1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 73及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lectu
2、re. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The Difference between Spoken and Written English I. Definition of speech and writing two different【 B
3、1】 _methods of communication【 B1】 _ speech: the oral medium of transmission of language writing: marking a surface with words II. Necessity of knowing the difference acquire language skills【 B2】 _and completely【 B2】 _ learner aspires to grip and command III. Differences between spoken and written En
4、glish physical difference 【 B3】 _substance: medium used in speech【 B3】 _ graphic substance: hand creating marks on a surface difference in the use of grammar and vocabulary degree of formality: spoken English is less formal -no【 B4】 _【 B4】 _ no role of spelling 【 B5】 _the rules of grammar【 B5】 _ spe
5、akers make efforts to learn correct pronunciation features of speech:【 B6】 _, active and not last long【 B6】 _ no time lag between production and reception no time for planning contain loudness, tempo, rhythm, intonations and pauses aided by【 B7】 _and gestures【 B7】 _ difficulty in learning: written E
6、nglish is easier do not come with an accent take better advantage of【 B8】 _than of accent【 B8】 _ reasonably simple to master IV. Tips for language learner pay heed to both forms【 B9】 _【 B9】 _ respect the language 【 B10】 _all the important aspects【 B10】 _ 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B
7、6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of
8、the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Researches found all of the following functions about working out EXCEPT_. （ A） boosting your brainpower （ B） fighting against Alzheimer （ C） fighting against breast cancer （ D） helping with severe cognitive repairment 12 Interconnections
9、 of the nerve cells in the brain are primarily beneficial for our_. （ A） executive function （ B） memorizing function （ C） problem solving function （ D） name recognition function 13 Which of the following people are NOT mentioned as to the brain power boosting? （ A） People in their childhood. （ B） Pe
10、ople in their 20s. （ C） People in their 30s. （ D） People in their 40s and 50s. 14 The studies made by Nurses Health Study and California Teacher Study are most different in_. （ A） time range of the study （ B） the number of women followed （ C） the result of the study （ D） decrease rate of disease 15
11、For the diagnosis of breast cancer, the thing put to top priority is_. （ A） having exercise at once （ B） going to see the doctor （ C） having a good working team （ D） going for your family SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and th
12、en answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The percentage of purchases on credit cards this year drops by_since 2007. （ A） 31% （ B） 42% （ C） 45% （ D） 56% 17 The reasons why purchases on credit cards drop include all of
13、the following EXCEPT that_. （ A） many people prefer paying by cash （ B） the recession makes people spend less （ C） people prefer debit cards than credit cards （ D） it is more difficult for young people to get credit cards 18 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） News International apologized
14、for the phone hacking scandal. （ B） Several people were jailed because of the phone hacking scandal. （ C） The compensation for the phone hacking scandal cost ten million dollars. （ D） News Internationals phone hacking scandal involved many celebrities. 19 Which of the following is CORRECT according
15、to the news item? （ A） The compensation payments may be about tens of thousands. （ B） Former Culture Minister Tessa Jowell is one of the victims. （ C） Senior editors of the newspaper will take the responsibility. （ D） An editor at News of the World was put into jail in 2007. 20 Which of the followin
16、g statements is CORRECT? （ A） The investment is not profitable for Whiting. （ B） The investment is not environmentally friendly. （ C） BP is increasing more crude oil from American tar sands. （ D） BP began to run the Whiting plant in 1889. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 73答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In
17、this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to
18、 check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 The Difference between Spoken and Written English Good morning everyone, todays lecture is about the difference between spoken and written English.(1)Speech
19、and writing are two independent methods of communication. Speech is “the oral medium of transmission of language,i. e. the spoken language“. Writing involves marking a surface with words that convey ones thoughts and ideas and as Crystal remarks “written English has provided the standard that societ
