1、上海交通大学考博英语模拟试卷 14及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Although it is only a small business,its_is surprisingly high. （ A） turn-up （ B） turn-over （ C） turn-about （ D） turn-out 2 Unfortunately not all of us obtain our just_in this life. （ A） demands （ B） gains （ C） deserts （ D） wins 3 That contract, w
2、ith which we had a disagreement last month,has now gone_. （ A） through （ B） down （ C） over （ D） around 4 The_of two houses proved such a financial burden that they were forced to sell one. （ A） upsurge （ B） upshot （ C） upturn （ D） upkeep 5 _through the attic and see if you can find anything for the
3、jumble sale. （ A） Leash （ B） Rummage （ C） Flutter （ D） Scrape 6 How about a glass of orange juice to_your thirst? （ A） quash （ B） quell （ C） quench （ D） quieten 7 Because the children keep interrupting her whenever she reads a book,she is always_her place. （ A） missing （ B） slipping （ C） bothering （
4、 D） losing 8 She was putting on her watch when the_broke and it fell to the ground. （ A） belt （ B） string （ C） tie （ D） strap 9 I washed this dress and the color_ . （ A） flowed （ B） escaped （ C） ran （ D） removed 10 The recent economic crisis has brought about a_in world trade. （ A） sag （ B） tilt （ C
5、） droop （ D） slump 11 Although we decorated the room only six months ago, the paint on the ceiling is already_because of the damp. （ A） crumbling （ B） flaking （ C） disintegrating （ D） splintering 12 The false banknotes fooled many people,but they did not _ to close examination. （ A） put up （ B） keep
6、 up （ C） stand up （ D） look up 13 They were making enough noise at the party to wake the_. （ A） dead （ B） living （ C） lunatic （ D） crippled 14 If you would like to send a donation,you can_a cheque to the Food Organization of Children. （ A） make up （ B） make for （ C） make out （ D） make off 15 The stu
7、dents visited the museum and spent several hours with the_,who was very helpful. （ A） curator （ B） bursar （ C） commissioner （ D） steward 16 The accused man was able to prove his innocence“ at the trial and was_. （ A） absolved （ B） acquitted （ C） pardoned （ D） executed 17 Mary was extremely lucky:whe
8、n her great-uncle died,she_a fortune. （ A） came by （ B） came over （ C） came into （ D） came through 18 The drunken couple did nothing to keep the flat clean and tidy and hived in the utmost_. （ A） decay （ B） contamination （ C） squalor （ D） confinement 19 Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sha
9、rply in the mprning but_slightly in the afternoon. （ A） recovered （ B） recuperated （ C） retrieved （ D） regained 20 He tries to_himself with everyone by paying them compliments. （ A） please （ B） ingratiate （ C） placate （ D） remunerate 21 I was afraid to open the door lest the beggar_me. （ A） followed
10、 （ B） were to follow （ C） follow （ D） would follow 22 By the end of the day the flood water which had covered most of the town had_. （ A） reversed （ B） retired （ C） returned （ D） receded 23 Educational policies made_the hoof by successive secretaries of state are the main reason for low teacher mora
11、le. （ A） in （ B） on （ C） by （ D） along 24 It was obvious that he had been drinking far too much from the way he came_down the street. （ A） toddling （ B） hobbling （ C） loping （ D） staggering 25 He was a generous friend but as a businessman he_a hard bargain （ A） dealt （ B） contracted （ C） drove （ D）
12、faked 26 My friends son,who is a soldier, was delighted when he was_only a few miles from home. （ A） placed （ B） stationed （ C） deported （ D） exorcized 27 In a coal-mining area,the land tends to_causing damage to roads and buildings. （ A） subside （ B） diminish （ C） confiscate （ D） cede 28 As the cat
13、 lay asleep, it dreamed her whiskers_. （ A） twitched （ B） twisted （ C） jerked （ D） jogged 29 The total_from last months charity dance were far more than expected. （ A） warnings （ B） acquisitions （ C） proceeds （ D） subsidies 30 The new manager had many difficulties to overcome but he_them all in his
14、stride. （ A） overlooked （ B） obtained （ C） tackled （ D） took 31 We were_in the middle of our conversation. （ A） cut off （ B） cut down （ C） cut in （ D） cut out 32 _fire tests gold,so does adversity tests courage. （ A） Like （ B） Alike （ C） As （ D） Comparing 33 My grandpa gave me a watch,which is made
15、of gold,_I keep to this day. （ A） and thus （ B） and （ C） so （ D） and which 34 I dont mind a bit if you bring your friends in for a drink,but it is rather too much when ten people arrive_for dinner. （ A） unusually （ B） excessively （ C） consequently （ D） unexpectedly 35 The police accused him of setti
16、ng fire to the building but he denied_in the area on the night of the fire. （ A） to be （ B） to have been （ C） having been （ D） be 36 Look at this mess! If only I_your advice. （ A） follow （ B） had followed （ C） would follow （ D） have followed 37 Some companies have introduced flexible working time wi
