1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 829及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 English for Specific Purposes ESP: English for Specific Purposes ESL: English as a Second Language I. Dif
3、ferences between ESP and ESL: A. Purposes of ESP learners to communicate a set of【 B1】 _【 B1】 _ to perform particular job-related functions B. Focus ESL:【 B2】 _structures【 B2】 _ ESP: language in context C. Aim of instruction - ESL: stressing four skills equally - ESP: stressing the【 B3】 _skills【 B3】
4、 _ II. ESP A.【 B4】 _ of subject matter and English language teaching【 B4】 _ B. highly motivating language applying reinforcing what is taught 【 B5】 _ giving learners the context they need【 B5】 _ III. ESP teachers A. from ESL teachers to ESP teachers adapting ESL teaching skills for ESP teaching 【 B6
5、】 _help from content specialists【 B6】 _ B. roles of ESP teachers 1. organizing courses dealing with course materials supporting students providing【 B7】 _【 B7】 _ 2. setting goals and objectives - arranging the【 B8】 _for learning【 B8】 _ - considering learners potential and their concern 3. creating a
6、learning environment structuring effective communication skills listening to students carefully giving replies 【 B9】 _learners confidence【 B9】 _ 4. evaluating students serving as a【 B10】 _about learners progressing【 B10】 _ 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【
7、B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. No
8、w listen to the interview. 11 According to the interview, what can help us to save time in daily life? （ A） Organizing personal belongings. （ B） Preparing convenient closets. （ C） Making simple drawers. （ D） Using advanced equipments. 12 Which of the following statements about bank online is CORRECT
9、? （ A） Most people think it is unsafe. （ B） Some people think it is smart. （ C） Most people think it saves time. （ D） Some people think it is unsafe. 13 All of the following goods are suggested to be bought on shop online EXCEPT （ A） paper products. （ B） cleaning supplies. （ C） grain products. （ D）
10、meats. 14 According to the interview, which of the following methods about saving time is NOT true? （ A） Reserving books on the librarys website. （ B） Printing boarding pass in advance. （ C） Buying railway tickets online. （ D） Stashing scissors in every single room. 15 What is used to quickly find t
11、he phone number in the phone book? （ A） Envelope flaps. （ B） Bright colors. （ C） Old Christmas cards. （ D） Napkins. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you w
12、ill be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The attack on the UN building in Nigeria （ A） was a terrible suicide car bomb attack. （ B） was done by a right-wing Islamist group. （ C） aroused great fears of security experts. （ D） killed 11 people and injured dozens more. 17 Which of the followi
13、ng statements about South Koreas old address system is CORRECT? （ A） It could be very helpful with a map. （ B） It aimed to keep the Korean cultural heritage. （ C） It copied the western style of address system. （ D） It marked the address by their dates of appearance. 18 The old address system will be
14、 totally abandoned （ A） after the TV commercial has been shown on all TV stations. （ B） when all the streets in the cities are clearly named. （ C） in two years time after the new one has been employed. （ D） until Japan also agrees to change its system. 19 The fighting between army groups and rebels
15、in Congo （ A） made the cities in the country become very fragile. （ B） caused many people to flee away from home. （ C） mainly took place in the hilly regions. （ D） was due to army troops offensive acts. 20 The political situation in Congo caused （ A） gender-based violence to go up greatly in the cou
16、ntry. （ B） the nation to become the rape capital in the world. （ C） many unreported criminal cases nationwide. （ D） more violent conflicts in the area of North Kivu. 20 Judging by the wildly cheering audience at the orgy of consumerism that was Oprah Winfreys “Ultimate Favourite Things“ show, Americ
17、an women have lost none of their enthusiasm for the finest stuff money can buy.(The handful of men in the audience seemed to share the feeling.)The show, screened in two parts just before Thanksgiving, the traditional start of the holiday shopping season, ended with each audience member going home w
18、ith products ranging from a set of Oprah branded Le Creuset pots to an iPad, Some Sparkling Ugg boots and a new car. Retailers must hope that the public will be as enthusiastic about such products when they have to pay for them as the audience was when getting them free. They are certainly competing
