commercial Grade Uranium Ox-ide shall be sufficiently free-flowing to permit sampling andpowder handling.5.7 Particle SizeParticle size, size distribution andmethod of determination shall be as agreed upon between thebuyer and seller. Packing or ag
24、glomeration during shipping, orboth, may be a concern.5.8 DissolvabilityAt the buyers request, a dissolvabilitytest shall be performed by a procedure and to a specification asmutually agreed upon between buyer and seller. The testparameters (such as time, temperature, nitric acid molarity) andcharac
25、teristics to be measured (such as dissolution rate, in-solubles, foam generation) shall be defined by agreementbetween the buyer and seller.6. Lot Requirements6.1 A lot is defined as a quantity of Commercial GradeUranium Oxide powder that is uniform in isotopic, chemical,and flowability characterist
26、ics.6.2 The identity of a lot shall be retained throughout.6.3 A powder lot shall form the basis for defining samplingplans used to establish conformance to this specification.6.4 Sampling plans shall be mutually agreed upon by thebuyer and seller. A suggested sampling procedure is given inAppendix
27、X1.7. Testing and Certification7.1 The material shall be sampled as described in AppendixX1 and tested to ensure conformance of the powder to therequirements as agreed upon between the buyer and the seller.7.2 The seller, as above, shall provide to the buyer docu-ments certifying that the material m
28、eets all the requirements ofSections 4, 5, and 6.7.3 Lot AcceptanceAcceptance testing may be performedby the buyer on either the sample provided by the seller or ona sample taken at the buyers plant by sampling one or moreindividual containers with a thief. Practice E 105 is referencedas a guide. Ac
29、ceptance shall be on a lot basis and shall becontingent upon the material properties meeting the require-ments of Sections 4, 5, and 6.7.4 Referee MethodThe buyer and seller may agree to athird party as a referee in the event of a dispute in analyticalresults.TABLE 1 Impurity Elements and Maximum Co
30、ncentration LimitsElementMaximum ConcentrationLimit (g/gU)Aluminum 150Barium 5Bismuth 3Calcium and Magnesium 150Chlorine 100Chromium 100Cobalt 80Copper 100Fluorine 100Iron 150Lead 40Manganese 50Molybdenum 200Nickel 80Phosphorus 100Silicon 200Sodium 20Tantalum 200Thorium 10Tin 50Titanium 50Tungsten 1
31、00Vanadium 10Zinc 20C133405e128. Packaging and Marking8.1 Uranium oxide powder shall be packaged in sealedcontainers to prevent loss of material and undue contaminationfrom air or to the container materials. The exact size andmethod of packaging shall be as agreed upon between thebuyer and seller.8.
32、2 Each container shall bear, as a minimum, a label on thelid and side with the following information:8.2.1 Sellers name,8.2.2 Material in container,8.2.3 Lot number,8.2.4 Uranium enrichment,8.2.5 Gross, tare, net oxide weights,8.2.6 Uranium weight,8.2.7 Purchase order number (or equivalent), and8.2.
33、8 Container()of().9. Quality Assurance9.1 Quality assurance requirements shall be as agreed uponbetween the buyer and seller when specified in the purchaseorder. Code of Federal Regulations Title 10, Part 50, AppendixB and NQA-1 are referenced as guides.10. Keywords10.1 nuclear fuel; uranium oxide;
34、uranium oxide dissolutionAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. SAMPLINGX1.1 Uranium oxide may be hygroscopic and retain suffi-cient water after exposure to a moist atmosphere to causedetectable error. Sample, weigh, and handle the sample underconditions that will ensure that the sample is representa
35、tive ofthe lot.X1.2 Take a representative sample of powder from each lotfor the purpose of determining chemical properties.X1.3 A lot sample shall be of sufficient size to performquality assurance testing at the sellers plant, acceptancetesting at the buyers plant, and referee tests in the event the
36、ybecome necessary.X1.4 Package the lot sample for acceptance testing at thebuyers plant in a separate container, clearly identify by lotnumber, and ship with the lot. Clearly identify the refereesample and retain it at the manufacturers (if someone otherthan the seller) plant until the lot has been
37、formally accepted bythe buyer.X1.5 Prepare the lot sample by blending and splitting thecontainer samplesX1.6 To obtain a container sample, take specimens with athief at random locations along a randomly chosen verticaltraverse through each container selected at random to besampled. Then blend the th
38、ief samples from the selectedcontainers and split down to the required size.X1.7 The number of containers so sampled shall be 5 +(n/10) where n is the total number of containers per lot roundedto the nearest decade. If there are five or fewer containers perlot, each container shall be so sampled.X1.
39、8 Alternatively, an auto-sampler can be used to obtainsamples during emptying or filling of the container.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised tha
40、t determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reappro
41、ved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you fe
42、el that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).C133405e13