17、th less emphasis on pressure_. （ A） than more on efficiency （ B） and more efficiency （ C） and more on efficiency （ D） than efficiency 38 Though I had tried to explain it as clearly as possible,my explanation seemed not to_. （ A） get up （ B） get along （ C） get across （ D） get down 39 We will see_the
18、children are properly educated. （ A） to them （ B） to that （ C） to it whether （ D） to it that 40 The famous inventor was awarded an_doctorate by the university. （ A） honorary （ B） honorable （ C） honored （ D） honorific 二、 Cloze 40 Sea rise as a consequence of global warming would immediately threaten
19、that large fraction of the globe living at sea level. Nearly one-third of all human beings live within 36 miles of a coastline. Most of the worlds great seaport cities would be【 C1】 _: New Orleans, Amsterdam, Shanghai, and Cairo. Some countries Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, islands in the Pa
20、cific would be inundated. Heavily populated coastal areas such as in Bangladesh and Egypt,【 C2】 _large populations occupy low-lying areas, would suffer extreme【 C3】 _. Warmer oceans would spawn stronger hurricanes and typhoons,【 C4】 _in coastal flooding, possibly swamping valuable agricultural lands
21、 around the world.【 C5】_water quality may result as【 C6】 _flooding which forces salt water into coastal irrigation and drinking water supplies, and irreplaceable, natural【 C7】_could be flooded with ocean water, destroying forever many of the【 C8】_plant and animal species living there. Food supplies
22、and forests would be【 C9】 _affected. Changes in rainfall patterns would disrupt agriculture. Warmer temperatures would【 C10】 _grain-growing regions pole-wards. The warming would also increase and change the pest plants, such as weeds and the insects【 C11】 _the crops. Human health would also be affec
23、ted. Warming could【 C12】 _tropical climate bringing with it yellow fever, malaria, and other diseases. Heat stress and heat mortality could rise. The harmful【 C13】 _of localized urban air pollution would very likely be more serious in warmer【 C14】 _. There will be some【 C15】 _from warming. New sea-l
24、anes will open in the Arctic, longer growing seasons further north will【 C16】 _new agricultural lands, and warmer temperature will make some of todays colder regions more【 C17】 _. But these benefits will be in individual areas. The natural systems both plant and animal will be less able than man to
25、cope and【 C18】 _. Any change of temperature, rainfall,and sea level of the magnitude now【 C19】 _will be destructive to natural systems and living things and hence to man as well. The list of possible consequences of global warming suggests very clearly that we must do everything we can now to unders
26、tand its causes and effects and to take all measures possible to prevent and adapt to potential and inevitable disruptions【 C20】_by global warming. 41 【 C1】 （ A） ascended （ B） assaulted （ C） erased （ D） endangered 42 【 C2】 （ A） which （ B） where （ C） when （ D） what 43 【 C3】 （ A） dislocation （ B） disc
27、ontent （ C） distribution （ D） distinction 44 【 C4】 （ A） rebuking （ B） rambling （ C） resulting （ D） rallying 45 【 C5】 （ A） Increased （ B） Reduced （ C） Expanded （ D） Saddened 46 【 C6】 （ A） inland （ B） coastal （ C） urban （ D） suburban 47 【 C7】 （ A） dry-land （ B） mountain （ C） wetlands （ D） forest 48 【
28、C8】 （ A） unique （ B） precious （ C） interesting （ D） exciting 49 【 C9】 （ A） geologically （ B） adversely （ C） secretively （ D） serially 50 【 C10】 （ A） shift （ B） generate （ C） grease （ D） fuse 51 【 C11】 （ A） hiking （ B） hugging （ C） attacking （ D） activating 52 【 C12】 （ A） endanger （ B） accommodate （
29、C） adhere （ D） enlarge 53 【 C13】 （ A） profits （ B） values （ C） effects （ D） interests 54 【 C14】 （ A） conditions （ B） accommodation （ C） surroundings （ D） evolution 55 【 C15】 （ A） adjustments （ B） benefits （ C） adoptions （ D） profits 56 【 C16】 （ A） alternate （ B） abuse （ C） advocate （ D） create 57 【
30、C17】 （ A） accidental （ B） habitable （ C） anniversary （ D） ambient 58 【 C18】 （ A） adapt （ B） alleviate （ C） agitate （ D） assert 59 【 C19】 （ A） ascertained （ B） conformed （ C） consoled （ D） anticipated 60 【 C20】 （ A） tutored （ B） relayed （ C） triggered （ D） reflected 三、 Reading Comprehension 60 Nowada
31、ys,with plentiful ice and electric churning,few people recall the shared excitement of the era when making ice cream was a rarely scheduled event. Then the iceman brought to the back door,on special order,a handsome 2-foot-square cube of cold crystal and everyone in the family took a turn at the cra
32、nk. The critical question among us children was,of course,who might lick the dasher. A century or so ago the novelist Stendhal knew only hand-churned ice cream and,when he first tasted it,exclaimed, “What a pity this isnt a sin! “ Hand-churning is still tops for perfectionists for no power-driven ma
33、chine has yet been invented that can achieve a comparable texture. Even French Pot,the very best commercial method for making ice cream,calls for finishing by hand. Ice creams are based on carefully cooked well-chilled syrups and heavy custards,added to un-whipped cream. No form of vanilla flavoring
