1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 321及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Cultural Differences between East and West I. Factors leading to the cultural differences A. Different culture 【 T1】 _ 【 T1】 _
3、 Eastern culture: a)China: Yellow River b)India: 【 T2】 _ 【 T2】 _ European culture: a)Base: Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome b)European culture crossed over the 【 T3】 _ 【 T3】 _ B. Different language systems Eastern: mostly belonging to pictographic language Western: mostly based on 【 T4】 _ 【 T4】 _ C.
4、Other factors: different 【 T5】 _ 【 T5】 _ infrequent 【 T6】 _between the East and West 【 T6】 _ a)far distance and the steep area b)no 【 T7】 _ from each other 【 T7】 _ II. Different behavior in peoples daily life A. 【 T8】 _ 【 T8】 _ the Chinese greeting: a)questions about whether you have your meal or no
5、t b)questions about where you are going c)two gentlemen greet with 【 T9】 _ 【 T9】 _ the Western greeting: a)with a smile or with a “Hi“ b)shaking hands only in formal situations B. Expressing gratitude the Eastern way: a)rarely say “Thank you“, otherwise, youre 【 T10】 _ 【 T10】 _ b)an exception: 【 T11
6、】 _ 【 T11】 _ the Western way: a)thank you is the most 【 T12】 _ phrases 【 T12】 _ III. How to handle culture gap A. No 【 T13】 _ any of the cultures 【 T13】 _ every nation has its own 【 T14】 _ 【 T14】 _ we should pay equal respect for each culture B. Learning how to coordinate different cultures by avoid
7、ing 【 T15】 _ 【 T15】_ C. Starting to communicate by taking in strong points from the foreign cultures 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. Th
8、e interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C
9、and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） Because he needs help for a survey on smokers habits. （ B） Because he wants to give the woman a helping hand. （ C） Because he cant find his way to a cigarette shop. （ D） Beca
10、use he wants to distribute leaflets to the woman. （ A） Time of smoking. （ B） Quantity of cigarettes. （ C） Frequency of smoking. （ D） Types of cigarettes. （ A） Self-composed. （ B） Silent. （ C） Intense. （ D） Ambitious. （ A） 23. （ B） 32. （ C） 17. （ D） 22 （ A） Because she was saving up. （ B） Because she
11、 was pregnant. （ C） Because her husband advised her to do so. （ D） Because she fell ill because of smoking. （ A） It was because the first time wasnt a success. （ B） This second time was for her unborn baby. （ C） She wanted to set a good example for her husband. （ D） She was forced to do so by financ
12、ial troubles. （ A） Sitting watching TV. （ B） Reading a book. （ C） Staying alone. （ D） Gathering with friends. （ A） Watching TV. （ B） Gathering with friends. （ C） Doing chores. （ D） Reading a book. （ A） Buying some books. （ B） Preparing for lunch. （ C） Meeting with friends. （ D） Going to her company.
13、 （ A） It makes her excitable. （ B） It keeps her awake. （ C） She cant say for sure. （ D） She becomes sad. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 321答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap
14、-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Cultural Differ
15、ences between East and West Good morning, everyone. Today Id like to share with you one interesting topic, that is: cultural differences between East and West. But before we start, we have to look at an important question: What leads to the cultural differences? The cultures of the East and the West
16、 really distinguish each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole. The origin of the Eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestated by rivers. In China, the mother river is the Yellow River while the
17、 Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were developed for several thousand years and formed their own styles. Then in the Tang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture gradually went overseas to Japan, mixed into the Japanese society and shaped the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit di
18、fferent from the Chinese one, it belongs to the same system. When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and A
19、ncient Rome. And these two are well-known as the base of European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European one also crossed waters. When the colonists of England settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesnt distinguish from the
