1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 456及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Writing Effective Survey Questions I. For quantitative data A. Making an outline of issues with (1)_. con
3、crete thoughts Splitting items with different concepts Making abstract items more concrete B. Deciding rating labels Using them consistently Keeping changes to (2)_ C. Turning each line of your outline into a survey item (3)_ each bullet point into a question or statement D. (4)_the survey Making a
4、series of judgment calls Dropping unnecessary items E. Looking for ways to make each item more precise Using simple sentences and (5)_ Avoiding asking vague or overly general questions Avoiding using items that could be (6)_ Presenting items neutrally II. For qualitative data Greatest opportunity to
5、 get (7)_ A. Conducting a pilot surveys Sending out your complete survey to 10% of (8)_ Noticing some problem areas with more useful information B. Being sure the questions provoking for (9)_information C. Making yourself as the survey respondent and giving answers D. Not (10)_it SECTION B INTERVIEW
6、 Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the intervie
7、w. 11 Compared with written complex questionnaires, structured interviews （ A） are likely to obtain a higher response rate. （ B） mainly aim illiterate people as respondents. （ C） are more like casual everyday conversations. （ D） suit literate and capable respondents more. 12 Which of the following s
8、tatements is CORRECT? （ A） If there are no restrictions, try to get as big a response as you can. （ B） Always control the number of respondents in case it gets out of control. （ C） If time is limited, try to pick out the respondents in advance. （ D） Finish the planned number of interviews even if th
9、e deadline should be postponed. 13 According to Prof. Kingston, how should the interviewers ask questions? （ A） Be flexible and add some relevant questions if necessary. （ B） Listen attentively to the interviewees while asking questions. （ C） Follow the questions strictly without even adding one wor
10、d. （ D） Keep the interviewees attention and ask questions as many as possible. 14 Why should researchers always record the interviews? （ A） Because the technology makes recordings easy to make. （ B） Because successful recordings provide more detailed data. （ C） Because recordings can show everybodys
11、 facial expressions. （ D） Because recordings can help the interviewers pilot their schedule. 15 What must researchers do after carrying out the interviews? （ A） Make copies of all the data. （ B） Decide the most suitable software. （ C） Input all the data in the computer. （ D） Classify and analyze all
12、 the answers. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following statements is CORRECT? （ A）
13、 12-character passwords are far more secure than 8-character ones. （ B） Researchers suggest 12-character passwords should always be standard. （ C） 12-character is the most convenient length for passwords. （ D） 12-character full-sentence passwords are the ideal passwords. 17 What is the moving direct
14、ion of Tropical Storm Gert? （ A） Southeast to Bermuda. （ B） Southeast from Bermuda. （ C） North to Bermuda. （ D） North from Bermuda. 18 Of all the named storms of the 2011 Atlantic hurricane season, Gert is the （ A） 1st. （ B） 3rd. （ C） 5th. （ D） 7th. 19 Overweight people are likely to suffer from all
15、 the following diseases EXCEPT （ A） heart attacks. （ B） stroke. （ C） diabetes. （ D） chest pain. 20 According to the research carried out by York University researchers, for obese people, （ A） they should lose weight before evaluating their health conditions. （ B） not gaining any weight is easier to
16、achieve than losing weight. （ C） they are likely to benefit a lot from losing their weight. （ D） having a healthy lifestyle is more important than losing weight. 20 I came to Africa with one purpose: I wanted to see the world outside the perspective of European egocentricity. The simplest way to exp
17、lain what Ive learned from my life in Africa is through a parable about why human beings have two ears but only one tongue. Why is this? Probably so that we have to listen twice as much as we speak. In Africa listening is a guiding principle. Its a principle thats been lost in the constant chatter o
18、f the Western world, where no one seems to have the time or even the desire to listen to anyone else. From my own experience, Ive noticed how much faster I have to answer a question during a TV interview than I did 10, maybe even 5, years ago. Its as if we have completely lost the ability to listen.
