1、Designation: C187 10American Association StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: T 129Standard Test Method forNormal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C187; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofo
2、riginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the normalcons
3、istency of hydraulic cement.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user o
4、f this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 1.4 for aspecific warning statement.1.4 WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures arecaustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue uponprolo
5、nged exposure. The use of gloves, protective clothing,and eye protection is recommended. Wash contact area withcopious amounts of water after contact. Wash eyes for aminimum of 15 min. Avoid exposure of the body to clothingsaturated with the liquid phase of the unhardened material.Remove contaminate
6、d clothing immediately after exposure.22. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic CementPastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determinationof Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, andConcreteC511
7、 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in theTesting of Hydraulic Cements and ConcretesC1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices forDetermining Mass and Volume for Use in the PhysicalTesting of Hydraulic CementsD1193 Specification for Rea
8、gent WaterE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test Methods3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is intended to be used to determine theamount of water required to prepare hydraulic cement pastesfor testing.4. Apparatus4.1 Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Ma
9、ss,conforming to the requirements of Specification C1005. Thedevices for determining mass shall be evaluated for precisionand bias at a total load of 1000 g.4.2 Glass Graduates, 200 or 250-mLcapacity, and conform-ing to the requirements of Practice C490.4.3 Vicat ApparatusThe Vicat apparatus shall c
10、onsist of aframe A (Fig. 1) bearing a movable rod B, weighing 300 g, oneend C, the plunger end, being 10 mm in diameter for a distanceof at least 50 mm, and the other end having a removable needleD, 1 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length. The rod B isreversible, and can be held in any desired position
11、 by a setscrew E, and has an adjustable indicator F, which moves overa scale (graduated in millimetres) attached to the frame A. Thepaste is held in a rigid conical ring G, resting on a planenonabsorptive square base plate H, about 100 mm on each side.The rod B shall be made of stainless steel havin
12、g a hardness ofnot less than 35 HRC (See Note 1), and shall be straight withthe plunger end which is perpendicular to the rod axis. The ringshall be made of a noncorroding, nonabsorbent material, andshall have an inside diameter of 70 mm at the base and 60 mmat the top, and a height of 40 mm. In add
13、ition to the above, theVicat apparatus shall conform to the following requirements:Weight of movable rod 300 6 0.5 gDiameter of plunger end of rod 10 6 0.05 mmDiameter of needle 1 6 0.05 mmInside diameter of ring at bottom 70 6 3mmInside diameter of ring at top 60 6 3mmHeight of ring 40 6 1mmGraduat
14、ed scale The graduated scale, when comparedwith a standard scale accurate to within0.1 mm at all points, shall not show adeviation at any point greater than 0.25mm.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cementand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.22 on Wo
15、rkability.Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originallyapproved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C18704. DOI:10.1520/C0187-10.2Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Vol 04.01.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM
16、 website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr H
17、arbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NOTE 1The requirement that the rod be made of stainless steel shallapply only to new Vicat apparatus or replacement rods and not toequipment in use which meets the other requirements of this test method.4.4 Flat Trowel, having
18、 a sharpened straight-edged steelblade 100 to 150 mm in length.5. Temperature and Humidity5.1 The temperature of the air and mixing water shallconform to the requirements of Specification C511.5.2 The relative humidity of the laboratory shall conform tothe requirements of Specification C511.6. Proce
19、dure6.1 Preparation of Cement PasteMix 650 g of cementwith a measured quantity of water following the procedureprescribed in the Procedure for Mixing Pastes of PracticeC305. The water shall conform to the numerical limits ofSpecification D1193 for Type III or Type IV grade of reagentwater.6.2 Moldin
20、g Test SpecimenQuickly form the cementpaste, prepared as described in 6.1, into the approximate shapeof a ball with gloved hands. Then toss six times through a freepath of about 150 mm from one hand to another so as toproduce a nearly spherical mass that may be easily inserted intothe Vicat ring wit
21、h a minimum amount of additional manipu-lation. Press the ball, resting in the palm of one hand, into thelarger end of the conical ring G, Fig. 1, held in the other hand,completely filling the ring with paste. Remove the excess at thelarger end by a single movement of the palm of the hand. Placethe
22、ring on its larger end on the base plate H, and slice off theexcess paste at the smaller end at the top of the ring by a singleoblique stroke of a sharp-edged trowel held at a slight anglewith the top of the ring, and smooth the top, if necessary, witha few light touches of the pointed end of the tr
23、owel. Duringthese operations of cutting and smoothing, take care not tocompress the paste.6.3 Consistency DeterminationCenter the paste confinedin the ring, resting on the plate, under the rod B, Fig. 1, theplunger end C of which shall be brought in contact with thesurface of the paste, and tighten
24、the set-screw E. Then set themovable indicator F to the upper zero mark of the scale, or takean initial reading, and release the rod immediately. This mustnot exceed 30 s after completion of mixing. The apparatus shallbe free of all vibrations during the test. The paste shall be ofnormal consistency
25、 when the rod settles to a point 10 6 1mmbelow the original surface in 30 s after being released. Maketrial pastes with varying percentages of water until the normalconsistency is obtained. Make each trial with fresh cement.7. Calculation7.1 Calculate the amount of water required for normalconsisten
26、cy to the nearest 0.1 % and report it to the nearest0.5 % of the weight of the dry cement.8. Precision and Bias8.1 The single operator-instrument precision has been foundto be 0.25 (1S), and the multilaboratory precision has beenfound to be 0.35 (1S) as defined in Practice E177; therefore, theresult
27、s of two properly conducted tests by the same operator ina laboratory should agree within 0.7 percentage point, and testresults between two laboratories should agree with 1.0 percent-age point 95 % of the time.9. Keywords9.1 consistency; normal consistency; Vicat needlesFor additional useful informa
28、tion on details of cement test methods, reference may be made to the “Manual of Cement Testing,”which appears in the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.FIG. 1 Vicat ApparatusC187 102SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this test method since the la
29、st issue,C18704, that may impact the use of this test method. (Approved May 1, 2010)(1) Revised Section 5 to refer to Specification C511 fortemperature and relative humidity requirements.(2) Revised the standard, including Fig. 1, to be solely in SIunits.ASTM International takes no position respecti
30、ng the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This stand
31、ard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Internation
32、al Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.T
33、his standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C187 103
