1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 320及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Study Activities in University In order to help college and university students in the process of learning, four key study act
3、ivities have been designed and used to encourage them to make knowledge their own. 1. essay writing: central focus of university work esp. in the humanities, e.g. 【 T1】 _ 【 T1】 _ Benefits: 1)helping to 【 T2】 _ interesting content in books 【 T2】 _ and to express understanding 2)enabling teachers to k
4、now progress and to offer 【 T3】 _ 【 T3】 _ 3)【 T4】 _ students with exam forms 【 T4】 _ 2. seminars and classroom discussion: another form to internalize knowledge in specialized contexts Benefits: 1)【 T5】 _ enables you to know the effectiveness of 【 T5】 _ and others response to your speech immediately
5、 2)Within the same period of time, more topics can be dealt with than in 【 T6】 _ 【 T6】 _ 3)The use of a broader range of knowledge is encouraged 3. individual tutorials: a substitute for group discussion Format: from teacher 【 T7】 _ to flexible conversation 【 T7】 _ Benefit: encouraging acceptance of
6、 【 T8】 _ and producing interaction 【 T8】_ 4. lectures: a most 【 T9】 _ used study activity 【 T9】 _ Disadvantages: 1)less 【 T10】 _ than discussions or tutorials 【 T10】 _ 2)more demanding in 【 T11】 _ 【 T11】 _ Advantages: 1)providing a general 【 T12】 _ of a subject 【 T12】 _ under discussion 2)offering m
7、ore easily 【 T13】 _ versions of a theory 【 T13】 _ 3)updating students on 【 T14】 _ developments 【 T14】 _ 4)allowing students to follow different 【 T15】 _ 【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTIO
8、N B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. Dur
9、ing the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） He never feels road rage when he is out driving. （ B） He sometimes is aggressive when he is out driving. （ C） He
10、manages to stay in the car when he feels road rage. （ D） He always tries to keep away from minor accidents. （ A） 68%. （ B） 23%. （ C） 40%. （ D） 50%. （ A） Around 13,333-20,000. （ B） Around 13,333-26,666. （ C） Around 20,000-26,666. （ D） Around 26,666-40,000. （ A） Drivers lose their cool and change lane
11、s carelessly. （ B） Drivers lock their vehicle and refuse to leave the highways. （ C） Drivers get angry at other motorists and move into physical confrontation. （ D） Drivers aggressively pursue other cars with their own and smash into them. （ A） It involved a father of two. （ B） The father was shot.
12、（ C） The father changed lanes carelessly. （ D） The father refused to get out of the car. （ A） People becoming more aggressive and ruder. （ B） The decline of peoples moral quality. （ C） The lack of patience with others. （ D） A lot of socio-economic reasons. （ A） Reducing vehicle numbers on highways.
13、（ B） Forbidding honking the horn loudly. （ C） Improving drivers behaviors. （ D） Restricting space on the roads. （ A） Heavy pollution for the environment. （ B） Much larger demand for highways. （ C） Greater competition for physical space. （ D） Rise in stress levels among passengers. （ A） They are aggr
14、essive. （ B） They are understandable. （ C） They are intolerable. （ D） They are pathetic. （ A） Road rage. （ B） Road accidents. （ C） Modern motorists. （ D） Growth of highways. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 320答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ON
15、CE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THI
16、RTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Study Activities in University Good morning. Today, well look at some study activities used in university. As we know, students in colleges or universities are expected to master some academic materials that are fairly difficult to understand. Ho
17、wever, some of them find it hard to learn some complex, abstract or unfamiliar subject matter. As a result, a central problem in higher education is how to internalize academic knowledge that is, how to make knowledge our own. In order to do so, we must convert knowledge from being “other peoples kn
18、owledge“ to being part of our own ways of thinking. Then, how are we going to do it? And what are the means available to help us in the process of learning? There are four key study activities currently used in higher education to encourage students to internalize knowledge. They are the ones we are
19、 familiar with: writing essays, going to classes and seminars, having individual tutorials, and listening to lectures. These four activities are long-established features of our higher education, and they are almost as important now as they were a hundred years ago. Now lets look at the features of
