1、2010年职称英语（卫生类） C级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Weve been through some rough times together. （ A） long （ B） happy （ C） difficult （ D） short 2 She gave up her job and started writing poetry. （ A） abandoned （ B） lost （ C） took （ D） created
2、3 In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy. （ A） reduces （ B） changes （ C） leaves （ D） drops 4 Can you give a concrete example to support your idea? （ A） specific （ B） real （ C） special （ D） good 5 The police took fingerprints and identified the body. （ A） recognized （ B） missed （ C）
3、 discovered （ D） touched 6 If we leave now, we should miss the traffic. （ A） direct （ B） stop （ C） mix （ D） avoid 7 It was a fascinating painting, with clever use of color and light. （ A） large （ B） wonderful （ C） new （ D） familiar 8 I propose that we discuss this at the next meeting. （ A） suggest （
4、 B） demand （ C） order （ D） request 9 The company has the right to end his employment at any time. （ A） provide （ B） stop （ C） offer （ D） continue 10 I was shocked when I saw the size of the telephone bill. （ A） excited （ B） angry （ C） lost （ D） surprised 11 What are my chances of promotion if I stay
5、 here? （ A） retirement （ B） advertisement （ C） advancement （ D） replacement 12 Were happy to report that business is booming this year. （ A） risky （ B） successful （ C） failing （ D） open 13 Weve seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues. （ A） clear （ B） regular （ C） quick （ D） great 14
6、 The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village. （ A） caught （ B） killed （ C） found （ D） jailed 15 Rodman met with Tony to try and settle the dispute over his contract. （ A） solve （ B） avoid （ C） mark （ D） involve 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供
7、的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Breast Cancer Deaths Record Low The number of women dying from breast (乳房 ) cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year for the first time since records began. The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11,990 women died in t
8、he UK in 2007. The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971 - the year records began - after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s. Professor Peter Johnson, Cancer Research UKs chief clinician, said: “Its incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer n
9、ow than at any time in the last 40 years, despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often. “ “Research has played a crucial role in this progress leading to improved treatments and better man agement for women with the disease. “ “The introduction of the NHS (国民保健制度 ) breast screening program has a
10、lso contributed as women are more likely to survive the earlier cancer is diagnosed. “ Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with the disease - a 50% rise in 25 years. The number of deaths peaked in 1989, when 15,625 women died. It then fell by
11、between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2004. There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls. Dr. Sarah Cant, policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer, said: “It is great news that fewer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments, breast s
12、creening and awareness of the disease. “ “However, this is still too many women and incidence (发生率 ) of the disease is increasing year by year. “ The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity (肥胖 ) and alcohol consumption. 16 11,990 women died
13、 from breast cancer in the UK in 2007. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Breast cancer deaths began to be recorded in the UK in 1971. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The rate of breast cancer diagnosis in the UK has been dropping. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Bre
14、ast cancer can come back 10 years after you were first diagnosed. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Breast cancer is more common in the UK than in many other countries. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Fewer women died from breast cancer in the UK in 2005 than in 2004. （ A） Righ
15、t （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Obesity and alcohol consumption may also lead to some other diseases. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试 任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Organ Donation and
16、 Transplantation 1. Organ donation (捐献 ) and transplantation (移植 ) refers to the process by which organs or tissues from one person are put into another persons body. 2. The number of people needing a transplant continues to rise faster than the number of donors. A- bout 3,700 transplant candidates
17、are added to the national waiting list each month. Each day, about 77 people receive organ transplants. However, 18 people die each day waiting for transplants that cant take place because of the shortage of donated organs. 3. There are no age limits on who can donate. Newborns as well as senior cit
