1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 534及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 . Platos idea of goodness and justice A. A good and just society depends on【 1】 of 3 groups of people: wo
3、rkers soldiers leaders B. A good society can happen if workers and soldiers learn【 2】 C. A person can be said to be good, Plato believes, if he brings desires emotions intellect in【 3】 . Aristotles idea of HappinessA. Aristotle is interested in【 4】 Distinction between 1. extrinsic value 2. intrinsic
4、 valueB. Distinction 1. extrinsic value not for themselves 2. intrinsic value【 5】 e. g. 1. Exercise If one emphasis the value of exercise for itself than he recognize【 6】 value of exercises 2. Health If health enables me to do a lot of other things, then health had【 7】 3. teaching Teaching does not
5、have【 8】 for all people. C. Happiness 1. All agree that happiness is【 9】 to be valued for itself and only for itself. 2. What is happiness? His criteria is True human happiness should be the【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and
6、 then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Which of the following methods does NOT advocate speaking? （ A） The direct meth
7、od. （ B） The audiolingual method. （ C） The immersion method. （ D） The traditional method. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to
8、 answer the questions. 12 Haier Group bid for Maytag is_. （ A） $1.75 billion （ B） $18.5 billion （ C） $16.4 billion （ D） $1.3 billion 13 Which statement is not true according to the news? （ A） This is the biggest takeover battle for China. （ B） Chinas bid will probably trigger a costly biding competi
9、tion over the company Unacal. （ C） The US is planning forbidding Chinese company s bids for US company. （ D） Unocal has agreed to be sold to another American oil company. 13 But the implications of not using technology in an increasingly technology-laden world may be even more unsatisfactory. Comput
10、ers and access to the Internet are now common features in most American schools, but they have taken a long and winding road to get there, so quick and widely shared improvements in math and science test scores may be unrealistic. Also, the use of computers in classrooms does not necessarily mean th
11、at science and math curricula have been adjusted to take full advantage of them. And a widely perceived lack of teacher training prevents many teachers from effectively implementing both the technology and new approaches to teaching. “Technology access is important,“ says Roberts. “But technology al
12、one never makes the difference in student performance. Its equally important to have teachers who are comfortable and competent with technology, and who have the right kind of training and support.“ Federal funding for public school technology, which goes directly to the states, is $ 425 million thi
13、s year. About one-third of that amount is earmarked for professional development. In some cases, technology can help move both teachers and students toward their goals. One of Roberts favorite Web sites is Ask Dr. Math, which can help teachers and students struggling with difficult material. Ask Dr.
14、 Math is a question and answer service for K-12 math students and their teachers; it has received a number of Internet awards, including the Best Education Site Award. You can search an archive of questions and answers by level and topic, and students and teachers can e-mail their specific questions
15、 as well. E-mail answers come courtesy of 225 volunteer math “doctors“ from all over the world. But teachers need some formal technology training too. That s the objective of the W. M. Keck Summer Technology Institute, which takes place at the Thacher School, a 110-year-old boarding school in Ojai,
16、California. With a $ 280,000 grant from the Keck Foundation, the school accepts Southern California teachers for intensive training in using computers, the Internet, and a gaggle of high-tech equipment. The one-week summer sessions began in 1997, continued in 1998, and will repeat in 1999. Roughly 6
17、0 percent of the attendees are math and science teachers. 14 Ask Dr. Math could be described as the following EXCEPT _. （ A） a question and answer service （ B） a technology training program （ C） with a database of questions and answers （ D） supported by volunteer math teachers 15 According to the pa
18、ssage, which of the following statements is NOT CORRECT? （ A） American schools have already seen marked improvements in math and science test scores. （ B） American schools have yet to adapt their curricula to make the most of computers and the Internet. （ C） Teachers need to be formally and adequate
19、ly trained to cope with the new technology. （ D） There is still skepticism about the new technology. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 16 The most important prehistoric monument of the
20、Iberians was_. （ A） Maiden Castle in Wiltshire （ B） Stonehenge in Wiltshire （ C） Amesbury in Wiltshire （ D） Leeds Castle in Kent 17 In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the United States decided to offer western European countries economic aid. This policy is called_. （
21、 A） Truman Doctrine （ B） Marshall Plan （ C） containment policy （ D） McCarthyism 18 George Orwell was famous for his_. （ A） Nineteen Eighty-Four （ B） The Power and the Glory （ C） Murphy （ D） Mister Johnson 19 Hazlitt, Lamb and DeQuincy were the leading figures in the development of_. （ A） periodical
22、essays （ B） modern novels （ C） modern poetry （ D） familiar essays 20 The head of State in Britain is_. （ A） the King or Queen （ B） Prime Minister （ C） Parliament （ D） Prince of Wales 21 _ linguistics refers to the study of a language or languages at a single point in time, without reference to earli
23、er or later stages. （ A） Diachronic （ B） Synchronic （ C） Historical （ D） Comparative 22 Which of the following is NOT true of the Hundred Years War? （ A） A war between France and England. （ B） It was conventionally dated 1337 - 1453. （ C） The English kings attempted to dominate France. （ D） All Engl
24、ish conquests had been solidified by 1453. 23 The following languages belong to Indo-European Language Family EXCEPT _. （ A） English （ B） French （ C） Japanese （ D） Russian 24 English people refers to _. （ A） British people （ B） Scottish people （ C） all white people in Britain （ D） people who are des
25、cents of English - speaking Anglo - Saxons. 25 If America had a national poet in the 20th century, it is certainly _. （ A） Frost （ B） Pound （ C） Poe （ D） Whitman 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING these should not be allowed to turn our attention from the sound, established materials that form the basis of cou