20、them one by one. First, essay writing. The central focus of university work, esp. in the humanities, for example in literature, history or politics, is on students producing regular essays or papers which summarize and express their personal understanding of a topic. Then, what is good about essay w
21、riting? Firstly, writing essays forces you to select what you find interesting in books and journals, and to express your understanding in a coherent form. Individual written work also provides teachers with the best available guide to how you are progressing in a subject, and allows them to give ad
22、vice on how to develop your strengths or counteract your weaknesses. Lastly, of course, individual written work is still the basis of almost all assessment in higher education. Written assignments familiarize you with the form that your exams or coursework papers will take. The second key activity i
23、n colleges and universities is seminars and class discussions. Their role is to help you to internalize academic knowledge by providing specialized contexts, so that you can talk about such difficult problems as the trade-off between inflation and unemployment in economic policy, or the use of metap
24、hors in Shakespeares plays. Talking is a more interactive activity than written work. In a conversation you know immediately how effectively you are expressing a viewpoint, and can modify what you are saying in response to peoples reactions. In addition, a normal programme of between ten and twenty-
25、five classes will cover far more topics in one subject than you can hope to manage in your written work. Participating in flexible conversations across this range of issues also allows you to practise using the broader knowledge gained from other key activities such as lectures. Now, lets take a loo
26、k at another activity: individual tutorials. Discussions between a teacher and one or two students are used in many colleges as a substitute for, or a supplement to, group discussions in classes, like those mentioned before. Tutorials can range from direct explanations by the teacher in a subject, t
27、o flexible conversational sessions which at their best are very effective in stimulating students mastery of a body of knowledge. The one-to-one quality of the personal interaction is very important in stimulating acceptance of ideas and producing fruitful interaction. In order to make individual tu
28、torials really work, students should make good preparation beforehand, and during the tutorial, they should also ask questions to keep the ball rolling rather, than, let teachers “talk in a Vacuum“. The last activity is lectures. As we all know, lectures play a large part in most students timetables
29、 and occupy a considerable proportion of teachers efforts. However, the major difficulty with lectures is that they are not interactive like discussions or tutorials. The lecturer normally talks for the whole time with minimal feed-back from questions. Besides, making notes in lectures while concent
30、rating on the argument being developed is often difficult to some students, esp. when the argument is very complicated. However, having said that, lectures are clearly valuable in several specific ways. They can provide a useful overview an area map, as it were, to familiarize you with the main land
31、scape features to be encountered during a course. Lecturers typically give much more accessible descriptions of theoretical perspectives in their oral presentations than can be found in the academic literature. Whenever there is a rapid pace of progress in theory or practice, lectures play an indisp
32、ensable part in letting students know the development immediately, usually several years before the new material is included in textbooks. Lastly, lectures are often very useful in allowing you to see directly how exponents of different views build up their arguments. The cues provided by seeing som
33、eone talking in person may seem “irrelevant“, but these cues are important aids to understanding the subject better later. So far, weve discussed four study activities and their respective features and roles in higher education. Of course, study activities are not limited to just these four types: t
34、here are other activities that are equally important, such as general reading, project learning, etc. Well cover them during our next lecture. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 literature history politics 【试题解析】 在谈到论文写作时，原文指 出 “ 大学教学工作，特别是在人文学科例如文学、历史或政治学科方面，重点在于 ” ，这里的三个例子填入一个即可。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 select choose
