1、Designation: C 367 05Standard Test Methods forStrength Properties of Prefabricated ArchitecturalAcoustical Tile or Lay-In Ceiling Panels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 367; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case
2、of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONMaterials used for absorbing sound generally have a porous, low-density structure. In compar
3、isonwith many building materials they may be relatively fragile. Materials are available that possessadequate strength and stability and at the same time provide good sound absorption. The test methodsdescribed here cover procedures for evaluating those physical properties related to strength. Theme
4、thods are of use in developing, manufacturing, and selecting acoustical tile or lay-in panels.It should be kept in mind that a property related to strength is only one of several considerationsimportant in judging the usefulness of an acoustical material. For example, a material judged to bequite we
5、ak by one of these tests may still be desired for other reasons, and with adequate precautions,may be shipped and installed successfully.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of thestrength properties of prefabricated architectual acoustical tileor lay-in ceiling panels as follows:T
6、ests SectionsHardness 4 to 9Friability 10 to 16Sag 17 to 23Transverse strength 24 to 301.2 Not all of the tests described in these test methods maybe necessary to evaluate any particular product for a specificuse. In each instance, it will be necessary to determine whichproperties are required.1.3 T
7、hese test methods specify procedures that may be usedin product development, manufacturing control, specificationacceptance, and service evaluation.1.4 Properties determined by these test methods reflect theperformance of the materials under the specific conditions ofthe test, and do not necessarily
8、 indicate performance underconditions other than those specified herein.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine t
9、he applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards2C 634 Terminology Relating to Environmental Acoustics3. Terminology3.1 Terms defined in Terminology C 634.3.1.1 acoustical material3.1.2 sound absorption3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to this Standa
10、rd:3.2.1 fissuresirregular depressions of varying lengthswidths, and depths extending below the basic product face.3.2.2 friableeasily crumbled.3.2.3 sagdeviation of the acoustical tile or panel at itsgeometric center from the plane formed by the edges.HARDNESS4. Significance and Use4.1 Knowledge of
11、 hardness is useful in the development andthe quality control of acoustical tile and lay-in ceiling panels.Deviation from an established hardness range will assist inpointing out processing errors or defective raw materials,thereby aiding the maintenance of uniform product quality.4.2 This property
12、is also useful in comparing the relativeabilities of materials to resist indentations on the panel surfacecaused by impacts.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-33 onEnvironmental Acoustics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E33.04on Application of Acoust
13、ical Materials and Systems.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originallyapproved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as C 367 99.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annua
14、l Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.3 Since the hardness varies with the thickness, onlysamples of the same thi
15、ckness may be directly compared.5. Apparatus5.1 Testing MachineAny standard mechanical or hydrau-lic testing machine capable of applying and measuring therequired load within an accuracy of 61 % may be used. It shallbe equipped with a 50.8-mm (2.00-in.) diameter metal ball, orhemispherically shaped
16、penetrator that bears upon the speci-men surface.6. Test Specimens6.1 Cut five 100 by 100-mm (4 by 4-in.) specimens from asingle tile or panel. Cut the five specimens from representativeareas of the tile or ceiling panel.7. Conditioning7.1 The strength properties of acoustical materials oftendepend
17、on the moisture content at the time of the test.Therefore, condition materials for test under “room conditions”to constant weight (within 61 %) in an atmosphere maintainedat a relative humidity of 50 6 2 %, and a temperature of 23 61C (73 6 2F). State in the test report any departure from thisrecomm
18、ended condition.8. Procedure8.1 Place the specimen in the conditioning chamber and letit remain until equilibrium is obtained.8.2 Place the specimen on a flat surface under the loadingpenetrator of the test machine. Force the penetrator into thespecimen 6.46 0.3 mm (0.25 6 0.01 in.) below the origin
