1、上海交通大学考博英语模拟试卷 3及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The flower under the sun would _ quickly without any protection. （ A） wink （ B） withhold （ C） wither （ D） widower 2 Any earthquake that takes place in any area is certainly regarded as a kind of a_ event （ A） cholesterol （ B） charcoal （ C） catastr
2、ophic （ D） chronic 3 All the music instruments in the orchestra will be_before it starts. （ A） civilized （ B） chattered （ C） chambered （ D） chorded 4 I could see that my wife was_having that fur coat, whether I approved of it or not （ A） adequate for （ B） intent on （ C） short of （ D） deficient in 5
3、His body temperature has been_for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade. （ A） uncommon （ B） disordered （ C） abnormal （ D） extraordinary 6 A complete investigation into the causes of the accident should lead to improved standards and should _new operating procedures. （ A） result i
4、n （ B） match with （ C） subject to （ D） proceed with 7 _popular belief that classical music is too combles, it achieves a simplicity that only a genius can create. （ A） Subject to （ B） Contrary to （ C） Familiar to （ D） Similar to 8 The bond of true affection had pulled us six very different men from
5、six different countries-across Antarctica; we proved in the end that we werent very different_. （ A） for all （ B） as usual （ C） in particular （ D） after all 9 There could have been a war over it but peace _in the end. （ A） counted （ B） revealed （ C） prevailed （ D） survived 10 Rightist Christian lead
6、ers called for the_of Lebanon into Moslem and Christian states. （ A） participant （ B） particle （ C） partition （ D） participation 11 Kuwait, a small country in the Persian Gulf, is_in petroleum deposits. （ A） adequate （ B） sufficient （ C） accumulative （ D） abundant 12 The number of tickets available
7、will be_by the size of the stadium. （ A） determined （ B） related （ C） consequent （ D） dependent 13 In the U. S.A.many communities and church group _social centers for old people. （ A） sponsor （ B） bestow （ C） confer （ D） contribute 14 The childs earliest words deal with concrete objects and actions,
8、 it is much later that he is able to grasp_. （ A） decisions （ B） abstractions （ C） opponents （ D） mathematics 15 If profit and money are your first_, and commitment to people your least concern, you have failed education. （ A） potential （ B） priority （ C） principle （ D） privilege 16 Crisis would be
9、the right term to describe the_in many animal species. （ A） minimization （ B） restriction （ C） descent （ D） decline 17 The farmer was horrified at the_that he has dug from under the field. （ A） brain （ B） skeleton （ C） nose （ D） chest 18 You should_the wheels of your bicycle once a month. （ A） fabri
10、cate （ B） lubricate （ C） elaborate （ D） illustrate 19 I was_by their kindness and moved to tears. （ A） preoccupied （ B） embarrassed （ C） counseled （ D） overwhelmed 20 All the countries allied to fight against their_. （ A） inventor （ B） likeability （ C） mediator （ D） adversary 21 Preceding the commot
11、ion of a battle, there is usually an unusual_. （ A） changeability （ B） likeability （ C） desirability （ D） tranquility 22 Winds most often come from the coast, and are_dmp and not too cold. （ A） somewhat （ B） somehow （ C） nevertheless （ D） then 23 Researchers find it hard to_the two sets of figures.
12、（ A） associate （ B） correspond （ C） correlate （ D） respond 24 Dependence on foreign sources of oil, though_, remains a problem for Japan. （ A） diminishing （ B） excessive （ C） depending （ D） respond 25 The accident_him of his sight and the use of his legs. （ A） excluded （ B） disabled （ C） deprived （
13、D） gripped 26 The people living in these apartments have free_to that swimming pool. （ A） excess （ B） access （ C） excursion （ D） recreation 27 The advanced life forms in nature are all symmetrical, instead of being_. （ A） separated （ B） disproportionate （ C） mutable （ D） imprecise 28 If you want to
14、find the booksellers number, you could look it up in the telephone _. （ A） index （ B） catalogue （ C） list （ D） directory 29 The United Nations Conference on Drug Abuse, which took place earlier this year in Vienna, was a very _ meeting. （ A） productive （ B） overwhelming （ C） compulsory （ D） protecti
15、ve 30 _always exists between the theoretical deduction and the result of experimentation. （ A） Deviation （ B） Derivation （ C） Variation （ D） Variety 31 The symphony concerts here are_by the municipal government （ A） subdued （ B） subscribed （ C） subordinated （ D） subsidized 32 In assessing the impact
16、 of the loss of a parent through death and divorce it was the distortion of family relationships not the_of the bond with the parent in divorce that was vital. （ A） disposition （ B） distinction （ C） distribution （ D） disruption 33 Finally, let s_a critical issue in any honest exploration of our atti
17、tudes towards old people, namely the value which our society ascribes to them. （ A） stick to （ B） turn to （ C） lead to （ D） take to 34 Smuggling is a_activity which might bring destruction to our economy; therefore, it must be banned. （ A） pertinent （ B） fruitful （ C） detrimental （ D） casual 35 The
18、manufacturer was forced to return the money to the consumers under_of law. （ A） guideline （ B） definition （ C） constraint （ D） identity 36 Horseback riding_both the skill of handling a horse and the mastery of diverse riding styles. （ A） embraces （ B） encourages （ C） exaggerates （ D） elaborate 37 He
19、 cannot_ the fact that he was late again for the conference at the university yesterday. （ A） contribute to （ B） account for （ C） identify with （ D） leave out 38 Please do not be_ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attentioa （ A） disgusted （ B） embarrassed （ C） irritated （ D） sh
20、ocked 39 For nearly 50 years, Spock has been a_author writing 13 books including an autobiography and numerous magazine articles. （ A） prevalent （ B） precautious （ C） prospective （ D） prolific 40 Workers in this country are getting higher wages while turning out poor products that do not_ the test o