26、rses for 【 M10】 _ beginners. 26 【 M1】 27 【 M2】 28 【 M3】 29 【 M4】 30 【 M5】 31 【 M6】 32 【 M7】 33 【 M8】 34 【 M9】 35 【 M10】 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 36 克隆人、千年虫、互联网 我们触目所见的许多东西都在挑战我们的思维和传统。虽然我们应当有勇气来接受和不断地超越人类 的局限，可是并非一切发展都无懈可击。无限制的发展和无限制的挥霍一样的可怕
27、，所以西方科学家生活在隐忧中，对未来的科学又喜又惊，反思科学发展成了他们的日常工作之一。我们或许还可以争辩说，中国人还生活在争取富足的道路上，不必杞人忧天。 也许对于生活在科学门槛前面的中国人来说，科学仍然神秘而美丽，明艳照人。 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 37 What about the future? I am convinced that the future will be even more exciting than the past. As
28、 I told my grandson, I very much envy him and I would like to be his age and have the opportunity to become again a scientist, starting in another field, and to have a chance to push further the frontiers of knowledge. I urge many of you, who read these hues, to do the same. Science is a very exciti
29、ng experience as well as a worthwhile like goal, because only those undertakings that challenge us to develop our minds and energies to attempt the unattainable are worthy of us. If I had been given the chance to live another life as a scientist in the 21 st century. I would study the brain and inve
30、stigate the mechanism of consciousness, reasoning, logic, and memory, and I would try to understand how this marvelous machine, that evolution has developed, is capable of analyzing itself and of understanding the world and reality. This is the ultimate challenge, which I dare you to devote your lif
31、e to, and to solve for the glory and benefit of mankind. The most precious message I want to convey to the Young is that your lives offer you an opportunity to leave a mark in history for the benefit of mankind. No project should be impossible to accomplish ff one is properly determined to succeed a
32、nd not to spare ones energy and resources. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 38 Everybody dreams of attaining success in college, hoping that such success can help them find a good job or make a fortune in the future. However, many
33、 of us find it difficult to make it. How to attain success? What are your suggestions? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your opinion in response to Epsteins view, and in the second part
34、you should support your opinion with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks
35、. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 534答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture
36、. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Aristotles Theory of Happiness Today, we are going to discuss Aristotles ethical theory. Aristotl
37、e was an ancient Greek philosopher. What Aristotles ethical theory all about is to show you how to be happywhat true happiness is. Now, why is he interested in human happiness? Its not just because its something that all people want or aim for. Its more than that. But to get there we need to first m
38、ake a very important distinction. Let me introduce a couple of technical terms: extrinsic value and intrinsic value. To understand Aristotles interest in happiness, you need to understand this distinction. Some things we aim for and value, not for themselves but for what they bring about in addition
39、 to themselves. If I value something as a means to something else, then it has what we will call “extrinsic value. “ Other things we desire and hold to be valuable for themselves alone. If we value something not as a means to something else, but for its own sake, let us say that it has “intrinsic va
40、lue. “ Exercise. There may be some people who value exercise for itself, but I dont. I value exercise because if I exercise, I tend to stay healthier than I if I didnt. So I desire to engage in exercise and I value exercise extrinsically . . . not for its own sake, but as a means to something beyond
41、 it. It brings me good health. Health. Why do I value good health? Well, here it gets a little more complicated for me. Urn, health is important for me because I cant . . . do other things I want to doplay music, teach philosophyif Im ill. So health is important to mehas value to meas a means to a p
42、roductive life. But health is also important to me because I just kind of like to be healthyit feels good. Its pleasant to be healthy, unpleasant not to be. So to some degree I value health both for itself and as a means to something else: productivity. Its got extrinsic and intrinsic value for me.
43、Then there are some things that are just valued for themselves. Im a musician, not a professional musician; I just play a musical instrument for fun. Why do I value playing music? Well, like most amateur musicians, I only play, because, well, I enjoy it. Its something thats an end in itself. Now, so
44、mething else I value is teaching. Why? Well, it brings in a modest income, but I could make more money doing other things. Id do it even if they didnt pay me. I just enjoy teaching. In that sense its an end to itself. But teachings not something that has intrinsic value for all peopleand thats true
45、generally. Most things that are enjoyed in and of themselves vary from person to person. Some people value teaching intrinsically, but others dont. So how does all this relate to human happiness? Well, Aristotle asks: is there something that all human beings value . . . and value only intrinsically,
46、 for its own sake and only for its own sake? If you could find such a thing, that would be the universal final good, or truly the ultimate purpose or goal for all human beings. Aristotle thought the answer was yes. What is it? Happiness. Everyone will agree, he argues, that happiness is the ultimate
47、 end to be valued for itself and really only for itself. For what other purpose is there in being happy? What does it yield? The attainment of happiness becomes the ultimate or highest good for Aristotle. The next question that Aristotle raises is: what is happiness? We all want it; we all desire it
48、; we all seek it. Its the goal we have in life. But what is it? How do we find it? Here he notes, with some frustration, people disagree. But he does give us a couple of criteria, or features, to keep in mind as we look for what true human happiness is. True human happiness should be, as he puts it,
49、 complete. Complete in that its all we require. Well, true human happiness . . . if you had that, what else do you need? Nothing. And, second, true happiness should be something that I can obtain on my own. I shouldnt have to rely on other people for it. Many people value fame and seek fame. Fame for them becomes the goal. But, according to Aristotle, this wont work either, because fame depends altogether too much on other people. I can t