20、y values, and its relative permanence and worldwide circulation have given it a very special place with the life of the community. “ Every language learner aspires to have good grip and command over both spoken and written language.(2)Failure in expressing either of them will render him ineffective
21、and incomplete when it comes to acquiring language skills in true sense of word. Both forms of language, therefore, are very important. They differ from each other to a great extent. Following are some of the major differences in both spoken and written language. (3)One difference that exists betwee
22、n speech and writing is the distinction between the phonic and the graphic substances. The former is the medium used in speech, where the vocal organs produce air-pressure movements. The latter is used in writing, which consists of the hand creating marks on a surface. However, this physical differe
23、nce is not the only factor that distinguishes the two mediums. There are also difference such as the use of grammar and vocabulary which also differ according to whether the person is speaking or writing to convey information. On top of the above, spoken English is very informal while written Englis
24、h is formal.(4)No punctuation is needed in spoken English because we are aided by facial expressions, gestures, body language to express our meaning effectively and properly. On the other hand, written English is ineffective and handicapped without proper use of punctuation. Many speakers are bold a
25、nd confident at the time of speaking. But most of them find themselves lacking in confidence and reluctant to write because they know that once they write, their words are recorded and they cannot defend themselves. Their mistakes are exposed in writing. In spoken English, there is no role of spelli
26、ng. But spelling does play a very important role in writing. Many good speakers are found being a horrible speller of the word. Their spelling lowers their image and impression among their colleagues and their readers.(5)Speakers often ignore some of the basic rules of grammar, for they are only int
27、erested in conveying their messages. They do not stick to the rules of grammar. On the other hand, writing is never accurate and impressive unless it is grammatically correct and error-free. Therefore, all the great and successful writers give grammar its due importance in their writings. Spelling i
28、s what creates problems for many writers, and in the same way pronunciation is a problem for many speakers. Many speakers find it difficult to pronounce the words correctly. They have to make efforts to learn correct pronunciation while writers have no such worries. (6)Speech is time-based, active a
29、nd does not last long. There is no time lag between production and reception and given the spontaneity and speed with which speech is produced there is no time for planning. We usually think while talking and this results in looser construction, repetition, rephrasing and comment clauses such as “Ja
30、ck is ugly, I think“. Nevertheless, speech also contains loudness, tempo, rhythm, and other intonations and pauses that cannot be easily transmuted to the written form.(7)Facial expressions and gestures often aid meaning as well as deictic expressions which refer directly to the situation. These fea
31、tures can all be contained in speech but are not written down with much effectiveness. Hearing and understanding spoken English can be more difficult than understanding written English for another very simple reason: written English usually does not come with an accent. Accent is different to dialec
32、t, although they often go together.(8)English in the written form can take better advantage of dialect than of accent. Where an accent will be the sound a speaker makes when using a specific set of words relating to the locality they were raised, but the words remain the same, a dialect is a pattern
33、 of language use that may substitute new words or meanings to existing words. Actually, written English is reasonably simple to master, especially if you are only going to use it in the written form. Spoken English is much harder to learn, and use effectively. (9)With so much difference between thes
34、e two forms of English, it is prime duty of every one aspiring to become a good language learner to pay heed to both forms equally to have good command over English. If one is able to do so, he is sure to win admiration and appreciation from his readers and listeners to the great extent. To conclude
