1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 542及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Many articles and books have been written in recent years about culture in organizations, usually referre
3、d to as “Corporate Culture“. . Maintaining corporate culture 1)Hewlett-Packard corporate culture: 【 1】 _ for others, a sense of community, and plain hard work maintenance of corporate culture: through extensive training of managers and employees 2)Southwest Airlines zealous about hiring: looking for
4、 a particular type of person, regardless of 【 2】_ to spend a lot of time and communicate with employees in a variety of ways and a large part of it is 【 3】 _ . Diversity of corporate culture Five continuums of cultures according to the Hofstede Cultural Orientation Model 1)Individual vs. (4)Orientat
5、ion 2)Power-distance Orientation 3)【 5】 _ Orientation 4)Dominant-Values Orientation 5)【 6】 _ Orientation . Change of corporate culture 1)To reengineer themselves: change to 【 7】 _ orientation common and 【 8】 _ goals organizational commitment role clarity among team members team leadership mutual acc
6、ountability with the team complementary knowledge and skills reinforcement of required behavioral competencies power ( veal and perceived) shared rewards 2)Increasing importance of corporate culture: result of several recent developments employees: to be more responsible and think like 【 9】 _ ; expe
7、cted to always be “on-call“ companies: giving employees more flexible work schedules; filling employees need to belong to【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefull
8、y and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What subject is Mr. Pitt good at? （ A） Art. （ B） French. （ C） German. （ D）
9、 Chemistry. 12 What does Mr. Pitt NOT do in his spare time? （ A） Doing a bit of acting and photography. （ B） Going to concerts frequently. （ C） Playing traditional jazz and folk music. （ D） Traveling in Europe by hitch-hiking. 13 When asked what a managers role is, Mr. Pitt sounds_ （ A） confident. （
10、 B） hesitant. （ C） resolute. （ D） doubtful. 14 What does Mr. Pitt say he would like to be? （ A） An export salesman working overseas. （ B） An accountant working in the company. （ C） A production manager in a branch. （ D） A policy maker in the company. 15 Which of the following statements about the ma
11、nagement trainee scheme is TRUE? （ A） Trainees are required to sign contracts initially. （ B） Trainees performance is evaluated when necessary. （ C） Trainees starting salary is 870 pounds. （ D） Trainees cannot quit the management scheme. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will
12、hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 How many people recognized the man in the pictures within 2 days? （ A） 24 . （ B） 3 （ C） 640 （ D） 48 17 Which one is NOT includ
13、ed in the clue that helped the police identify the man? （ A） His picture. （ B） His apartment number. （ C） His pseudonym. （ D） His vita. 17 The year which preceded my fathers death made great change in my life. I had been living in New Jersey, working defense plants, working and living among southern
14、ers, white and black. I knew about the south, of course, and about how southerners treated Negroes and how they expected them to behave, but it had never entered my mind that anyone would look at me and expect me to behave that way. I learned in New Jersey that to be a Negro meant, precisely, that o
15、ne was never locked at but was simply at the mercy of the reflexes of the color of ones skin caused in other people. I acted in New Jersey as I had always acted, that is as though I thought a great deal of myself - I had to act that way - with results that were, simply, unbelievable. I had scarcely
16、arrived before I had earned the enmity, which was extraordinarily ingenious, of all my superiors and nearly all my co-workers. In the beginning, to make matters worse, I simply did not know what was happening. I did not know what had done, and I shortly began to wonder what anyone could possibly do,
17、 to bring about such unanimous, active, and unbearably vocal hostility. I knew about jim-crow but I had never experienced it. I went to the same self-service restaurant three times and stood with all the Princeton boys before the counter, waiting for a hamburger and coffee; it was always an extraord
18、inarily long time before anything was set before me: I had simply picked something up. Negroes were not served there, I was told, and they had been waiting for me to realize that I was always the only Negro present. Once I was told this, I determined to go there all the time. But now they were ready