35、【试题解析】 本空考查论文写作的第一个益处。原文的表述是首先可以迫使选择自己感兴趣的书本和期刊内容，因此可以填入 select或其近义词 choose等。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 advice suggestion 【试题解析】 原文指出，论文写作可让教师了解学生的进步，并在怎样发扬优点、克服缺点方面给学生提出建议，故此处应该填入 advice suggestion。与 offer搭配的名词，如 help，此处也说得通。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 familiarizing 【试题解析】 本空考查论文写作的最后一个益处。原文提到，论文写作可以使学生熟悉考试或者作业的模
36、式。参照与该空并列的其余两项益处的形式 (均为动名词形式 )，故 familiarize也应用其动名词形式，填入 familiarizing。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 Interaction 【试题解析】 原文在谈到课堂讨论的优点时提到：课堂讨论比写作训练更具有交互性 (interactive)。故此处应该填入 Interaction。有的考生可能会填 Talking，Discussion，但比较起来， Interaction更为恰当。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 essays assignments writing 【试题解析】 原文提到在同样的时间里，课堂讨论比写作
37、覆盖更多的话题。此空把对话与写作进行比较，故此处可填入 essays或 assignments。 than后接比较对象，此处若未听写出来，可根据前文判断，这里是把课堂讨论与写作对比，填入writing也可。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 explanation 【试题解析】 原文在提到个别指导这项活动时指出：个别指导可包括从教师的直接解释 (explanation)到灵活的会议讨论等形式，因此，这里应填入 explanation。fromto 结构中，两个宾语成分应有一定关联。这里与 conversation“对话 ”相对的，很可能就是 “独白 ”，但又属于 “个别辅导 ”，课上老师的
38、 “独白 ”， 用explanation最合适。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 ideas 【试题解析】 谈及个别指导的益处时，录音提到，在促进观念接受和产生有效互动中 (in stimulating acceptance of ideas and producing fruitful interaction )，一对一的人际互动尤其重要，填入 ideas。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 frequently commonly widely 【试题解析】 在谈到最后一项活动 lecture“授课 ”时，原文指出，授课占据了学生大量时间，同时也占据了教师相当大的精力。因此 lec
39、ture是学习中使用最frequently或 commonly的方式。此处用 widely也可。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 interactive 【试题解析】 原文提到，演讲这种授课方式的主要困难在于不能像 discussion和tutorial一样有互动性。故此空应填 interactive。必须听到原文中的 interactive才能准确答题。作者讨论 n种不同授课方式时，都提到了 “互动 性 ”。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 making notes note-taking 【试题解析】 关于演讲这种授课方式，录音列举了两个缺点，此处为第二处。原文提到，集中于
40、听取论证过程的同时还要做笔记，对于一些学生来说比较困难，也即是说对于做笔记要求较高。可填入录音原词 making notes或同义表达 note-taking。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 overview outline summary idea 【试题解析】 lecture的第 一个优点就是能对讨论的话题予以概述 (overview)，因此此空填 overview。此题根据空前的形容词 general可知空白处应填入名词性实词。如没有笔记，从后面提到的 main landscape可推断出应填 overview。更泛一点，可填入 idea。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案
41、】 accessible understood 【试题解析】 原文提到， lecture的第二个优点是对理论观点的阐述比学术文献更加易于理解，因此可填入录音原词 accessible或其近义词 understood。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 latest recent current 【试题解析】 lecture的另一个优点是让学生了解在理论或实践方面的最新进展。这里可填入 current或者 latest或者 recent。原文中 immediately和试题中的updating为考生提供了填词的关键信息。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 viewpoints the
42、ories opinions argument 【试题解析】 lecture的最后一个 优点是让学生了解不问观点的支持者如何确立自己的论点。因此，这里可填入 viewpoints。要点提示词 lastly后的信息是常考之处，笔记中不可忽视。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked abou
43、t what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to prev
44、iew the questions. 16 【听力原文】 W: Welcome to Motoring Week. My name is Beth Williams. Today, we will be speaking about the phenomenon that has, at some time or other, affected us all road rage. You know the deal, some reckless, thoughtless motorist cuts in front of you on the highway or pulls out with
45、out looking and all of a sudden, the red mist descends and we seem to lose control of our thoughts and actions. Neil Adamson from the North West Motoring Association is here to speak to us today about road rage in general but in particular about a survey his organization has just carried out. Neil,
46、welcome to the show. M: Hi Beth. W: First off, I have to ask you. Do you ever feel road rage when you are out driving? M: Ha-ha, no, I dont. Thankfully, I manage to keep control of myself while behind the wheel although our surveys findings show that many of the motorists we encounter on the roads a
47、re only one minor accident away from losing their cool. W: Right, tell us something about your findings, Neil. M: We asked the question, “Have you ever felt like getting out of your car and confronting a driver you considered to be at fault for an accident or traffic incident?“ We were astonished to
48、 find that some 68% answered in the affirmative and some 23% actually had left their vehicle for some incident or another. W: Wow, those figures are high. Theres clearly a lot of risk involved in acting like that, wouldnt you say? M: Lets put it this way. Every year, some 40,000 motorists die on Ame
49、rican roads. We have estimated that somewhere between one half and two thirds of those deaths occur in accidents which have some element of aggressive driving involved. Its been calculated that as many as one third of these aggressive driving related accidents involve a motor vehicle being used deliberately as a weapon. W: So the definition of