18、izens have been organ donors. If you are under age 18, you must have a parents or guardians consent (同意 ). If you are 18 years or older, you can show you want to be an organ and tissue donor by signing a donor card. 4. Many people think that if they agree to donate their organs, the doctor or the em
19、ergency room staff wont work as hard to save their life. This is not true. The transplant team is completely separate from the medical staff working to save your life. The transplant team does not become involved with you until doctors have determined that all possible efforts to save your life have
20、 failed. 5. If you need an organ transplant, your doctor will help you get on the national waiting list. Your name will be added to a pool of names. When an organ donor becomes available, all the patients in the pool are compared to that donor. Factors such as blood and tissue type, size of the orga
21、n, medical urgency (紧急 ) of the patients illness, time already spent on the waiting list, and distance between donor and recipient (授受者 ) are considered. A. Quality of donated organs B. Benefits of organ donation C. Distribution of donated organs D. Quality of donor medical care E. Age limits for or
22、gan donation F. Status of organ donation and transplantation 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 5_ 26 A. donated organs B. the national waiting list C. a donor card D. senior citizens E. all possible efforts F. the most suitable candidate 27 There is a great demand for_. 28
23、 Organ donors range in age from newborns to_. 29 Doctors will try their best to save your life even if youve signed_. 30 Various factors are considered when deciding on_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 U.S. Eats Too Much Salt People in the United States consum
24、e more than twice the recommended amount of salt, raising their risk for high blood pressure, heart attacks and strokes, government health experts said on Thursday. They found nearly 70 percent of U. S. adults are in high-risk groups that would benefit from a lower-salt diet of no more than 1,500 mg
25、 per day, yet most consume closer to 3,500 mg per day. “Its important for people to eat less salt. People who adopt a heart-healthy eating pattern that includes a diet low in sodium (钠 ) and rich in potassium (钾 ) and calcium (钙 ) can improve their blood pressure,“ Dr. Darwin Labarthe of the Centers
26、 for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said in a statement. “People need to know their recommended daily sodium limit and take action to reduce sodium intake (摄入量 ) ,“ Labarthe said. The study in the CDCs weekly report on death and disease used national survey data to show that two out of three a
27、dults should be consuming no more than 1,500 mg of sodium per day because they are black or over the age of 40 - which are considered high-risk groups. Yet studies show most people in the United States eat 3,436 mg of sodium per day, according to a 2005-2006 CDC estimate. Most of the sodium eaten co
28、mes from packaged, processed and restaurant foods. The CDC said it will join other agencies in the Health and Human Services Department in working with major food manufacturers and chain restaurants to reduce sodium levels in the food supply. Nationwide, 16 million men and women have heart disease a
29、nd 5.8 million are estimated to have had a stroke. Cutting salt consumption can reduce these risks, the CDC said. 31 Eating too much salt raises a persons risk for_. （ A） strokes. （ B） heart attacks. （ C） high blood pressure. （ D） all of the above. 32 he recommended sodium intake for most U.S. adult
30、s is_. （ A） closer to 3,500 mg per day. （ B） as much as 3,436 mg per day. （ C） no more than 1,500 mg per day. （ D） less than 3,500 mg per day. 33 A heart-healthy diet is one that contains_. （ A） a low level of sodium. （ B） a lot of potassium and calcium. （ C） no salt at all. （ D） both A and B 34 Nea
31、rly 70 percent of U.S. adults are in high-risk groups,_. （ A） for they are inactive. （ B） for they consume sodium every day. （ C） for they frequently eat out. （ D） for they are black or over the age of 40. 35 Packaged, processed and restaurant foods tend to be_. （ A） good in taste. （ B） low in price
32、. （ C） poor in nutrition. （ D） high in salt. 35 Sharing Silence Deaf teenagers Orlando Chavez and German Resendiz have been friends since kindergarten (幼儿园 ). Together the two boys, who go to Escondido High School in California, have had the difficult job of learning in schools where the majority of
33、 the students can speak and hear. Orlando lost his hearing at the age of one. German was born deaf, and his parents moved from Mexico to find a school where he could learn sign language. He met Orlando on their first day of kindergarten. “We were in a special class with about 25 other deaf kids,“ Ge
