1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 522及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 . What is a research proposal? 1)intended to convince others that you have a worthwhile【 1】 _ you have th
3、e【 2】 _ and work-plan to complete it 2)usually structured in the same way as【 3】 _ . How to write a research proposal? 1)Title to be concise and【 4】 _ - often in terms of a functional relationship 2)Abstract a brief summary of about 300 words including【 5】 _, the rationale for study, the hypothesis,
4、 the method and main findings 3)Introduction purpose: to provide the background for the research problem frame: to paint your research question in broad brushes and bring out its significance to put the research question in the context of a current hot area, or an older area still viable to provide
5、a brief but appropriate【 6】 _ to provide the contemporary context 4)【 7】 _ many different ways to organize this part use of subheadings to bring order and coherence to this part 5)Methods purpose: to provide your work plan and describe the activities necessary for the completion of your project guid
6、ing principle: sufficient information to justify the soundness of the methodology to demonstrate your knowledge of【 8】 _ and prove that your method is the most appropriate to use qualitative method and justify it to be more elaborate than what is required for traditional quantitative research 6)Resu
7、lts no results at the proposal stage to have some idea of data to be collected and statistical procedures to be used 7)Discussion to convince readers of【 9】 _ of the proposed research to include merits as well as【 10】 _ of your research 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】
8、10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions
9、. Now listen to the interview. 11 What subject is Mr. Pitt good at? （ A） Art. （ B） French. （ C） German. （ D） Chemistry. 12 What does Mr. Pitt NOT do in his spare time? （ A） Doing a bit of acting and photography. （ B） Going to concerts frequently. （ C） Playing traditional jazz and folk music. （ D） Tr
10、aveling in Europe by hitch-hiking. 13 When asked what a managers role is, Mr. Pitt sounds （ A） confident. （ B） hesitant. （ C） resolute. （ D） doubtful. 14 What does Mr. Pitt say he would like to be? （ A） An export salesman working overseas. （ B） An accountant working in the company. （ C） A production
11、 manager in a branch. （ D） A policy maker in the company. 15 Which of the following statements about the management trainee scheme is TRUE? （ A） Trainees are required to sign contracts initially. （ B） Trainees performance is evaluated when necessary. （ C） Trainees starting salary is 870 pounds. （ D）
12、 Trainees cannot quit the management scheme. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to the ne
13、ws, who claimed responsibility for the rocket attack? （ A） A 36-year-old Israeli man. （ B） Palestinian militants. （ C） Israels offensive. （ D） Hamas 17 50 Palestinians or so have been killed in the raids which began _ ago. （ A） 12 weeks （ B） 12 days （ C） 2 weeks （ D） 2 days 17 Why the inductive and
14、mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand years-and why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated, which so vastly exceeds all that was previously k
15、nown that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own times-are questions which have interested the modern philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of gr
16、eater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long period one of arrested development, as in the modern era one of normal growth? Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents-to the influence of
17、conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence? The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deduction chiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the modems employ induction, proves to be too
18、 narrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrast that is evident between ancient and modem scientific doctrines and inquires. For all knowledge is founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis and synthesis, by synthesis and analysis, by induc
19、tion and deduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals to observation under the guidance of deduction-by steps which are indeed correlative parts of one method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or parts of one method, which have been generalized
20、 from the examples of sciences. A failure to employ or to employ adequately anyone of these partial methods, an imperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness in observation, neglect of relevant facts, vagueness and carelessness in the reasoning, and the failure t
21、o draw the consequences of theory and test them by appeal to experiment and observation-these are the faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or the moderns, but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greater virtue, and by what means
22、he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the sudden growth of science in recent times. The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts“ and “theories“ or “facts“ and “ideas“-in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their too exclusive
23、attention to the latter proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge of vagueness. For, in the first place, the antihesis is not complete, facts and theories are not coordinate species. Theories. if true, are facts-a particular class of facts indeed, generally complex ones, but still
24、facts. Facts on the other hand, even in the narrowest signification of the word, if they are at all complex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positive attributes of theories. Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the sour
25、ce of the true method in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in true method. A fact is a proposition of which the verification by an appeal to the primary sources of our knowledge or to experience is direct and simple A theory, on the other hand, if true, has all the charac
26、teristics of a fact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. To convert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the full characteristics of a fact. (628) 18 The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage
27、 is _. （ A） Philosophy of Mathematics （ B） The Recent Growth in Science （ C） The Verification of Facts （ D） Methods of Scientific Inquiry 19 The difference between “facts“ and “theory“ _. （ A） is non-existent （ B） is that the latter needs confirmation （ C） rests on tile simplicity of the former （ D）