20、European one a lot. At the same time, the difference of the language systems adds to the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system, for example, the one Im using to write this paper. Other fa
21、ctors like human race difference count as well. But whats more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference from the other. Now, Id like to
22、 discuss with you another question, that is: how differently do people behave in daily life? The differences are everywhere. They affect peoples ways of thinking and their views of the world. Even in everyday life, the cultural differences show up from the moment the eyes are opened to the minute th
23、e dreams are invited. In the following, Ill give some typical examples of the differences. First example: greeting. Greeting is the first step to form a culture, because people begin to communicate with others. The individuals become a community. How do we Chinese greet each other? Informally, if we
24、 meet a friend in the street, we are used to saying: “Hi, have you had your meal?“ or “Where are you going?“ When it is the case of two gentlemen, they tend to shake hands. However, in western countries, the above questions are just questions, not greetings at all. They may think youre inviting them
25、 to dinner if you ask about their meals. Usually, theyll just give each other a smile or greet with a “Hi.“ Theyll shake hands only in some formal situations. By the way, Westerners can leave a party or meeting hall without a formal conge, nor should they shake hands with every attendee like most of
26、 us will do here. Second example: expressing gratitude. Think of the situations below. Your mother is busy in the kitchen. She suddenly asks you to fetch a bowl for her. You do so. Whatll your mothers response be? Probably shell just continue doing the cooking. After a while, the dinner is ready. Yo
27、ur mother hands you your bowl of rice. Whats your response? Probably just begin to eat. Thats what I want to say. In Chinese families, we rarely say “Thank you“ to other family members for receiving help or service. Neither will we say so between good friends. Its such an unpopular response that if
28、you say it, the counterpart will think you are treating him as a stranger, otherwise you are lacking intimacy. But in the West, “thank you“ is one of the most frequently used sentences. Teachers will thank a student for answering the question: husbands will thank his wife for making a coffee. Howeve
29、r, as an interesting phenomenon, its a custom to say “thank you“ in Japan. No matter in family or among friends, Japanese chronically use it all day. This is probably the aberrance of the culture. After the above discussions, now there is another question, that is: what can we do to treat the cultur
30、e gap? Now we have seen that there exists such a huge gap between eastern culture and western one. Then what should we do to face this gap in the gradually globalizing world? Firstly, we cannot deny any of the cultures. Every nation has its own characteristics and its mainly through its culture that
31、 we first begin to know the nation and its characteristics. So we cannot say that this culture or custom is right and that is wrong. Equal respect should be attached to every culture in the world, even to those that are not in existence any more. Next, we should get to learn how to coordinate the di
32、fferent cultures. We say the world is becoming smaller and smaller. More foreigners come and go everyday. When it is in the same country, the same city, the same neighborhood, the cultural collision is expected to be more serious. So we should try to avoid this happening. One important thing is to g
33、et some basic knowledge about the other cultures so as not to misunderstand some actions or habits of the foreigners. When the above two are done, we can start to communicate. I mean we can take in some strong points from the foreign cultures. Though there doesnt exist correctness in terms of cultur
34、e, it does have the terms of more advanced or more suitable for the world nowadays. Of course, we cannot throw away our own culture and accept another one totally. Every culture is a treasure to the history of the Earth, so we should only pick out those we lack to perfect our own. To conclude what w
35、e have discussed today: first we have provided you with the underlying reasons of cultural differences, after that, we have presented you with several specific examples to further prove this. Finally we have explained the differences from several perspectives. Last but not least, we should remember
