1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 463及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Communicate Complex Ideas Successfully In todays lecture, we will discuss how to communicate complex idea
3、s suc cessfully when speaking to an audience from the following six aspects: I. The preparation. A. determine (1)_ B. determine your audience II. How to structure your presentation. A. determine the length of the preparation B. break (2)_ into smaller segments: the first segment: introduction the fo
4、llowing segments:tackle (3)_on your agenda the last segment:conclusion III. How to achieve clarity and impact. A. keep your presentation short and simple highlight the most important parts B. use “(4)_“ structure when in doubt IV. How to reinforce your message with visual aids. make sure: A. conside
5、r the usage of the visual aids B. do not cram too much (5)_ keep each visual to six lines or less C. make sure your presentation can be seen clearly D. find a good (6)_to face your audience V. How to arrange the room. A. visit the room (7)_ B. determine seating and working methods of the visual aids
6、 C. consider lighting, space, (8)_ , etc. VI. (9) tips. A. avoid too many statistics and confusing information B. take a public speaking course in college or university C. video yourself and (10)_accordingly SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen c
7、arefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 When, according to Mrs. Hammer, is the phone interview likely to ta
8、ke place? （ A） Before sending out the CV. （ B） Before the in-person interview. （ C） After the face-to-face interview. （ D） When the boss is out of town. 12 When the telephone interviews take place at an awkward moment, what should interviewees do? （ A） Taking notes of the telephone conversation to h
9、elp them concentrate. （ B） Turning the call-waiting off so that they wont be interrupted any more. （ C） Asking the interviewers if they can arrange another time to have the interview. （ D） Shutting the doors close and ask their family members to keep quiet. 13 How can family members help the intervi
10、ewees to prepare for the phone interview? （ A） Have a landline installed. （ B） Carry out mock interviews. （ C） List their accomplishments. （ D） Search for the typical questions. 14 Which of the following is an improper behavior when taking the phone interview? （ A） Sipping some water to wet the mout
11、h. （ B） Smiling and making their voice sound nice. （ C） Speaking slowly and clearly. （ D） Answering all the questions without hesitation. 15 What should job seekers do after the phone interview? （ A） Waiting for further notice from the interviewer. （ B） Writing notes for the possible answers in an i
12、n-person interview. （ C） Sending a thank-you note to restate their interest in the job. （ D） Listening to the record of the interview to make improvement. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that foll
13、ow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 What is the purpose of holding the first-ever Girls 20-Summit? （ A） To simulate the process of G-20 Economic Summit. （ B） To call for the worlds attention to developing countries. （ C） To warn the world of the
14、 danger of neglecting the power of women. （ D） To talk over the problems females are confronted with. 17 It seems that women_are deprived of more basic human rights. （ A） from those industrial countries （ B） from the primitive tribes （ C） from low-income families （ D） from developing countries 18 Th
15、e hostile public attitude in Turkey towards Israel is caused by （ A） Turkish citizens deaths. （ B） Israeli governments attitude. （ C） AK Partys incompetency. （ D） military conflicts. 19 How many people were injured in the Love Parade? （ A） At least 15. （ B） At least 18. （ C） More than 33. （ D） Less
16、than 14. 20 What is the main cause of the tragedy? （ A） More DJs showed up than expected. （ B） More attendees showed up than expected. （ C） The organizers prepared two event sites. （ D） Emergency vehicles suddenly appeared at the site. 20 Barack Obama invited a puzzling group of people into the Whit
17、e House: university presidents. What should one make of these strange creatures? Are they chief executives or labour leaders? Heads of pre-industrial guilds or champions of one of Americas most successful industries? Defenders of civilisation or merciless rack-renters? Whatever they might be, they a
18、re at the heart of a political firestorm. Anger about the cost of college extends from the preppiest of parents to the grungiest of Occupiers. Mr. Obama is trying to channel the anger, to avoid being sideswiped by it. The White House invitation complained that costs have trebled in the past three de