19、alsurface (Note 1) at a rate of 2.5 mm (0.10 in.)/min (Note 2).NOTE 1The original surface is defined as the point where thepenetrator first contacts the specimen.NOTE 2When possible, the penetrator should bear between perfora-tions or fissures when testing perforated or fissured material.8.3 Record
20、the load shown on the testing machine when thepenetrator reaches the specified depression as the hardness ofthe specimen in newtons or pounds-force.9. Report9.1 The report shall include the following:9.1.1 Identification of the test material,9.1.2 Method of conditioning including time of condition-i
21、ng, temperature, C or F, and relative humidity, %,9.1.3 Statement describing whether the finished or unfin-ished surface was tested and whether the face or the back of thespecimen was tested,9.1.4 Average thickness for the five specimens, mm or in.,9.1.5 Individual thicknesses for each of the five s
22、pecimens,mm or in.,9.1.6 Average hardness for the five specimens, N or lbf, and9.1.7 Individual hardness for each of the five specimens, Nor lbf.FRIABILITY10. Significance and Use10.1 The friability test measures the susceptibility of anacoustical product to edge and corner damage that might besusta
23、ined during shipping, handling, and installing. Productsthat are friable and soft may erode considerably when sub-jected to rough treatment.11. Apparatus11.1 Balance, accurate to within 0.5 % of the weight of thesmallest specimen tested.11.2 Testing Container, consisting of an oak box with insidedim
24、ensions of 200 mm (734 in.) square by 190 mm (712 in.)deep and fitted with a cover on one end for inserting andremoving the specimens. The box shall be mounted so that itmay be rotated at 60 62 r/min on a horizontal axis that isperpendicular to its square dimension.11.3 Red or White Oak Cubes, 24, 1
25、9 6 0.8 mm (34 6132in.) on an edge, having a specific gravity of 0.65 6 0.02.NOTE 3Number each group of wood cubes 1 to 24. At the end ofevery 600-revolution test period, remove one “used” cube (follow thenumber sequence and remove and discard the oldest cube) and replacewith a corresponding numbere
26、d “new” cube. In this manner, cube wear iseliminated as an uncontrolled variable in the test method. When thecorners of the wood cubes have been worn so that the radius of curvatureis greater than 1.6 mm (116 in.) or the cubes have become altered so as notto be comparable with new cubes, they shall
27、be discarded and new onesused. A conventional machinists radius gage may be used for checkingthe cube edge wear.11.4 Timer, consisting of a watch or clock capable ofmeasuring intervals of 10 min within 6 5.0 s.12. Test Specimens12.1 Cut twelve 25 by 25-mm (1 by 1-in.) square specimensfrom a single t
28、ile or panel. The specimen thickness is equal tothe tile or panel thickness.NOTE 4If the friability of original edges is of importance, separatetests should be run on 25 by 25-mm (1 by 1-in.) specimens having one ortwo original edges.13. Conditioning13.1 Maintain standard conditions as described in
29、7.1 dur-ing preparation and testing of specimens.14. Procedure14.1 Weigh the twelve specimens and record the combinedweight to the nearest 0.1 g.14.2 Place the 12 specimens and the 24 oak cubes in thetesting container. Close the top of the testing container androtate the container about its axis at
30、a speed of 60 rpm for two10-min periods. At the end of each 10-min period, remove thespecimens from the box and determine the percentage of massloss, due to pulverization and breakage. In the case of badlyabraded specimens, remove up to twelve of the largest piecesremaining and weigh these for the d
31、etermination. In rare cases,no pieces may remain from an individual specimen. In thiscase, the weight loss shall be reported as 100 %.15. Calculation15.1 Calculate the percent mass loss for the 10-min and20-min periods to two significant figures using Eq 1mass loss,%5 M12 M2!/M1#100 (1)C 367 052M1 =
32、 original mass, g, andM2 = mass after 10-min period and mass after 20-minperiod.16. Report16.1 The report shall include the following:16.1.1 Identification of the test material,16.1.2 Method of conditioning including time of condition-ing, temperature, C or F, and relative humidity, %, and16.1.3 Per
33、centage mass loss for the 10- and 20-min periods.SAG17. Significance and Use17.1 This test method is for the purpose of determining thesag properties of ceiling tile or panels under various conditionsof humidity exposure. Tiles or panels of various sizes can betested by using appropriately sized sup
34、porting frames.17.2 The test method will provide both the initial reading inreference to the plane of the edge support system and the totalhumidity-induced sag.17.3 This test method is not designed to establish theexpected performance of the ceiling panels under field condi-tions of use, but only th