19、 for me and, though some dreadful scenes were subsequently enacted in that restaurant, I never ate there again. It was same story all over New Jersey, in bars, bowling alleys, diners, places to live. I was always being forced to leave, silently, or with mutual imprecations. I very shortly became not
20、orious and children giggled behind me when I passed and their elders whispered or shouted - they really believed that I was mad. And it did begin to work on my mind, of course; I began to be afraid to go anywhere and to compensate for this I went places to which I really should not have gone and whe
21、re, God knows, I had no desire to be. My reputation in town naturally enhanced my reputation at work and my working day became one long series of acrobatics designed to keep me out of trouble. I cannot say that these acrobatics night, with but one aim: to eject me. I was fired once, and contrived, w
22、ith the aid of a friend from New York, to get back on the payroll was fired again, and bounced back again. It took a while to fire me for the third time, but the third time took. There ware no loopholes anywhere. There was not even any way of getting back inside the gates. That year in New Jersey li
23、ves in my mind as though it were the year during which, having an unsuspected predilection for it, I first contracted some dread, chronic disease, the unfailing symptom of which is kind of blind fever, a pounding in the skull and fire in the bowels. Once this disease is contracted, one can never be
24、really carefree again, for the fever, without an instants warning, can recur at any moment. It can wreck more important race relations. There is not a Negro alive who does not have this rage in his blood - one has the choice, merely, of living with it consciously or surrendering to it. As for me, th
25、is fever has recurred in me, and does, and will until the day I die. My last night in New Jersey, a white friend from New York took me to the nearest big town, Trenton, to go to the movies and have a few drinks. As it turned out, he also saved me from, at the very least, a violent whipping. Almost e
26、very, detail of that night stands out very dearly in my memory. I even remember the name of the movie we saw because its title impressed me as being so partly ironical. It was a movie about the German occupation of France, starring Maureen O Hara and Charles Laughton and called This Land Is Mine. I
27、remember the name of the diner we walked into when the movie ended. It was the “American Diner“. When we walked in the counterman asked what we wanted and I remember answering with the casual sharpness which had become my habit: “We want a hamburger and a cup of coffee, what do you think we want?“ I
28、 de not know why, after a year of such rebuffs, I so completely failed to anticipate his answer, which was, of course, “We dont serve Negroes here. “ This reply failed to discompose me, at least for the moment. I made some sardonic comment about the name of the diner and we walked out into the stree
29、ts. This was the time of what was called the “brown-out“, when the lights in all American cities were very dim. When we reentered the streets something happened to me which had the force of an optical illusion, or a nightmare. The streets were very crowded and I was facing north. People were moving
30、in every direction but it seemed to me, in that instant, that all of the people I could see, and many more than that, were moving toward me, against me, and that everyone was white. I remember how their faces string connecting my head to my body had been cut. I began to walk. I heard my friend call
31、after me, but I ignored him. Heaven only knows what was going on in his mind, but he had the good sense not to touch me - I dont know what would have happened if he had - and to keep me in sight. 1 don t know what was going on in my mind, either: I certainly had no conscious plan. I wanted to do som
32、ething to crush these white faces, which were crushing mc. I walked for perhaps a block or two until I came to an enormous, glittering, and fashionable restaurant in which I knew not even the intercession of the Virgin would cause me to be served. I pushed through the doors and look the first vacant
33、 seat I saw, at a table or two, and waited. I do not know how long I waited and I rather wonder, until today, what I could possibly have looked like. Whatever I looked towards her. I hated her for her white face, and for her great, astounded, frightened eyes. I felt that if she found a black man so
34、frightening I would make her fright worthwhile. She did not ask me what wanted, but repeated, as though she had learned it somewhere, “We dont serve Negroes here.“ She did not say it with the blunt, derisive hostility to which I had grown so accustomed, but, rather, with a note of apology in her voi