19、cades. Arne Duncan, the secretary of education, has urged universities to address costs with “much greater urgency“. A sense of urgency is justified: ex-students have debts approaching $ 1 trillion. But calm reflection is needed too. Americas universities suffer from many maladies besides cost. And
20、rising costs are often symptoms of much deeper problems: problems that were irritating during the years of affluence but which are cancerous in an age of austerity. The first problem is the inability to say “no“. For decades American universities have been offering more of everything more courses fo
21、r undergraduates, more research students for professors and more rock walls for everybody on the merry assumption that there would always be more money to pay for it all. The second is Ivy League envy. The vast majority of American universities are obsessed by rising up the academic hierarchy, becom
22、ing a bit less like Yokel-U and a bit more like Yale. Ivy League envy leads to an obsession with research. This can be a problem even in the best universities: students feel short-changed by professors fixated on crawling along the frontiers of knowledge with a magnifying glass. At lower-level unive
23、rsities it causes dysfunction. American professors of literature crank out 70, 000 scholarly publications a year, compared with 13, 757 in 1959. Most of these simply moulder: Mark Bauerlein of Emory University points out that, of the 16 research papers produced in 2004 by the University of Vermonts
24、literature department, a fairly representative institution, 11 have since received between zero and two citations. The time wasted writing articles that will never be read cannot be spent teaching. In “Academically Adrift“ Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa argue that over a third of Americas students sh
25、ow no improvement in critical thinking or analytical reasoning after four years in college. Popular anger about universities costs is rising just as technology is shaking colleges to their foundations. The Internet is changing the rules. Star academics can lecture to millions online rather than the
26、chosen few in person. Testing and marking can be automated. And for-profit companies such as the University of Phoenix are stripping out costs by concentrating on a handful of popular courses as well as making full use of the Internet. The Sloan Foundation reports that online enrolments grew by 10%
27、in 2010, against 2% for the sector as a whole. Many universities first instinct will be to batten down the hatches and wait for this storm to pass. But the storm is not going to pass. The higher-education industry faces a stark choice: either adapt to a rapidly changing world or face a future of che
28、eseparing. It is surely better to rethink the career structure of your employees than to see it wither (the proportion of professors at four-year universities who are on track to win tenure fell from 50% in 1997 to 39% ten years later). And it is surely better to reform yourself than to have hostile
29、 politicians take you into receivership. A growing number of universities are beginning to recognise this. They understand that the beginning of wisdom in academia, as in business in general, is choosing what not to do. They are in recovery from their Ivy League envy. They are also striking up relat
30、ions with private-sector organisations. And a growing number of foundations, such as the Kauffman Foundation, are doing their best to spread the gospel of reform and renewal. 21 As to anger about the cost of college, Mr. Obamas attitude is most likely to be （ A） apparent. （ B） prudent. （ C） equivoca
31、l. （ D） aggressive. 22 What function does the third paragraph serve? （ A） It continues the analysis of the problem. （ B） It confirms the seriousness of the problem. （ C） It further explains the soaring cost. （ D） It offers a cause for the rising cost. 23 The italicized “students feel short-changed b
32、y professors“ (Para. 5) probably means （ A） students worry about what professors do research on. （ B） students feel it doesnt pay to study at university. （ C） students are obsessed with too much research. （ D） students suffer from different mental problems. 24 All the following are mentioned in the
33、passage to deal with problems of college EXCEPT （ A） active reform. （ B） sensible choices. （ C） structural adjustments. （ D） cost reduction. 25 The best title for the passage is （ A） Mr. Obamas Dilemma. （ B） University Challenge. （ C） The Rising Cost. （ D） Anger about College. 25 Bill Gates, then st
34、ill Microsofts boss, was nearly right in 2004 when he predicted the end of spam in two years. Thanks to clever filters unsolicited e-mail has largely disappeared as a daily nuisance for most on the Internet. But spam is still a menace: blocked at the e-mail inbox, spammers post messages as comments
