1、Designation: C401 12 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Classification ofAlumina and Alumina-Silicate Castable Refractories1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C401; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year o
2、f last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This classification covers alu
3、mina and alumina-silicatecastable refractories that, when tempered with water, willdevelop structural strength by chemical action.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establis
4、h appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for
5、 theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C113 Test Method for Reheat Change of Refractory BrickC133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and
6、Modu-lus of Rupture of RefractoriesC134 Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements,and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and InsulatingFirebrickC862 Practice for Preparing Refractory Concrete Specimensby CastingC865 Practice for Firing Refractory Concrete Specimens3. Significance and Use3.1 Alum
7、ina and alumina-silicate castable refractories areproduced to yield property characteristics commensurate withdifferent end-use properties. Volume stability, modulus ofrupture, bulk density, and lime content have become usefulmeasures to distinguish various alumina and alumina-silicatecastable formu
8、lations for initial fitness for service. This clas-sification is considered useful for purchase specifications andfor quality control.4. Basis of Classification4.1 Alumina and alumina silicate castable refractories thatcontain a hydraulic setting cement and have a density of greaterthan 105 lb/ft3(1
9、.68 g/cm3) may be classified by the lime(CaO) content as contributed by the cement. The classificationsare shown in Table 1. While this standard only uses the limecontent as contributed by cement, other sources of lime may bepresent in the mix and may affect the performance of amaterial.4.2 Refracto
10、ry castables classified as conventional castablerefractories having a modulus of rupture after drying of at least300 psi (2.07 MPa) are normal strength, and those having atleast 600 psi (4.14 MPa) modulus of rupture are high-strengthtypes. They are further classified on the basis of volumestability
11、of cast test brick when fired at the temperaturesprescribed in Table 2.4.3 Insulating Refractory CastablesThis class includesinsulating castable refractories which are classified on the basisof bulk density of dried cast test brick and volume stability ofsuch test brick when fired at the temperature
12、s prescribed inTable 3.5. Test Methods5.1 The properties enumerated in this classification shall bedetermined in accordance with the following ASTM methods:5.1.1 Modulus of RuptureTest Methods C133 on test brickwith Practice C862, and after oven drying in accordance withthe Curing of Test Specimens
13、section of Practice C862.Specimens should be fired as given in heating schedule ofPractice C865.5.1.2 Permanent Linear ChangeTest Method C113 onspecimens prepared in accordance with Practice C862 and firedas given in heating schedule of Practice C865.5.1.3 Bulk DensityTest Methods C134 on test brick
14、 pre-pared and oven dried in accordance with Practice C862 andfired as given in heating schedule of Practice C865.1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 onRefractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.92 The Joseph E.Kopanda Subcommittee for Editoria
15、l, Terminology, and Classification.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originallyapproved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as C401 12. DOI:10.1520/C0401-12R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Servi
16、ce at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in ac
17、cordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.16. Retests6.1 Because of vari
18、ables resulting from sampling and thelack of satisfactory reproducibility in tests conducted bydifferent laboratories, the material may be resampled andretested when requested by either the manufacturer or thepurchaser. This may apply in instances when the first testresults do not conform to the req
19、uirements prescribed in thisclassification. The final results to be used shall be the averageof at least two sets of results, each of which has been obtainedby following in detail the specified testing procedures.7. Keywords7.1 alumina; alumina-silicate; castable refractories; insulat-ing castable r
20、efractories; low-cement castable refractories;no-cement castable refractories; regular castable refractories;ultra-low cement castable refractoriesASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users o
21、f this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every fiv
22、e years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical c
23、ommittee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
24、 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy th
25、e standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1 Classification of Dense Castable RefractoriesClassification Lime (CaO) as contributed by cementNo Cement Castable (NCC) #0.2 %Ultra-Low Cement Castable (ULCC) 0.2 %
26、 and #1.0 %Low Cement Castables (LCC) 1.0 % and #2.5 %Conventional Castables 2.5 %TABLE 2 Conventional Castable RefractoriesTestRequirementsClasses of Alumina-Silica Base Castable RefractoriesClass A Class B Class C Class D Class E Class F Class GPermanent linear change, not more than 1.5 %when fire
27、d for 5 h at:2000 F(1095 C)2300 F(1260 C)2500 F(1370 C)2700 F(1480 C)2900 F(1595 C)3100 F(1705 C)3200 F(1760 C)TABLE 3 Insulating Castable RefractoriesTestRequirementsClasses of Insulating Castable RefractoriesClass N Class O Class P Class Q Class RPermanent linear change, not more than1.5 % when fi
28、red for 5 h at:1700 F(925 C)1900 F(1040 C)2100 F(1150 C)2300 F(1260 C)2500 F(1370 C)Maximum bulk density, lb/ft3(g/cm3) afterdrying at 220 to 230 F (105 to 110 C)55 (0.88) 65 (1.04) 75 (1.20) 90 (1.44) 95 (1.52)Class S Class T Class U Class VPermanent linear change, not more than1.5 % when fired for 5 h at:2700 F(1480 C)2900 F(1595 C)3000 F(1650 C)3200 F(1760 C)Maximum bulk density, lb/ft3(g/cm3) afterdrying at 220 to 230 F (105 to 110 C)95 (1.52) 100 (1.60) 105 (1.68) 105 (1.68)C401 12 (2018)2