28、 is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks 20 According to the passage, we may state that _. （ A） modern scientists and the ancient philosophers used similar techniques （ B） the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning is non-existent （ C） the ancient philoso
29、phers and scientists were primarily interested in “theories“ （ D） it is easy to convert “theory“ into fact 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 21 Los Angeles, as a top tourist spot, ranks
30、_as the place Americans most like to visit. （ A） first （ B） second （ C） third （ D） fourth 22 The writer of Heart of Darkness is also the one of （ A） Time of Machine. （ B） Kim. （ C） Lord Jim. （ D） A Passage to India. 23 Which is NOT written by Philip Sidney? （ A） Arcadia （ B） Astrophel and Stella （ C
31、） The Shepherd Calendar （ D） Defense of Poetry 24 _is the minimal sound segments of language systems that distinguish meaning. （ A） Phonetics （ B） Phone （ C） Phoneme （ D） Allophone 25 A sound pronounced with the vocal cords vibrating is said to be _sound. （ A） voiceless （ B） voiced （ C） consonant （
32、D） resonant 26 The example for dogs barking “bowwow“ explains the theory _ in which words are uttered like the sounds they describe. （ A） anonymous （ B） personification （ C） onomatopoeia （ D） symbolic 27 T.S. Eliot is most famous for_. （ A） The Waste Land （ B） A Vision （ C） The Unknown Citizen （ D）
33、The North Ship 28 The Yellow Pages is a classified commercial _ that lists subscribers according to their trade or business. （ A） registration book （ B） telephone directory （ C） itinerary map （ D） flight route 29 Which is the most important crop in America? （ A） Corn. （ B） Rice. （ C） Barley. （ D） Oa
34、t. 30 Harriet Beccher Stowe, the author of _, had become the most famous literary woman in the world. （ A） The Adventures of Tom Sawyer （ B） The Sea Wolf （ C） Uncle Tom s Gabin （ D） Song of Myself 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING for language, which was discovered to 【 M4】 _ convey the meanings of this world
35、, cannot readily be fitted to the uses of another. That all great art has this strength of suggesting a world 【 M5】 _ beyond is undeniable. In some moods Nature shares with it. There 【 M6】 _ is no sky in June so blue that it does not point forward a bluer sky, 【 M7】 _ no sunset so beautiful that it
36、does not waken the vision of a greater beauty. Is this world merely a bad joke, like a vulgar flare among the cool radiance of the stars, and existence an empty 【 M8】 _ laugh braying across the mysteries? Are these intimations of a something behind and beyond evil humor born of indigestion, or whims
37、ies sent by the devil to mock and madden us? If, in a word, beauty means something, we must not seek to interpret the meaning. If we glimpse the unutterable, it is unwise to try to utter it, or should we seek to invest with significance that which we 【 M9】 _ cannot grasp. Beauty in term of our human
38、 meanings is 【 M10】 _ meaningless. 31 【 M1】 32 【 M2】 33 【 M3】 34 【 M4】 35 【 M5】 36 【 M6】 37 【 M7】 38 【 M8】 39 【 M9】 40 【 M10】 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 41 加拿大的温哥华 1986年刚刚度过百岁的生日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。以港立市，以港兴市，是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。经过百年开发建设，有着天然不冻良港的温哥华，成为举世闻
39、名的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量达 8000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。 温哥华 (Vancouver)的辉煌是温哥华人的智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足 3000万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民，不同的只是时间长短而已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今 180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每 4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而 25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性作用，其中有一半是近 5年才来到温哥华地区
40、的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 42 Before Keynes, economists were gloomy naysayers. “Nothing can be done“, “ Dont interfere,“ “It will never work,“ they intoned with Eeyore like pessimism. But Keynes was an unswerving optimis
41、t. Of course we can lick unemployment! There is no reason to put up with recessions and depressions! The “economic problem is not if we look into the future the permanent problem of the human race,“ he wrote. Keynes was born in Cambridge, England, in 1883. His father John Neville Keynes was a noted
42、Cambridge economist. His mother Florence Ada Keynes became mayor of Cambridge. Young John was a brilliant student but didnt immediately aspire to either academia or public life. He wanted to run a railroad. “It is so easy. and fascinating to master the principles of these things,“ he told a friend,
43、with his usual modesty. But no railroad came along, and Keynes ended up taking the civil service exam. His lowest mark was in economics. “I evidently knew more about Economics than my examiners. “he later explained. Keynes was posted to the India Office, but the Civil Service proved deadly dull, and
44、 he soon left. He lectured at Cambridge, edited an influential journal and socialized with his Bloomsbury friends, surrounded himself with artists and writers and led an altogether dilettantish life until Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated in Saraievo, and Europe was plunged into
45、 World War I. Keynes was called to Britains Treasury to work on overseas finances, where he quickly shone. Even his artistic tastes came in handy. He figured a way to balance the French accounts by having Britains National Gallery buy paintings by Manet, Corot and Delacroix at bargain prices. 三、 PAR
46、T VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 43 Edward R. Murrow has ever talked about TV in this way, “This instrument can teach, it can illuminate, yes, and it can even inspire. But it can do so only to the extent that humans are determined to us
47、e it to those ends. Otherwise, it is nothing but wires and lights in a box. “ Some other people argue that TV is harmful as it shows more and more sex and violence, sacrifices the quality of the programs for the sake of commercial benefit and takes away the biggest part of our free time. What do you
48、 think of the influence of TV on our society? Please write an essay of about 400 words. In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have writt
49、en to a natural conclusion or make a summary. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 522答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE D