35、e sag properties for the specifictemperature, humidity, exposure time, and mounting condi-tions used in the test.18. Apparatus18.1 Controlled-Atmosphere Chamber (EnvironmentalChamber), capable of operating at a dry-bulb temperature of 23to 326 1.5C (73 to 90 6 3F), and relative humidities of 50,60,
36、70, 80, or 90 6 2 %. The chamber should be equipped withsuitable recording equipment to record wet- and dry-bulbtemperatures (or dry bulb and relative humidity). This equip-ment shall be checked periodically and calibrated with apsychrometer that shall also be used to establish the testconditions.18
37、.2 Sample Test Frames and Racks, fabricated from non-ferrous metal, such as aluminum, and of suitable lineardimensions as shown in Fig. 1. Frames shall be constructed of6 by 38 by 38-mm (14 by 112-in.) angle with miter-cut corners.Inside surfaces of corners shall be welded and ground smooth.Frames s
38、hall be fabricated so they are level and square. Overallinside dimensions of the frames shall be such that the panels donot touch the vertical edges of the frame if they expand underprolonged exposure to conditions of high humidity.FIG. 1 Sag Test FrameC 367 05318.2.1 Racks may be constructed of a c
39、onvenient design tohold one or more test frames in a horizontal plane; however, asufficient distance shall be maintained between frames topermit adequate circulation of the test atmosphere and permittest measurements without moving panels.18.3 Zero-Plane PlateIn the event that measurements aremade u
40、sing the zero-plane plate, means of zeroing the dialindicator (Note 5), a zero-plane plate fabricated of 6-mm(14-in.) thick by 80-mm (3-in.) wide steel or aluminum stock,shall be provided. The length of the plate shall be 6 mm (14 in.)less than the inside width of the test frame.NOTE 5In the case of
41、 panels with a width of 610 mm (24 in.) or less,an alternative means of zeroing the sag bar dial indicator may be used.This consists of placing a zero-plane plate in the test specimen frameparallel with the shortest member of the frame, and centered in the longestmember of the frame. The sag bar is
42、then placed beneath the frame and thedial gage is adjusted to read zero at the plane of the specimen surface.18.4 Sag Bar, equipped with a dial or digital gage indicatorhaving a minimum movement of 25 mm (1 in.) calibrated inincrements of 0.025 mm (0.001 in.) or less. The indicator shallbe equipped
43、with a 13-mm (0.50-in.) diameter pressure foot.The bar shall be equipped with individually adjustable feethaving 20-mm (34-in.) diameter bearing surfaces. The distancebetween centers of the bearing surfaces shall be equal to thenominal width of the test panel or tile. Fig. 2 shows a suitablesag bar
44、design including spacing between bearing surfaces.19. Test Specimens19.1 Test specimens shall be full-size tile or panels asshipped for installation in the field.20. Conditioning20.1 Condition specimens as described in 7.1 prior toplacing in the controlled atmosphere chamber for sag testing.21. Proc
45、edure21.1 Adjust the chamber controls to provide one of thetemperature and humidity conditions selected from those listedin 18.1.21.2 Place the sag bar on a flat surface, such as a rigidaluminum bar of a length appropriate to the size of the sag bar(Note 5).21.3 Adjust the gage indicator to read the
46、 thickness of thetest frame angle. This will provide an indication of 0 mm (0 in.)when the indicator foot is in the plane of the test panelsupporting surface.21.4 Mark the geometric center of the tile or panel on thefinished surface at the intersection of diagonals drawn fromcorner to corner.21.5 In
47、stall the tile or panel in the test rack within theenvironmental chamber with the finished surface facing down.21.6 Record the gage reading as the “initial reading.”21.7 Place the sag bar under the test panel or tile with thesag bar feet pressed firmly into contact with the horizontalmembers of the
48、frame and with the bar parallel with theshortest (if not symmetrical) members of the frame. The feetshould be positioned at the center of the span of the longestframe member and the gage foot should be located at the panelor tile center as marked in 21.4.21.8 Adjust the environmental chamber to prov
49、ide thedesired temperature and relative humidity. These conditionsshould be obtained over a time period not exceeding 15 min.Hold at these conditions for 17 h (which excludes the adjust-ment time). Record the gage reading as the “wet reading.” (SeeNote 6.)21.9 Return the sample to the conditions used to obtain the“initial reading” in 21.6. Again this change should occur overa time period not exceeding 15 min. Maintain the sample atthese conditions for 6 h (again this time period excludes thePanel Minimum Linear Dimension,mm (in.)Dimension A, mm (in.)
