1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 13及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 1 It is a timeworn sign of old age and frailty. Yet arthritis often 【 1】 _ the young. This disease of the bo
3、dy also has a 【 2】 _ impact on the mind. “got very 【 3】 _. I couldnt sleep. When pain is 【 4】 _ like that, it changes your personality. And it affected everyone around me,“ says Nora Baldner, who had arthritis in both hips. “Id pour 【 5】 _ milk on my kids cereal because I didnt want to walk to the b
4、ack of the supermarket where the real milk was.“ Joint problems are now hurting and crippling 43 million Americans, and theyre more 【 6】 _ than cancer or diabetes. The most common form, osteoarthritis, affects about 21 million. Rheumatoid arthritis, another common type, hits slightly more than 2 mil
5、lion. (There are 95 or so other forms, often affecting fewer people.) And the numbers are going up 【 7】 _. By 2025, the total is expected to top 【 8】 _ million, as an obese population pounds more heavily on its joints and an active generation of baby 【 9】 . _ grinds them down. Whats worse, these peo
6、ple will be fighting the disease without medicines that had become staples of treatment: The drugs Vioxx and Bextra have just been yanked off the market because they appear to 【 10】 _ the risk of heart disease, and that same shadow of fear has been cast over remaining drugs like Celebrex and even ib
7、uprofen- a medicine that had already worded doctors because heavy use can cause bleeding in the stomach. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the qu
8、estions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Which word is not used by Norberg-Hodge to describe the Ladakhi people? （ A） open （ B） happy （ C）
9、self-protected （ D） humble 12 Why was the Ladakhi culture damaged? （ A） Because India and China fought there （ B） Because it becomes dependent on the import （ C） Because the Indian government regarded this region as the front in war （ D） Because the developing ways introduced are against the realiti
10、es there 13 As far as tourism concerned, local people. （ A） think their culture is being destroyed （ B） feel it is a pity to lose the paradise （ C） have different ideas from the foreigners （ D） are fully aware of the consequences 14 Ladakhi people think that the Westerns _. （ A） are not rich （ B） ne
11、ed not to work （ C） are unintelligent （ D） have the same lives as those of them 15 Ladakhi people usually _. （ A） have few interests in the information provided by Norberg-Hodge （ B） can understand the information （ C） feel ashamed of their backwardness after knowing about the outside world （ D） kno
12、w how the outside world is SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 How do the scientists measure the pit
13、ch? （ A） According to the movement and vibrations of hot gasses （ B） The trade winds blow on Earth （ C） The rivers （ D） The sound travel through the space 17 We should _ when we want to glimpse inside the sun. （ A） answer questions about its temperature （ B） translate the sounds into images （ C） kno
14、w how gases inside ebb and flow （ D） measure the pitch 18 What did they find out? （ A） An equatorial belt of faster moving material. （ B） The solar sound. （ C） A sun orbiting satellite. （ D） An other plantet. 19 Which one was not mentioned in the conclusion document issued by the summit? （ A） the EU
15、 would develop a strategic partnership with China （ B） the EU had decided to lift the arms ban later this year （ C） the EU would try to resolve the trade dispute with China quickly （ D） the EU promised to intensify dialogue in all areas 20 According to Asselborn, which would lay down a solid road fo
16、r the lifting? （ A） the strategic partnership between the EU and China （ B） the dialogue in all areas （ C） the British effort to strike a deal on the EU code of conduct on arms exports （ D） the US-EU relationship 21 The ivory-billed woodpecker, if you havent heard, is no longer extinct. In late spri
17、ng, a group of 17 researchers announced in the online version of Science that they had spotted at least one member of this majestic species living in the cypress and tupelo swamps of eastern Arkansas. Once found everywhere in Southern hardwood forests, the ivory-billed woodpecker tumbled in populati
18、on after the turn of the century, the victim of avid collectors and logging. It had last been seen in 1944, reduced to what Tim Gallagher, author of “The Grail Bird: Hot on the Trail of the Ivory-Billed Woodpecker,“ calls “a symbol of everything that has gone wrong with our relationship to the envir