36、that different cultures add the most colorful element to the world of the 21st century. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle to the civilization of human beings. It ought to be the motivation of going farther. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 origins sources 【试题解析】 录音开篇就指出讲 座的主题是东西方文化差异。原文说，东方文化主要起源于两个国家：中
37、国和印度。因此答案为 origins，或其近义词 sources。根据题目可知，此处是解释导致文化差异的原因。录音中没有现成答案，此时需要经过推测得出。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 Hindu River 【试题解析】 录音提到，东方文化主要起源于两个国家 (中国和印度 )，而这两个国家的文化均由河流孕育，其中中国的母亲河是 Yellow River，而印度的母亲河是Hindu River，故填 Hindu River。 【 知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 Atlantic Ocean 【试题解析】 在提到欧洲文明的源头时，原文说欧洲文明是跨越大西洋传播出去的。因此答案为 Atl
38、antic Ocean。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 the Latin system 【试题解析】 关于语言系统的区别，录音中提到东方大多数语言属于象形文字语言，而西方语言大多以拉丁语系为根基，因此填入 the Latin system。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 human race 【 试题解析】 讲座紧接着提到了造成东西方文化差异的其他原因，第一点就是“人种 ”，因此要填入 human race。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 communication 【试题解析】 关于造成东西方文化差异的其他原因中的第二点，录音中提到两种文化间鲜有交流 (the tw
39、o cultures seldom communicate)。因此空格处填入相应的名词 communication。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 interference interposition intervention 【试题解析】 本题从内容上说与上一题属于并列结构，讲的都是造成东西方文化差异的 other factors，本题讲的是第二点： seldom communication“交流贫乏 ”。录音提到， (它们的 )发展完全自成体系，几乎不相互影响。因此答案为interference，或其同义词 interposition或 intervention。 【知识模块】 听
40、力 8 【正确答案】 Greeting 【试题解析】 紧接着讲座讲到了第二大点：东西方文化差异的具体表现，并分 别举出两个具体例子进行论证。其中第一个例子讲的是东西方不同的问候方式，因此答案应为 Greeting。若此处笔记没有记录，根据空白处下面的 A大点中两个小标题 the Chinese greeting以及 the Western greeting可推测出，空白处需要填入Greeting。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 hands-shaking 【试题解析】 本题属于 greeting下的内容，说的是 two gentlemen的问候方式是握手。可知应填入 hands-sha
41、king。如果没有笔记 ，可从下句 western greeting“西方问候方式 ”中第二点 shake hands only in formal situations推测出答案为 hands-shaking。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 lacking intimacy 【试题解析】 讲座紧接着说到东西方文化差异的第二点表现，即 expressing gratitude“致谢方式的不同 ”，其中在说到东方致谢方式时，录音中提到极少使用thank you，否则会让人觉得 you are lacking intimacy“你太见外了 ”。因此应填入lacking intimacy。
42、 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 the Japanese culture 【试题解析】 讲座在介绍东方文化中极少使用 thank you后，话锋一转指出西方文化中 “谢谢 ”是最常用的句子之一，并进一步提到在日本表达感谢是一种习俗，亦即东方文化中的日本在致谢方面属于一个例外，故填入 the Japanese culture。若此处笔记没有记录，也可由常识推知。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 frequently used 【试题解析】 本题讲的是西方致谢方式，录音提到，在西方 thank you是最常见的表达。因此应填入 frequently used。若此处笔记没有记录，
43、根据与 Western way相对应的 Eastern way中所说 rarelysay“thank you”可知，西方致谢方式与之相反，或由常识即可推知。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 denying 【试题解析】 讲座在讲述如何面对文化差异时提到了 3个策略，第一点即为我们不能否定 (deny)任何一种文化。由空白处之 前的 no可知，此处应为动名词，结合题目可知答案为 denying。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 characteristics 【试题解析】 讲座中提到面对文化差异时第一个策略为我们不能否定任何一种文化随后补充道每种文化均有其特点，填入 charac
44、teristics。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 cultural collision 【试题解析】 在讲到如何面对文化差异的第二点时，讲座提到文化冲突可能会很严重，仅凭这一句似乎还不能确定答案，再结合之后的 So we should try to avoid this happening，可知这里的 this指的正是 cultural collision，因此需要避免的也正是 cultural collision，故答案为 cultural collision。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear
45、 ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four cho
46、ices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. 16 【听力原文】 M: Excuse me, madam. W: Yes? M: I wonder whether youd help us. Were doing a survey on smokers habits. Would you mind.? W: Well. Im in a bit of a hurry
47、actually. M: Itll only take a few minutes. Wed very much appreciate your help. W: Well all right. I can spare that I suppose. M: Thank you. You are a smoker. W: Yes Im afraid I am. My husband is too. As you can see. Ive just bought the weeks ration. M: Would you describe yourself as being a heavy sm
48、oker? W: Heavyno. I wouldnt call three packets of twenty a week heavy smoking. Thats not even ten a day. No. a light smoker. My husband. hes different. M: Yes? W: I get in twice as many a week for him. He smokes twenty or more a day. M: You wouldnt describe him as a chain-smoker.? W: No. hes not as
49、bad as that. M: Right. Thank you Mrs.? W: Trump. Doris Trump. M: . Mrs. Trump, you and your husband smoke cigarettes I see. What about cigars or a pipe? Does your husband smoke a pipe? W: Oh hes never smoked a pipe. Hes the restless, nervy type. I always associate pipe-smoking with people of another kind. the calm contented type. As for cigars I s
