1、专业英语八级英语语言学知识(语用学)模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 1 Which of the following statement concerning context is NOT correct? ( A) It was first noted by the British linguist Jo
2、hn Firth. ( B) It is generally considered as constituted by the knowledge shared by the speaker and the hearer. ( C) It determines the speakers use of language and also the hearers interpretation of what is said to him. ( D) It is essential to the syntactic study of language. 2 Which of the followin
3、g is NOT correct? ( A) The meaning of a sentence is abstract and decontextualized. ( B) The meaning of an utterance is concrete and context-dependent. ( C) The meaning of a sentence is based on utterance meaning. ( D) Utterance meaning is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a re
4、al situation of communication or simply in a context. 3 Speech Act theory was originated with_. ( A) Saussure ( B) Bloomfield ( C) Austin ( D) Firth 4 According to Austin, a speaker might be performing three acts simultaneously when speaking except_. ( A) locutionary act ( B) illocutionary act ( C)
5、perlocutionary act ( D) imperlocutionary act 5 “You have left the window wide open.“ Which of the following is the illocutionary act performed by the speaker? ( A) The speaker intends to ask someone to close the window or make a complaint. ( B) The hearer closes the window. ( C) The speaker intends
6、to express what the words literally mean. ( D) None of the above. 6 How many categories do speech acts fall into according to John Searle? ( A) Three. ( B) Four ( C) Five ( D) Six 7 Which of the following is the typical case of commissives? ( A) Believing. ( B) Ordering. ( C) Promising. ( D) Congrat
7、ulating. 8 Which of the following is the specific instance of directives? ( A) Swearing. ( B) Suggesting. ( C) Undertaking. ( D) Apologizing. 9 How many maxims are under Grices CP? ( A) Two. ( B) Three. ( C) Four. ( D) Five. 10 A: What do you think of James? B: A fine day, isnt it? In the dialogue,
8、Bs answer flouts which of the four maxims of CP? ( A) The maxim of quality. ( B) The maxim of quantity. ( C) The maxim of manner. ( D) The maxim of relation. 11 A: Shall we get something for the kids? B: Yes. But I veto I-C-E-C-R-E-A-M.In the dialogue, Bs answer flouts which of the four maxims of CP
9、? ( A) The maxim of quality. ( B) The maxim of quantity. ( C) The maxim of manner. ( D) The maxim of relation. 12 What essentially distinguishes Semantics and Pragmatics is the notion of_. ( A) reference ( B) meaning ( C) antonymy ( D) context 专业英语八级英语语言学知识(语用学)模拟试卷 1答案与解析 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLE
10、DGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 语境这个概念由英国语言学家 John Firth最先提出,一般认为它是由言者和听者的共享知识构成,它决定着言者对语言的运用和听者对他所听到话语的理解,它对语言的语用研究 (而非句法研究 )来说是必不可少的。 【知识模块】 语用学 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 句子的意思是抽象的、非语境化的,而话语的意义却是具体
11、的、依赖于语境的。话语的意义是基于句子意义之上的;它是一个句子的抽象意义在一个真实的交际场合或仅在一个语境中的体现。 【知识模块】 语用学 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 言语行为理论是 20世纪 50年代后期英国哲学家 John Austin首先提出的。瑞士语言学家 Ferdinand de Saussure是现代语言学之父,著有 Course in General Linguistics;行为主义者 Bloomfield借助行为主义心理学定义了语言形式的意义。英国语言学家 John Firth提出了语境这个概念。 【知识模块】 语用学 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 英国哲学家 J
12、ohn Austin的言语行为理论将言语行为分为言内、言外和言后三种行为。 【知识模块】 语用学 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 言内行为指说话这一行为的本身,使用音位、词汇、句法来表达字面意义的行为;言外行为指表达说话者交流目的或意图的行为;而言后行为指通过某些话实施的行为,或讲某些话所导致的行为,实际上是话语所产生的后果或者所引起的变化。本题选 A。 【知识模块】 语用学 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 Searle区分的五类分别是: representatives(阐述类 ), directives(指令类 ), commissives(承诺类 ), expressives(表达
13、类 ), declarations(宣告类 )。 【知识模块】 语用学 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 承诺类是那些言者对未来行为过程做出承诺的言外行为,即在说话的时候,言者将自己置于某种义务中;允诺 (promising),保证 (undertaking),发誓 (vowing)都是最典型的例子。 【知识模块】 语用学 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 指令类是言者让听者做某事的企图。邀请 inviting,建议suggesting,要求 requesting,忠告 advising,警告 warning,威胁 threatening,命令 ordering都是其例。 【知识模块】 语
14、用学 9 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 美国哲学家 Grice提出会话的合作原则具体体现为:数量准则、质量准则、关联准则、方式准则。 【知识模块】 语用学 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据关联准则,说话要贴切。本题对话中 B选项的回答显然是答非所问,违反了上述的关联准则。 【知识 模块】 语用学 11 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据方式准则,说话要避免晦涩、歧义的词语,说话简要,要有条理。本题对话中双方都知道 B选项对 icecream一词没有发音困难,故违反了方式准则。 【知识模块】 语用学 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 区分语义学和语用学的重要标志是语境,即上下文。 【知识模块】 语用学