19、onment.“ “The Grail Bird“ is the story of this remarkable rediscovery, told by one of the chief rediscoverers. The editor of Living Bird magazine, Gallagher began the book several years ago with milder ambitions. The plan was to interview anyone who had seen the bird - or thought he or she had. Soon
20、, though, he was swept into a web of tantalizing rumors and half-clues, propelled by the possibility that a living ivory-bill might yet be found. “If someone. could prove that this remarkable species still exists, it would be the most hopeful event imaginable: we would have one final chance to get i
21、t right, to save this bird and the bottomland swamp forests it needs to survive.“ Hope was a thing with a three-foot wingspan. “The Grail Bird“ is less an ecological study than a portrait of human obsession; if not for the outcome, it could as easily be a book about the hunt for Bigfoot. Gallagher s
22、takes out swamps teeming with alligators and cottonmouths. He sifts through shady evidence, from fuzzy Instamatic photographs to bags of bark shavings - peeled, possibly, by the ivory-billed woodpecker in its search for beetle grubs. He suffers bloodied feet and an infected knee. His closest compani
23、on, Bobby Ray Harrison, a wildlife photographer and an arts professor at Oakwood College, dresses in full camouflage gear and canoes with a camcorder attached to his helmet. “Sasquatch chasers,“ Gallaghers wife calls them. Yet for all the shenanigans, his book is an insightful look at what most biol
24、ogical fieldwork involves: a lot of sweating, sitting and waiting for ghosts to - maybe - make themselves real. As tales go, “The Grail Bird“ isnt the most stylishly told. Gallagher lets his characters talk at too-great length, and the incidental details are sometimes overly incidental. (“After pigg
25、ing out on bad burgers, we got a room at a cheap motel and quickly fell into a deep, exhausted sleep with lots of snoring.“) But most readers probably wont mind. As some rivers are to be enjoyed not for the quality of the water but for the quality of the stones to be found therein, so it is with som
26、e books. Gallagher presents a series of lively characters: Fielding Lewis, a former Louisiana state boxing commissioner who in 1971 took two fuzzy photographs of the woodpecker that were subsequently - and perhaps mistakenly - discredited; an anonymous “woodpecker-whisperer“ who claims to have a tel
27、epathic connection to the birds, even a thousand miles away. (One group of searchers failed, they were told, because they were noisily scaring off the bird.) Oddly missing from this recounting is any extended focus on the ivory-billed woodpecker itself. Granted, the bird has been invisible for decad
28、es, a presence notable largely for its absence. Still, the book might have given us the animals history in more detail - something to convey the visceral appeal of this “grail.“ Without that, the quest - though triumphant - at times feels hollow, and the fulfillment of the authors obsession veers pe
29、rilously close to sounding like an end in itself. 21 According to the text, the ivory-billed woodpecker _. （ A） is extinct since the year of 1994. （ B） was found by a group of 17 researchers through the internet. （ C） is called “Grail Bird“ because it is hallowed to the degree of holiness. （ D） is s
30、o famous that it has become a symbol of the spoiled relationship between human beings and nature. 22 By saying that the book of “Grail Bird“ could “easily be a book about the hunt for Bigfoot“, the author means that _. （ A） the book is merely about the hunt for impossible things. （ B） if the bird ha
31、d not been discovered by the researchers, the book would have been like all the books about Bigfoot- only legends, no facts and truths. （ C） the hunt for the ivory-billed woodpecker enjoys similarity to the hunt for Bigfoot, because both of them are rare animals. （ D） the book is about the human obs
32、ession of finding legendary animals and about their guilty conscience facing nature. 23 Concerning the style of the book, it is revealed in the text that _. （ A） it is a normal book of discovering trip, with no particular style. （ B） it is stylish in its narration and the characters are vivid. （ C）
33、its style is not so perfect especially concerning the trivial talks of the characters and the too incidental details. （ D） readers do not like the trivial style of this book. 24 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Fielding Lewis has taken two pictures of the bird, but it was too fuzz
34、y and he was mistakenly discredited. （ B） The author believes that the woodpecker-whisperer do have a telepathic connection to the birds. （ C） The quality of the book may not so perfect in itself, but there is still something to be cherished and reflected on. （ D） There is much sweating, sitting and