34、rman remembers. “Before then, I didnt know I was deaf and that I was different. “ “Being young and deaf in regular classes was very hard,“ signs Orlando. “The other kids didnt understand us and we didnt understand them. But weve all grown up together, and today, Im popular because Im deaf. Kids try
35、hard to communicate with me. “ Some things are very difficult for the two boys. “We cant talk on the phone, so if we need help, we cant call an emergency service,“ German signs. “And we cant order food in a drive-thru. “ Despite their difficulties, the two boys have found work putting food in bags a
36、t a local supermarket. They got their jobs through a “workability“ program, designed for teenagers from local schools with different types of learning disabilities. German has worked in the supermarket since August, and Orlando started in November. “The other people who work here have been very nice
37、 to us,“ Orlando signs. “They even sign sometimes. At first, we were nervous, but weve learned a lot and were getting better. “ The opportunity to earn money has been exciting, both boys said. After high school, they hope to attend the National Technical Institute for the Deaf in New York. 36 Orland
38、o and German have been_. （ A） to Mexico together. （ B） deaf since they were born. （ C） to different high schools. （ D） friends since they were very young. 37 According to the passage, the difficulty for Orlando and German is that_. （ A） they cant communicate with their classmates. （ B） they are not
39、allowed to talk on the phone. （ C） they cant order food in a drive-thru. （ D） they are not supposed to use emergency services. 38 Both Orlando and German have found their jobs at_. （ A） a fast-food restaurant. （ B） a supermarket. （ C） a technical institute. （ D） a local school. 39 The word “emergenc
40、y“ in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） food. （ B） alarm. （ C） crisis. （ D） quick. 40 Both boys are happy to_. （ A） design programs for the deaf. （ B） work at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf. （ C） help students with learning disabilities. （ D） have the opportunity to earn mon
41、ey. 40 Acceptance of Chronic Illness For chronically i11 patients, giving up the hope that they will get better may actually lead to more happiness, U.S. researchers suggest. “Hope is an important part of happiness, but theres a dark side of hope. Sometimes, if hope makes people put off getting on w
42、ith their life, it can get in the way of happiness,“ Dr. Peter A. Ubel from the University of Michigan Health System said in a university news release. He and his colleagues studied patients whod just had a colostomy (结肠造口术 ), which means their colons (结肠 ) were removed and they had to have bowel (肠
43、 ) movements in a pouch (小袋 ) outside the body. At the time of the surgery, some patients were told the procedure was reversible and theyd have a second operation in a few months to reconnect their bowels. Other patients were told the colostomy was permanent. The patients were followed for six month
44、s, and the researchers found that those without hope of regaining normal bowel function were happier than those with reversible colostomies. “We think they were happier because they got on with their lives. They realized the cards they were dealt, and recognized that they had no choice but to play w
45、ith those cards,“ Ubel said. “The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed. They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didnt make the best of their current situation. “ The study, published in the November edition of Health Psychology, also may explain
46、 why people whose spouse (配偶 ) dies often recover better emotionally over time than those who get divorced, the researchers said. Thats because people whose husband or wife dies have closure (结束 ), while those who get divorced may still have hope for some chance of making up, they explained. 41 Chro
47、nically ill patients may be happier_. （ A） if they keep thinking of their past. （ B） if they believe theyll recover. （ C） if they put off moving on. （ D） if they manage to get on with their life. 42 What had happened to the patients under study? （ A） They had just survived an accident. （ B） They had
48、 just had an operation. （ C） They had just injured their colons. （ D） They had just made some pouches. 43 One group of the patients was happier because_. （ A） they made the best of their current situation. （ B） they were good at playing cards. （ C） they regained normal bowel function. （ D） they were
49、 promised another operation. 44 The other group was not as happy because_. （ A） they accepted their current situation. （ B） they were anxious to get better. （ C） they missed their previous life. （ D） they refused to play cards. 45 What could be the message of the passage? （ A） Giving up hope means giving up happiness. （ B） Letting go of hope is at times a better cho