35、ce, and fear. This made me colder and more murderous than ever. I felt I had to do something with my hands. I wanted her to come close enough for me to get her neck between my hands. So I pretended not m have understood her, hoping to draw her closer. And she did step a very short step closer, with
36、her pencil poised incongruously over pad, and repeated the formula: “. dont serve negroes here.“ Somehow, with the repetition of that phrase, which was already ringing in my head like a thousand bells of a nightmare, I realized that she would never come any closer and that I would have to strike fro
37、m a distance. There was nothing on the table but an ordinary water-mug half full of water, and I picked this up and hurled it with all my strength at her. She ducked and it missed her and shattered against the mirror behind the bar. And with that sound, my frozen blood abruptly thawed. I returned fr
38、om wherever I had been, I rose and began running for the door. A round, pot-bellied man grabbed me by the nape of the neck just as I reached the doors and began to heat me about the face. I kicked him and got loose and ran into the streets. My friend whispered, “Run!“ and I ran. My friend stayed out
39、side the restaurant long enough to misdirect my pursuers and the police, who arrived, he told me, at once. I do not know what I said to him when he came to my room that night. I could not have said much, I felt, in the oddest, most awful way, that I had somehow betrayed him, I lived it over and over
40、 and over again, the way one relives an automobile accident after it has happened and one finds oneself alone and safe. I could not get over two facts, both equally difficult for the imagination to grasp, and one was that I could have been murdered. But the other was that I had been ready to commit
41、murder. I saw nothing clearly but I did see this: that my life, my real life, was in danger, and not from anything other people might do but from the hatred I carded in my own heart. 18 The word reputation in “my reputation in town enhanced my reputation at work“ is used in a(n) _ sense. （ A） deroga
42、tory （ B） ironical （ C） appreciative （ D） neutral 19 “That year in New Jersey lives in my mind. “,as the author intended, means _. （ A） that was a year in which awful things happened to me （ B） that was a year that I will never even forget （ C） that was a year that only existed in my mind; but never
43、 happened to exist （ D） that was a year when I lived in New Jersey 20 The reason why the author says in the essay that the title of the movie This Land Is Mine is ironical was that the land is _. （ A） not really that of the native born black Americans （ B） that of the Frenchmen; the land refers to F
44、rance （ C） mine; yet it was occupied by Germans （ D） mine; the land is that of the Americans. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 21 Under the reign of_Wales was conquered. （ A） Edward I
45、（ B） Henry 1 （ C） Edward II （ D） Henry IV 22 The English Civil War is also called_. （ A） the Glorious Revolution （ B） the Bloody Revolution （ C） the Catholic Revolution （ D） the Puritan Revolution 23 _is considered by many critics to be one of the early great works of English literature along with C
46、haucers The Canterbury Tales. （ A） Beowulf （ B） Piers the Plowman （ C） Cadmons Hymn （ D） The Fates of the Apostles 24 The most important issue in Anglo-American diplomacy after the Pearl Harbour Incident was_. （ A） the formation of a union （ B） the formulation of a grand strategy （ C） the opening of
47、 the Second Front （ D） the attitude towards the Soviet Union 25 If the maxims of cooperative principle is violated, _ might occur. （ A） misleading （ B） locutionary act （ C） conversational implicature （ D） slip of tongue 26 Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situatio
48、ns of the speaker. This is what is meant by_. （ A） duality （ B） displacement （ C） productivity （ D） arbitrariness 27 The classification of illocutionary act was made by_. （ A） Noam Chomsky （ B） John Searle （ C） John Austin （ D） Herbert Paul Grice 28 At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries _ appea
49、red in England as a new trend in literature. （ A） Renaissance （ B） Reformation （ C） Romanticism （ D） Sentimentalism 29 The Virgin Islands are located _. （ A） in the Gulf of Mexico （ B） in the Pacific Ocean （ C） in the North Sea （ D） in the Caribbean Sea 30 The British Isles are made up of _ . （ A） Britain and Scotland （ B） Scotland and Ireland （ C） Great Britain and Ireland （ D） Great Britain and Northern Ireland 二、 PA