19、 harder than ever to lure shoppers into their stores. Many are opening before sunrise on Black Friday, as the day after Thanksgiving is known(supposedly because it is the point in the financial year when retailers edge into the black). Wal-Mart was due to open most of its stores at the stroke of mid
20、night. Sears decided to open on Thanksgiving Day itself for the first time, though still holding back its best bargains for Black Friday. In the hope that this will be a merrier festive season than last year, retailers have been hiring lots of temporary staff: in October those in areas other than th
21、e car trade added around 20,000 posts. David Resler of Nomura, a stockbroker, says Octobers hiring figures are usually a good predictor of how sales in the holiday season will turn out. In recent months sales have been picking up. Consumer spending rose in each of the five months to October, with ev
22、en discretionary items like sports goods showing improved sales. However, sales of durable goods(washing machines and so forth)were unexpectedly weak in October, a sign of residual caution among households. Retailers are making more use of social-networking sites such as Facebook to promote deals an
23、d build communities of like-minded shoppers. Sears, for example, has been getting customers to share their shopping tales through a “Be the Santa you want to be“ competition. This has been the breakthrough year for Groupon, which uses social networking to let consumers earn discounts by recruiting t
24、heir friends(the more people who sign up for an offer, the bigger the discount). But the internet is not always a retailers best friend. A plethora of new shopping-information websites, such as leakedblackfridaydeals. com, is forcing prices down and making it harder for store chains to differentiate
25、 their offerings. Wal-Mart, the biggest retailer, is adding to the pressures on its rivals by offering to match any Black Friday deal they offer. Shares in Sears are still trading well below where they were last November. Overall, retailers shares have been unusually volatile in the past year or so
26、as consumer confidence has fluctuated, refusing to form any sort of trend. How this holiday season turns out will certainly move the marketas well as determine whether shareholders approve the $3 billion sale announced on November 23rd of J. Crew, a clothing chain, to a group of private-equity firms
27、. The vote will take place on January 15th: until then, J. Crew will continue to seek other buyers. Private-equity firms have become keen on retailers with strong brands because the recession has forced weaker ones out of business, leaving more space for the survivors. Productivity in retailing has
28、also improved, in part through the better use of technology. So there is the prospect of strong profit growth as and when the recovery gets into full swing. Stores that cater to well-off women have perhaps the best prospects this season. Such shoppers are “ready to declare the recession over“, says
29、Michael Silverstein, the author of “Women Want More“, a book charting their growing spending-power. “They have worn through their unused inventory of apparel, fashion accessories and jewellery and are actively expanding their purchases,“ he says, predicting that retailers who serve them could enjoy
30、a sales boost of as much as 10% compared with last years holiday season. Things may be very different for the bottom 40% of households, still committed to recession inspired prudence. Mr. Silverstein says that in many such families the woman has hung on to her job but is now the sole breadwinner. Su
31、ch households “are going to hunt for bargains, recognise the holiday, but continue their frugal ways,“ he predicts. Retailers will be hoping that Oprah and all her glitzy goodies will tempt them to change their minds. But for a large proportion of Americans, window-shopping may be the nearest they g
32、et to such desirable items. 21 According to the passage, “Ultimate Favourite Things“ show （ A） is a program for women. （ B） reflects economical crisis. （ C） sends out gifts to audience. （ D） is to celebrate Thanksgiving. 22 What do we learn from the second and the third paragraphs? （ A） Retailers ar
33、e hiring about 20,000 staff in all this October. （ B） Sears offers the greatest deals on Thanksgiving only. （ C） Thanksgiving is a crucial chance to make money. （ D） Retailers open longer to meet customers needs. 23 Internet isnt always a retailers best friend mainly because （ A） stores have to matc
34、h online shops low prices. （ B） Internets better bargains lead stores to harder time. （ C） Wal-Mart offers the same deal with online shops. （ D） Internet helps attract customers in various ways. 24 Michael Silverstein implies the following facts EXCEPT that （ A） rich women will buy more despite of e