34、 can surpass that of vanilla sugar or of the bean itself,steeped in a hot syrup. If sweetened frozen fruits are incorporated into the cream mixture instead of flesh fruits.be sure to adjust sugar content accordingly. Make up mixtures for chum-frozen ice creams the day before you freeze,to increase f
35、ill the container only 3/4 full to permit expansion. To pack the freezer,allow 3 to 6 quarts of chipped or cracked ice to 1 cup of coarse rock salt. Pack about 1/3 of the freezer with ice and add layers of salt and ice around the container until the freezer is full. Allow the pack to stand about 3 m
36、inutes before you start turning. Turn slowly at fir,st,about 40 revolutions a minute,until a slight pull is felt. Then triple speed for 5 to 6 minutes. If any additions,such as finely cut candied or flesh fruits or nuts are to be made,do so at this point. Then repack and taper off the churning to ab
37、out 80 revolutions a minute for a few minutes more. The cream should be ready in 10 to 20 minutes,depending on the quality. If the ice cream or ice is to be used at once.it should be frozen harder than if you plan to serve it later. Should the interval be 2 hours or more,packing will firm it. To pac
38、k,pour off the salt water in the freezer and wipe off the lid. Remove the dasher carefully,making sure that no salt or water gets into the cream container. Scrape the cream down from the sides of the container. Place a cork in the lid and replace the lid. Repack the container in the freezer with add
39、itional ice and salt,using the same proportions as before. Cover the freezer with newspapers,a piece of carpet or other heavy material. The cream should be smooth when served. If it proves granular,you used too much salt in the packing mixture,overfilled the inner container with the ice cream mixtur
40、e or turned too rapidly. If you are making a large quantity with the idea of storing some in the deep-freeze,package in sizes you plan on serving. Should ice cream be allowed to melt even slightly and is then refrozen.it loses in volume and even more in good texture. 61 In the first paragraph, “took
41、 a turn at the crank“ could be paraphrased_. （ A） helped to mix the ice cream （ B） ate some ice cream （ C） helped break up the ice with a hammer （ D） protected the ice cream from children 62 According to the writer, truly perfect ice cream_. （ A） is now common and inexpensive at most stores （ B） is
42、only possible with hand labor （ C） should be melted and then refrozen （ D） needs to be a sin 63 When ice cream is being hand-churned, it is surrounded by a mixture of_. （ A） syrup and cream （ B） syrup and ice （ C） salt and ice （ D） flesh fruit and ice 64 In Paraaraph Four, “taper off“ means_. （ A） c
43、ut up （ B） stop （ C） speed up （ D） slow down 65 This passage reflects an era when_. （ A） people liked a little salt in their ice cream （ B） making ice cream was an occasional form of family entertainment （ C） ice cream was not popular （ D） people did not know now to make cheese with their cream 65 F
44、ood and drink play a major role in Christmas celebrations in most countries,but in few more so than in Mexico. Many families over the festive season will do little more than cook and ingest a seemingly constant cycle of tortillas,fried beans,meat both roasted and stewed,and sticky desserts for days
45、on end. Thus does the extended family keep on extending further and further over their collective waistlines. Lucky them,you might think. Except that Mexicos bad eating habits are leading to a health crisis that most Mexicans seem blissfully unaware of. Obesity and its related disorder,diabetes,are
46、now major health concerns in a country where large rural regions are still concerned more with under than with over nourishment. In its perennial rivalry with the United States,Mexico has at last found an area in which it can match its northern neighbor mouthful for mouthful. The statistics are impr
47、essive,and alarming. According to the OECD,Mexico is now the second fattest nation in that group of 30 countries. A health poll in 1999 found that 35%of women were overweight,and another 24% technically obese. Juan Rivera,an official at the National Institute of Public Health,says that the combined
48、figure for men would be about 55%, and that a similar poll to be carried out next year will show the fat quotient rising. Only the United States,with combined figures of over 60%,is a head. That situation also varies geographically. Although Mexicans populate the north of their country more sparsely
49、 that the south,they make up for it weight-wise. A Study published by the Pan-American Health Organization a month ago showed that in the mostly Hispanic population that lives on either side of the American-Mexican border,fully 74% of men and 70%of women are either over weight or obese. Moreover,even experts have been s