35、on websites and increasingly on social networks like Twitter and Facebook. The criminal businesses behind spam are competitive and creative. They vault over technical fixes as fast as the hurdles are erected . The anti-spam industry has done laudable work in saving e-mail. But it is always one step
36、behind. When filters blocked missives with tell-tale words such as “Rolex“ or “Viagra“, spammers misspelled them. When filters blocked mail from suspect network addresses, the spammers used botnets (networks of hijacked computers) instead. In the end, the software industrys interest is in making mon
37、ey from the problem (by selling subscriptions to regular security updates) rather than tackling it at its source. Law-enforcement agencies have had some success shutting down spam-control servers in America and the Netherlands. Even Russia, where much of the worlds spam is spawned, has shown signs o
38、f cooperation. But as one place becomes unfriendly, spammers move somewhere else. Internet connections in poor and ill-run countries are improving faster than the authorities there can police them. That wont end soon. In any case, the real problem is not the message, but the link. Sometimes an unwis
39、e click leads only to a website that sells counterfeit pills. But it can also lead to a page that infects your computer with a virus or another piece of malicious software that then steals your passwords or uses your machine for other nefarious purposes. Spam was never about e-mail; it was about con
40、vincing us to click. To the spammer, it is moot whether the link is e-mailed, tweeted or liked. The police are doing what they can, and software companies keep on tightening security. But spam is not just a hack or a crime, it is a social problem, too. If you look beyond the computers that lie betwe
41、en a spammer and his mark, you can see all the classic techniques of a con-man: buy this stock, before everyone else does. Buy these pills, this watch, cheaper than anyone else can. The spammer plays upon the universal human desire to believe that we are smarter than anyone gives us credit for, and
42、that things can be had for nothing. As in other walks of life, people become wiser and take precautions only when they have learned what happens when they dont. That is why the spammers new arena social networks is so effective. People follow Twitter feeds from people they would like to know and mak
43、e “friends“ on Facebook whom they do not know at all. Hijack one such account, and you can exploit a whole network of trusting and trusted contacts. A few fiddles might help, such as tougher default privacy settings on social networks. But the real problem is man, not the machine. Public behaviour s
44、till treats the Internet like a village, in which new faces are welcome and anti-social behaviour a rarity. A better analogy would be a railway station in a big city, where hustlers gather to prey on the credulity of new arrivals. Wise behaviour in such places is to walk fast, avoid eye contact and
45、be brusque with strangers. Try that online. 26 “They vault over technical fixes as fast as the hurdles are erected“(Para. 1) probably means that hackers （ A） are constantly trying to overcome technical problems. （ B） immediately find a way to break into others computers. （ C） get excited to fix tech
46、nical problems they have faced. （ D） tend to install technical barriers in others computers. 27 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） Spammers are able to counteract filters. （ B） The software industry benefits from spammers. （ C） The anti-spam industry lags behind spammers. （ D） Spam
47、mers prefer to send e-mails in Russia. 28 We know from the passage that when we receive e-mails, we should （ A） recognize the counterfeit websites. （ B） watch out for malicious software. （ C） be cautious of clicking the link attached. （ D） take particularly care of social networks. 29 Which of the f
48、ollowing contains a metaphor? （ A） .treats the Internet like a village. （ B） .the classic techniques of a con-man. （ C） .prey on the credulity of new arrivals. （ D） .be brusque with strangers. 30 The author wants to tell us that （ A） watchfulness can best counter spam and criminals sending it. （ B）
49、technology can solve the problem of spam to a certain degree. （ C） Internet users should have confidence in dealing with spam. （ D） spam will in the end disappear from the Internet. 30 It had occurred to her early that in her position that of a young person spending, in framed and wired confinement, the life of a guinea-pig or a magpie she should know a great many persons without their recognising the acquaintance. That made it an emotion the more lively though singularly rare and always