35、conomic recession. （ B） retailers will suffer from the same poor sales as last year. （ C） a woman in difficulty will still celebrate holidays by buying. （ D） most Americans prefer to look rather than actually buy. 25 What is the main idea of this passage? （ A） Economic recession and American economy
36、. （ B） Retailers tricks to encourage purchasing. （ C） Luxurious products favored by rich women. （ D） Holiday: retailors busy, not all shoppers happy. 25 Bianca Sforza attracted few stares when introduced to the art world on January 30, 1998. She was just a pretty face in a frame to the crowd at a Ch
37、risties auction in New York City. Nobody knew her name at the time, or the name of the artist who had made the portrait. The catalog listed the worka colored chalk-and-ink drawing on vellumas early 19th century and German, with borrowed Renaissance styling. A New York dealer, Kate Ganz, purchased th
38、e picture for $21,850. The price hadnt budged almost ten years later when a Canadian collector, Peter Silverman, saw Biancas profile in Ganzs gallery and promptly bought it. The drawing might actually date from the Renaissance, he thought. Ganz herself had mentioned Leonardo da Vinci, that magical n
39、ame, as an influence on the artist. Silverman came to wonder, What if this is the work of the great Leonardo himself? That someone could walk into a gallery and buy a drawing that turns out to be a previously unknown Leonardo masterpiece, worth perhaps $100 million, seems pure urban myth. Discovery
40、of a Leonardo is truly rare. At the time of Silvermans purchase, it had been more than 75 years since the last authentication of one of the masters paintings. There was no record that the creator of the “Mona Lisa“ ever made a major work on vellum, no known copies, no preparatory drawings. If this i
41、mage was an authentic Leonardo, where had it been hiding for 500 years? Silverman emailed a digital image of Bianca to Martin Kemp. Emeritus professor of art history at Oxford University and a renowned Leonardo scholar, Kemp regularly receives images, sometimes two a week, from people he calls “Leon
42、ardo loonies,“ convinced they have discovered a New York. “My reflex is to say, No!“ Kemp told me. But the “uncanny vitality“ in the young womans face made him want a closer look. He flew to Zurich, where Silverman kept the drawing in a vault. “When I saw it,“ Kemp said, “I experienced a kind of fri
43、sson, a feeling that this is not normal.“ That initial shiver of excitement compelled Kemp to embark on his own investigation. He was aided by high-resolution multispectral scans by Pascal Cotte of Lumiere Technology in Paris, allowing Kemp to study the drawings layers, from first strokes to later r
44、estorations. The more Kemp looked with his connoisseurs eye, the more he saw what he considered evidence of Leonardos handhow the hair bunched beneath the strings holding it in place, the beautiful modulation of colors, the precise lines. The expression conveyed Leonardos maxim that a portrait shoul
45、d reveal “motion of the mind.“ Kemp also needed proof that the portrait had been made during Leonardos lifetime(1452 - 1519)and that its historical particulars fit the artists biography. The vellum, probably calfskin, had been carbon-dated, its origin placed somewhere between 1440 and 1650. Costume
46、research revealed that the sitter belonged specifically to the Milanese court of the 1490s, with its fashion for elaborately bound hair. Leonardo lived in Milan during this time, accepting commissions for court portraits. Kemps detective work led him to a name, Bianca Sforza. An illegitimate daughte
47、r of the Duke of Milan, she was married in 1496 to Galeazzo Sanseverino, commander of the Milanese troops and a patron of Leonardos. Bianca was 13 or 14 at the time of the portrait. Tragically, she died a few months later, likely from an ectopic pregnancy. Kemp named the drawing “La Bella Principess
48、a,“ the beautiful princess. In 2010 Kemp and Cotte published their findings in a book. Several prominent Leonardo scholars agreed, others were skeptical. Carmen Bambach was quoted as saying that the portrait simply “does not look like a Leonardo.“ Doubt seemed to collect around the portraits sudden,
49、 almost miraculous appearance. Where had it come from? Kemp didnt know. Then, almost like divine intervention, a message came from D. R. Edward Wright, e-meritus professor of art history at the University of South Florida. Having followed the very public dispute, Wright suggested to Kemp, whom he had never met, that his answer might lie in the National Library of Poland in Warsaw, inside a book called the Sforziad. Funded by a Nationa