19、 Im old enough to remember when South American literature emerged in popular consciousness and changed forever our view of the human condition and what it means to be human. Now, I think its Africas turn. Everywhere, people on the African continent write and tell stories. Soon, African literature se
20、ems likely to burst onto the world scene much as South American literature did some years ago when Gabriel Garcia Marquez and others led a tumultuous and highly emotional revolt against ingrained truth. Soon an African literary outpouring will offer a new perspective on the human condition. The Moza
21、mbican author Mia Couto has, for example, created an African magic realism that mixes written language with the great oral traditions of Africa. If we are capable of listening, were going to discover that many African narratives have completely different structures than were used to. I over-simplify
22、, of course. Yet everybody knows that there is truth in what Im saying: Western literature is normally linear; it proceeds from beginning to end without major digressions in space or time. Thats not the case in Africa. Here, instead of linear narrative, there is unrestrained and exuberant storytelli
23、ng that skips back and forth in time and blends together past and present. Someone who may have died long ago can intervene without any fuss in a conversation between two people who are very much alive. Just as an example. The nomads who still inhabit the Kalahari Desert are said to tell one another
24、 stories on their daylong wanderings, during which they search for edible roots and animals to hunt. Often they have more than one story going at the same time. Sometimes they have three or four stories running in parallel. But before they return to the spot where they will spend the night, they man
25、age either to intertwine the stories or split them apart for good, giving each its own ending. A number of years ago I sat down on a stone bench outside the Teatro Avenida in Maputo, Mozambique, where I work as an artistic consultant. Two old African men were sitting on that bench, but there was roo
26、m for me, too. In Africa people share more than just water in a brotherly or sisterly fashion. Even when it comes to shade, people are generous. I heard the two men talking about a third old man who had recently died. One of them said, “I was visiting him at his home. He started to tell me an amazin
27、g story about something that had happened to him when he was young. But it was a long story. Night came, and we decided that I should come back the next day to hear the rest. But when I arrived, he was dead.“ The man fell silent. I decided not to leave that bench until I heard how the other man woul
28、d respond to what hed heard. I had an instinctive feeling that it would prove to be important. Finally he, too, spoke. “Thats not a good way to diebefore youve told the end of your story.“ It struck me as I listened to those two men that a truer nomination for our species than Homo sapiens might be
29、Homo narrans, the storytelling person. What differentiates us from animals is the fact that we can listen to other peoples dreams, fears, joys, sorrows, desires and defeatsand they in turn can listen to ours. Many people make the mistake of confusing information with knowledge. They are not the same
30、 thing. Knowledge involves the interpretation of information. Knowledge involves listening. So if I am right that we are storytelling creatures, and as long as we permit ourselves to be quiet for a while now and then, the eternal narrative will continue. Many words will be written on the wind and th
31、e sand, or end up in some obscure digital vault. But the storytelling will go on until the last human being stops listening. Then we can send the great chronicle of humanity out into the endless universe. Who knows? Maybe someone is out there, willing to listen. 21 According to the passage, the Euro
32、peans （ A） know about the African peoples guiding principle. （ B） dont want to be egocentric any more. （ C） enjoy the kind of life that is in the fast lane. （ D） are less impatient of listening than they used to be. 22 The word “outpouring“ in Paragraph 4 probably means （ A） prosperity. （ B） emergen
33、ce. （ C） revival. （ D） influence. 23 Which of the following is NOT a feature of African narratives? （ A） Events are arranged mainly in chronological order. （ B） There may be a series of flashbacks in them. （ C） Narrators dont have to stick to many restrictions. （ D） The deceased may engage in a conv
34、ersation of the living. 24 It can be inferred from the passage that the author thinks （ A） the nomads in the deserts are good story-tellers. （ B） African people are as close as brothers and sisters. （ C） knowledge is more important than information. （ D） Europeans should not chatter on and on. 25 Th
35、e best title for the passage is （ A） African Narratives. （ B） Storytelling. （ C） The Art of Listening. （ D） European Egocentricity. 25 The Ozarks are Americas least appreciated mountain range. Lacking the majesty of the Rockies, the breadth of the Appalachians or the mournful grandeur of the Cascade
36、s, there they sit, somewhere in the middle of the country, south of the Midwest, north of the south, east of the mountainous west. They have long drawn fishermen and hikers; until now, however, art fanciers have had little reason to visit. That changes with the opening of the Crystal Bridges Museum
37、of American Art. With 120 acres (48.6 hectares) of forests and gardens and long hiking trails connecting it with downtown Bentonville, Crystal Bridges is not just in but also of the Ozarks. Its patron, Alice Walton, is the scion of the Ozarks first family: her father, Sam Walton, opened a discount s
38、tore called Wal-Mart in nearby Rogers, Arkansas, in 1962. Today Walmart is Americas largest private employer. The Walton Family Foundation gave the museum a $ 1.2 billion endowment and Ms Walton and the museum have been on something of a buying spree for several years. The museum is not simply Ms Wa
39、ltons own private collection. Like Nancy Aldrich Rockefeller she has been the driving force behind its creation. Ms Walton has long spoken of wanting to bring art to a region that has little of it, and in that ambition she has without question succeeded. Though admission is free thanks to a $ 20m be
40、quest, the museum sells memberships roughly 4, 600 of the 5, 000 memberships have been bought by Arkansans. Crystal Bridges takes its name from Crystal Spring, which flows on the grounds, and from the multiple bridges around which the museum is designed. The architect is Moshe Safdie, best known for
41、 his half-brutalist, half-playful Habitat 67 complex in Montreal. Crystal Bridges comprises several discrete but linked structures that meander around and above two spring-fed reflecting ponds, a design that Mr. Safdie says is meant to echo the surrounding topography. Much of the museums roofing is
42、copper, which currently has the umbral hue of the foliage around itthe leaves dying in autumn, the copper brand newbut which will of course gradually darken, turning a deep rust red and then dark brown before taking on the familiar light green patina in years to come. And just as the buildings nestl
43、e into and hug their surroundings, with few right angles, so the roofs arch and swoop and fall, mimicking the regions mountains. Trees surround the museum; as they grow they will enshroud it with leaves in full summer and expose it in winter. Crystal Bridges does not look like a traditional Japanese
44、 structure, but something of the Japanese aestheticsimplicity and cleanness of design, reverence for nature, the impulse to build in harmony with rather than atop the natural world -pervades it. The museums collection manages to be both thorough and surprising. Those who wish to see works by major A
45、merican artists such as Winslow Homer, Thomas Hart Benton and Robert Rauschenberg will not be disappointed. But Don Bacigalupi, the museum director, says that in building a collection at this late date he looked at “identifying new scholarship and new research that led us toward artists and moments
46、less well discovered“. That has inspired a particularly strong focus on women in American artas patrons, subjects and creators. Janet Sobel, who made drip paintings several years before Jackson Pollock, gets her due. Among the museums first-rate collection of portraits, nothing exceeds Dennis Miller
47、 Bunkers sombre, haunting image of Anne Page; and in its contemporary galleries Alison Elizabeth Taylors marquetry “Room“ is, like the museum itself, a chamber of wonders in an unexpected place. 26 Which of the following can be used to describe the Ozarks? （ A） Magnificent. （ B） Negligible. （ C） Col
48、ossal. （ D） Alluring. 27 The word “scion“ in Paragraph 2 probably means （ A） sponsor. （ B） donator. （ C） descendant. （ D） curator. 28 Which of the following statements is NOT true of the museum? （ A） The roof is covered with copper of various colors. （ B） Its style has been adapted from Japanese cul
49、ture. （ C） It integrates with the surroundings naturally. （ D） It is made up of a couple of buildings. 29 We can infer from the passage that （ A） women artists usually receive less attention than men. （ B） the works of top artists worldwide will be displayed. （ C） young artists will have a chance to show their works. （ D） Dennis Miller Bunker is the most well-known American artist. 30 The purpose of the passage is to （ A） introduce how the Crystal Bridges Museum i