35、, a good language learner always respects the language he intends to learn.(10)Therefore, he takes keen interest in acquiring this language, not leaving any important aspect untouched and uncovered. Such a learner is always successful. Ok, today, we have discussed the differences between spoken Engl
36、ish and written English. To sum up, spoken English and written English differ in the aspect of medium as well as whether it is informal or formal, time-based or not, simple or hard to learn and so on. Next time, well continue to talk about it further. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 independent 【试题解析】 本题考查重 要细节。
37、根据句 (1)可知，口语和写作是两种独立的交流方式，故答案为 independent。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 effectively 【试题解析】 本题设题点在时间状语从句处。根据句 (2)可知，如果没有良好的口语及书面表达能力，从实质上讲，学习者就不能有效、完整地掌握语言技能，故答案为 effectively。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 phonic 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (3)可知，口语和书面语的一个区别是声音介质和符号介质的差 别，故答案为 phonic。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 punctuation 【试题解析】 本题考查重
38、要细节。根据句 (4)可知，口语中无需标点符号，故答案为 punctuation。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 ignore 【试题解析】 本题设题点在结果处。根据句 (5)可知，由于演讲者只对传递信息感兴趣，所以他们常常忽略语法的基本规则。此空需要填入一个动词，故答案为ignore。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 time-based 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (6)可知，口语以时间为基础，鲜活且持续时间短。此处需填一个形容词，故答案为 time-based。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 facial expressions 【试题解析】 本题设题点
39、在并列关系处。根据句 (7)可知，面部表情和手势常常有助于了解表达的含义以及直接与情形有关的指示词语，故答案为 facial expressions。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 dialect 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (8)可知，书面形式的英语能更好地运用方言而不是口音，故答案为 dialect。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 equally 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (9)可知，鉴于英语口语与书面语之间的诸多差异，为了学好英语，给予口语和书面语同等的重视是每个渴望学好语言的人的首要职责。此处需填入一个副词，故答案为 equally。 【知识模
40、块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 cover touch 【试题解析】 本题设题点在结果处。根据句 (10)可知，因此，他对掌握这门语言会非常感兴趣，不会忽略任何重要的方面。此空需填入动词，故答案概括起来为cover或 touch。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on
41、an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 【听力原文】 Interviewer(M)Miriam Nelson(W) M: This morning on Todays Health, we are going to pump you up. You know, working out is obviously good for your
42、 body, but this weeks Newsweek Magazine reports(1 - 1)there is new evidence it can boost your brainpower and fight disease as well. Miriam Nelson is an associate professor at the Friedman School of Nutrition at Tufts University. Miriam, nice to see you, how are you doing? W: Very well. Thanks for ha
43、ving me. M: So, we are talking about rigorous, aerobic exercise, clearly good for your body. Explain to me in laymans terms if you can now, about this new research that says it can also help your brain grow new nerve cells. W: Thats right.(1 - 2)What weve known for years is that individuals who are
44、physically active have reduced risk of getting Alzheimers disease. Weve also known that people with mild cognitive impairment also have improved function with exercise. Theres some very new research just coming out, which is very exciting. And what is seen is its taken 11 individuals, and put them o
45、n a about 3 or 4 months course of aerobic exercise 4 days a week, an hour. And what theyve seen through MRI Scan is people are actually growing new nerve cells. M: And more new nerve cells mean what to me is someone in my age group. W: Yeah, my age group, too. M: OK, our age group too, right. W: Wha
46、t we are seeing is that the new nerve cells are growing. Theyre increasing a web and theyre weaved and connecting. Its all the interconnections of the nerve cells.(2)When you get those connections, your brain functions better, primarily this is in the executive functioning part of the brain. We are
47、looking at multi-tasking, memory, problem solving, name recognition lot of things that start to decline as we get older. M: I am sure a lot of people watching this right now, Miriam Nelson. Can I make up for lost time? I dont have a history of exercising throughout my life. Now in 45, 50 years old,
48、if I start exercising now, do I make a difference? W: Well, certainly.(3)The data we show right now is exercising in your 40s and 50s. Hopefully we want to start a little bit earlier, but in your 30s, 40s and 50s, it will make a difference for reducing the risk of getting Alzheimer as you get older.
49、 And theres even newer research with children that is also very exciting. M: Let me switch gears now and.turn into the subject of the connection between rigorous exercise and preventing breast cancer. A study showed that there was a drop between 26 and 40 percent even if you take the lower end of that spectrum. That is significant. W: Its a very large decrease. So,(4)one of