21、f international competition. （ A） keep up with （ B） stand up to （ C） comply with （ D） attend to 二、 Reading Comprehension 40 The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike progress in both area is undoubtedly
22、 necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies, however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that is it, because new
23、 educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and,
24、 as a result, radically higher standards of living. Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and Japan at its pre-bubble peak. The U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor
25、 U. S. economic performance. Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. Yet the research revealed that the U. S. factories of Honda Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts a result of the training that U. S.
26、workers received on the job. More recently, while examing housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industrys work. What
27、is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments dont force it After all, thats how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10, 000 years ag
28、o, they didnt have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things. As education improved, humanitys productivity potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high lev
29、el of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be a-ble to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal edu-catio
30、a A lack of formal education, however, doesnt constrain the ability of the developing worlds workforce to substantially improve productivity to the forested future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isnt developing more quickly there than it is. 41 The auth
31、or holds in paragraph 1 that the important of education in poor countries_. （ A） is subject groundless doubts （ B） has fallen victim of bias （ C） is conventional downgraded （ D） has been overestimated 42 It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system_. （ A） challenges econom
32、ists and politicians （ B） takes efforts of gene rations （ C） demands priority from the government （ D） requires sufficient labor force 43 A major difference between the Japanese and U. S. workforces is that_. （ A） the Japanese workforce is better disciplined （ B） the Japanese workforce is more produ
33、ctive （ C） the U. S. workforce has a better education （ D） the U. S. workforce is more organize 44 The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged_. （ A） when people had enough time （ B） prior to better ways of finding food （ C） when people on longer went hung （ D） as a
34、 result of pressure on government 45 According to the last paragraph, development of education_. （ A） results directly from competitive environments （ B） does not depend on economic performance （ C） follows improved productivity （ D） cannot afford political changes 45 The most thoroughly studied in
35、the history, of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “So much important attached to intellectual pursuits“. According to many books and articles, New En
36、glands leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life. To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-importan
37、t subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New world circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely u
38、nderstood ideals of civility and virtuosity. The early setters of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629, There were political leaders like John Winthrop, an
39、 educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness. We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders
40、were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, The in thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving
41、 Englandthat is filled with signs sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father me first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words; “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, a
42、nd I will be your God and you shall be my people. “ One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churched. Mean while, many settles had slighter religious commitments than Danes, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mo
43、cked that they had not come to the New world for religion. “ Our main end was to catch fish. “ 46 The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England_. （ A） Puritan tradition dominated political life. （ B） intellectual interests were encouraged. （ C） Politics benefited much from intellectua
44、l endeavors. （ D） intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment 47 It is suggested in paragraph 2 that New Englanders_. （ A） experienced a comparatively peaceful early history （ B） brought with them the culture of the Old World （ C） paid little attention to southern intellectual life （ D） were
45、 obsessed with religious innovations 48 The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay_. （ A） were famous in the New World for their writings （ B） gained increasing importance in religious affairs （ C） abandoned high positions before coming to the New World （ D） created a new intelle
46、ctual atmosphere in New England 49 The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often _. （ A） influenced by superstitions （ B） troubled with religious beliefs （ C） puzzled by church sermons （ D） frustrated with family earnings 50 The text suggests that early settlers in N
47、ew England_. （ A） were mostly engaged in political activities （ B） were motivated by an illusory prospect （ C） came from different backgrounds （ D） left few formal records for later reference 50 While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modem life, women appear to be way ahead in at least on
48、e undesirable category. Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men, according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New Yorks Veterans Administration Hospital Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affects the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemic
