1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 24及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lectu
2、re. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Some Theories of History I. The problems of understanding history History with written records: the re
3、cords may be【 B1】 _ and inaccurate.【 B1】 _ History before writing: we can only make a partial reconstruction. II. Some theories have been proposed to give coherence to human history Theory 1 Man continually【 B2】 _ in terms of his potentials and【 B2】 _ his abilities to actualize these potentials. Mod
4、ern man is superior to his ancestors 【 B3】 _, physically and morally.【 B3】 _ A branch of the theory: man rose to a【 B4】 _ before.【 B4】 _ Theory 2 Mans history is a【 B5】 _ of stages of development, whose pattern is【 B5】_ the rise and fall of civilization. Whether modern man is superior to his ancesto
5、rs depends on what【 B6】 _ of civilization he is in.【 B6】 _ Theory 3 In this theory, the first two theories【 B7】 _ with each other.【 B7】 _ It is known as the【 B8】 _ of history.【 B8】 _ Theory 4 This theory views human history from the【 B9】 _【 B9】 _ of socioeconomic groups. Human history can be interpr
6、eted as the【 B10】 _ of class snuggle.【 B10】_ 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on
7、 an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Which of the following descriptions about Amber Stevens is INCORRECT? （ A） Amber once sang back-up for Gladys Knight. （ B） Amber worked for ABC Fami
8、lys new series before her acting career. （ C） Amber was once a singer and then became an actress. （ D） Amber is regarded as an energetic and adorable girl. 12 What causes Amber to pursue her acting career? （ A） Desire plus talents. （ B） Desire plus family background. （ C） Fame plus desire. （ D） Musi
9、c plus talents. 13 According to the interview, Greek （ A） is a show aiming to introduce the fictional school Cyprus-Rhodes. （ B） is a show about life in college and relationships. （ C） is a show focusing on the Greek system and its influence. （ D） is a show aiming to reflect Ambers life in college.
10、14 How did Amber prepare for the role of Ashleigh? （ A） She took part in some sororities to get ideas. （ B） She related her own college life to the role. （ C） She combined Ashleigh with some people she met. （ D） She tried to get help from her friends in sororities. 15 Which of the following topics i
11、s NOT discussed during the interview? （ A） Reasons for getting into acting career. （ B） Introduction of Ambers role on Greek. （ C） Mention of Ambers future work. （ D） The prospective future of show business and advice. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONC
12、E ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The chartered ship couldnt leave on schedule because （ A） it broke down halfway. （ B） the fighting had been escalated. （ C） someone was killed in
13、 the violence. （ D） the weather was not good. 17 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the news item? （ A） Evacuation. （ B） Oil price. （ C） Nuclear weapons. （ D） International response. 18 The 700-billion-dollar package is aimed to （ A） root out troubled companies. （ B） save the financial syste
14、m. （ C） sell assets to the Treasury. （ D） buy the shareholdings. 19 What does the news item say about the number of Indian students in Australia? （ A） It has dropped rapidly in the last few years. （ B） It might slightly decline this year. （ C） It led to a trend of studying abroad among Indian studen
15、ts. （ D） It raised racial discrimination among Australian students. 20 According to the Australian officials, the country （ A） will punish the racists severely. （ B） admits that the attacks aim at Indians. （ C） is a safe place for foreign students. （ D） may offer scholarship to Indian students. 专业英语
16、八级（听力）模拟试卷 24答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. W
17、hen the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Some Theories of History Good morning, everyone. In todays lecture, we are going to talk about some
18、theories of history. How much of mans history do we know? We really know very little. Written records exist for only a fraction of what we suppose to have been mans time as a unique species. Furthermore, the accuracy of these records is often suspected, and the scope and selection of significant det
19、ail in them often needs improvement. It is worse when we try to reconstruct mans history before the development of writing, and this is unfortunate because the history of the early development of human society is lost to us. The most that we can do is to use traces, deduction, speculation and the kn
20、owledge we have of the habits of those animals which have some elementary social order to help us make a partial reconstruction. This is hardly a satisfactory substitute for precise information. With our knowledge of human history, which is only fragmentary at best, it is therefore nearly impossible
21、 to reconstruct the beginning, and to deduce the end, of the story of man. Thus, there have developed many schools of thought on the subject, each of which attempts to give coherence to the human past by fitting it into the framework of a theory of history. The first theory I want to introduce is as
22、sumed that man continually progress. He has evolved from a lower to a higher form of being, and he continues to evolve. This evolution takes place both in terms of his potentials and his abilities to actualize these potentials. If one holds this theory, one feels that modern man must be more intelli
23、gent and civilized today than his ancestors, as well as physically and morally superior to them. One further assumes that this progress will continue into an ever more glorious future. Here deduction often ends and dreams of Utopia begin, for it seems that most of us find it hard to think of the hum
24、an race developing into a race of angels. All in all, as a theory of history, the above view has had many eminent supporters. It might be well to mention here a variation on this theory that used to be popular, namely the idea that man rose from a low condition to a Golden Age at some time in the re
25、mote past, and that things have gone straight downhill ever since. Many eminent men have found a sort of gloomy comfort in this idea, but science has now opened up possibilities for the future which makes this theory less defendable. Perhaps for this reason the theory has little modern support. A se
26、cond theory of history is held by those men who see mans history as something quite different from a simple progression from a lower to a higher state. They see it as a cycle of stages of development which are predictable in their broad outlines and main features. As surely as a civilization rises a
27、nd comes into being, so also must it decline and fall. The chief pattern one sees in history is the rise and fall of civilization. To holders of this theory, modern man is not looked upon as the most superior social being yet produced. He is simply the typical product of the current stage in the cyc
28、le of our civilization. In fact he may actually be inferior to members of past civilizations. It all depends upon what stage of civilization we happen to be living in. Indeed, it has been said that the average modern literate city dweller is comparatively more ignorant of his eras fund of knowledge
29、than other literate city dwellers of the past While the staggering fund of knowledge in our technologically advanced world is undoubtedly greater than that of any past civilization, it is probably true that the average modern man, relying on such repetitive forms of entertainment as television and w
30、orking in a narrowly specialized job, knows a great deal less sheer information about his world than did earlier people. In a third theory of history, the two above theories are to some degree reconciled. According to this theory, which is often termed the spiral view of history, human societies do
31、repeat a cycle of stages, but overall progress observable in the long historical perspective. Civilizations do rise and fall, as the advocates of the second theory maintain, but the new civilization which replaces the first, usually by conquest, contains superior qualities which enable it to rise to
32、 a higher stage of development until it, too, declines and is replaced by yet a third civilization. The above theories interpret history in term as if the overall progress of mankind in general without respect to differentiations within the social order. It is also possible to view human history in
33、terms of the interaction of socioeconomic groups. Human history, according to this theory, is most clearly interpreted as the disappearance of class struggle. Most people who hold this theory assume an eventual resolution of the struggle through the disappearance of class differences, although it wo
34、uld be just as correct to assume that the struggle could continue unresolved. Those who assume that the struggle can eventually be resolved hold that history has a goal and that progress can be measured in terms of how quickly mankind is reaching that goal. OK. This brings us to the end of todays le
35、cture. I hope now you can have a better understanding of what history is. Thank you for your attention. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 incomplete fractional 【试题解析】 讲座的主题是 “some theories of history(一些历史理论 )”。原文一开头说，书写的记录仅仅是人类历史的一部分。也就是说，书写的记录是不完整的。空格后的 inaccurate提示此空应填形容词，故用 incomplete“不完整的 ”或fractional“部分的 ”。 【
36、知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 progress 【试题解析】 讲座第一个要介绍的理论是假设人类是不断进步的。根据题目给出的 continually。可知此处填入 progress“进步 ”。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 mentally 【试题解析】 讲座随后说，在这个理论下，人们觉得现代人肯定比他们的祖先更加有才智、更文明，而且在身体和道德上也优于祖先。题目已经给出了 physically和 morally，需要用一个词来表示 “有才智、文明 ”，可填入 mentally“智力上 ”。这道题没有现成答案，需要考生根据笔记进行归纳。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 Gol
37、den Age 【试题解析】 讲座提到这样一个 idea：在远古的某个时期，人类从一个较低级的状态提升到一个黄金时代。此处填入原文出现的 Golden Age。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 cycle 【试题解析】 讲座说到第二个理论：有人认为人类历史是阶段式的循环发展过程(a cycle of stages of development)，大致轮廓和主要特征都是可预测的。此处填入原文出现的 cycle。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案 】 stage period 【试题解析】 在第二种理论下，现代人是优于祖先还是不如祖先，取决于这个人是生活在文明的哪个阶段 (all depe
38、nds upon what stage of civilization we happen to be living in)。此处应填入原文出现的 stage，也可填入表示相同意思的词period。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 reconcile 【试题解析】 讲座提及的第三种理论是前面两种理论某种程度上的融合(reconcile)。此 处应填入原文出现的 reconcile“融合 ”。要注意，原文用的是被动语态，而题目用的是主动语态。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 spiral view 【试题解析】 根据第三种理论，这种理论经常被称为历史螺旋观 (the spiral v
39、iew of history)。人类社会确实在重复阶段式的循环，但长远来看，总的来说是进步的。此处填入原文原词 spiral view。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 interaction 【试题解析】 讲座最后提到，还可以从社 会经济群体互相作用 (the interaction of socioeconomic groups)的角度来看待历史。此处填入原文出现的 interaction。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 disappearance 【试题解析】 根据这一理论，随着阶级斗争的消失 (the disappearance of class struggle)，历
40、史就得到了最清晰的解释。此处填入原文出现的 disappearance。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answe
41、r each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 【听力原文】 M: Whether they are attending college or working their first jobs, by the age of twenty, most young adults are barely starting their lives. In the case of Amber Stevens, her exciting life began several years ago when she
42、had the unique opportunity to sing back-up for Gladys Knight and even sang on stage at an American Idol special. When Amber decided to pursue an acting career, she quickly nabbed the role of a lifetime on ABC Familys new series Greek. I had the pleasure of speaking with the very vigorous and incredi
43、bly sweet Amber Stevens about life before Greek, her experience on American Idol and what viewers can expect from this brand new ABC Family series, I understand you were a singer before you got into acting. What made you decide to pursue acting? W: I always wanted to act, I thought it was something
44、I could do, something I was capable of doing. Singing was more of a priority when I was younger. I started playing piano when I was really young. My dad was in radio, so he knew a lot about music and had a lot of friends who were in music, I was just surrounded by it. As I got older, I realized that
45、 I had multiple talents, so I decided to just go for it and pursue acting. M: You sang in the on-stage chorus for American Idol, tell us about your experience. W: It was a special performance that aired on Fox. It was a Christmas special show. I believe it was the second or third season of American
46、Idol. It had all of the cast from that season Ruben Studdard, Clay Aiken and all the kids from that season. We sang Christmas songs and I was invited to sing in the on-stage chorus. It was very cool. M: How did the role of Ashleigh on Greek come to you? W: Just like everyone else, it was a regular a
47、udition. I had to go through the whole thing just like everyone else where you go through your first audition, then youre invited back and you meet with the producers and then you meet with the director and finally, the network. I guess they liked me! M: Could you give us a general description of Gr
48、eek? W: Greek is a show based on fraternity and sorority life in college. It takes place at a fictional school called Cyprus-Rhodes and focuses on a girl called Zeta Beta Zeta and two boys, Omega Chi and Kappa Tau. Its all about the parties, all the relationships that you have, and what its like bei
49、ng a part of the Greek system. Its an ensemble cast of eight of us five boys and three girls and our relationships with each other. Anyone can relate to the show because it follows all the different aspects and things you can get involved with in college. M: Do you think its an accurate depiction? W: Oh yeah. Its something weve tried really hard to do; we dont want to upset anyone in the Greek system. We want to show how great it is, and t