35、 waiting before the completion of the book. 25 From this article, we may draw the conclusion that _. （ A） The focus on the bird is an important yet missing characteristic, and without it even the successful discovery will seem hollow. （ B） It is not the bird but the human efforts that attract a lot
36、of readers attention. （ C） The article argues that the book is with great content and great focus. （ D） Although the book is not stylish, readers still find interesting things in its characterization and extended history of the bird. 26 We all know that programming language is the system of syntax,
37、grammar, and symbols or words used to give instructions to a computer. Because computers work with binary numbers, first-generation languages, called machine languages, required the writing of long strings of binary numbers to represent such operations as add, subtract, and compare. Later improvemen
38、ts allowed octal, decimal, or hexadecimal representation of binary strings. It is difficult to write error-free programs in machine language; many languages have been created to make programming easier and faster. Symbolic, or assembly, languages- second-generation languages- were introduced in the
39、early 1950s. They use simple mnemonics such as “A“ for add or “M“ for multiply, which are translated into machine language by a computer program called an assembler. An extension of such a language is the macro instruction, a mnemonic (such as “READ“) for which the assembler substitutes a series of
40、simpler mnemonics. In the mid-1950s, a third generation of languages came into use. Called high-level languages because they are largely independent of the hardware, these algorithmic, or procedural, languages are designed for solving a particular type of problem. Unlike machine or symbolic language
41、s, they vary little between computers. They must be translated into machine code by a program called a compiler or interpreter. The first such language was FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation), developed about 1956 and best used for scientific calculation. The first commercial language, COBOL (Common Busin
42、ess Oriented Language), was developed about 1959. ALGOL (ALGOrithmic Language), developed in Europe about 1958, is used primarily in mathematics and science, as is APL (A Programming Language), published in 1962. P1/1 (programming Language 1), developed in the late 1960s, and ADA (for Ada Augusta, c
43、ountess of Lovelace, biographer of Charles Babbage), developed in 1981, are designed for both business and scientific use. For personal computers the most popular languages are BASIC (Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code), developed in 1967 and similar to FORTRAN, and Pascal (for Blaise P
44、ascal, who built the first successful mechanical calculator), introduced in 1971 as a teaching language. Modula 2, a Pacal-like language for commercial and mathematical applications, was introduced in 1982. The C language, introduced (1972) to implement the Unix operating system, has been extended t
45、o C+ to deal with the rigors of object-oriented programming. Fourth-generation languages are nonprocedural. They specify what is to be accomplished without describing how. The first one, FORTH, developed in 1970, is used in scientific and industrial control applications. Most fourth-generation langu
46、ages are written for specific purposes. Fifth-generation languages, which are still in infancy, are an outgrowth of artificial intelligence research. PROLOG (PROgramming Logic) is useful for programming logical processes and making deductions automatically. Many other languages have been designed to
47、 meet specialized needs. GPSS (General Purpose System Simulator) is used for modeling physical and environmental events, and SNOBOL (String-Oriented Symbolic Language) and LISP (LISt Processing) are designed for pattern matching and list processing. LOGO, a version of LISP, was developed in the 1960
48、s to help children learn about computers. PILOT (Programmed Instruction Learning, Or Testing) is used in writing instructional software, and Occam is a nonsequential language that optimizes the execution of a programs instructions in parallel processing systems. 26 The 3rd generation of programming
49、language shares all the following characteristics EXCETP （ A） it is used in designing software. （ B） it is hardware-independent. （ C） is should be translated into the computer language by software. （ D） it is designed to solve some specific problem. 27 In the late 1950s, for the first time a computer programming language _. （ A） began using binary numbers （ B） was used to implement the Unix operating system （ C） was put into the market （ D） was used for modeling physic
