1、专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 160及答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptabl
2、e. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 American Literature I. The beginning of the American literature Colonists came to the New World to find religious【 T1】 and【 T1】 _ prosperity. No spirit of【 T2】 , but bringing the literary wealt
3、h of English【 T2】 _ legends, ballads, poems and the richness of the English language. The history of American literature is short. A mirror reflecting the social life and the【 T3】 of the【 T3】 _ development of the American society. II.【 T4】【 T4】 _ American Renaissance: the period of 1850 - 1855 Trans
4、cendentalism: Ralph Waldo Emersons masterpiece【 T5】 .【 T5】 _ American【 T6】【 T6】 _ Realism: a reaction against “ the lie“ of Romanticism and Sentimentalism. American Naturalism: a somber and dark picture: the general tone is【 T7】 .【 T7】 _ Imagism: a reaction to the traditional English poetic principl
5、e in the 1920s. III. The characteristics of the American【 T8】 literature【 T8】 _ The【 T9】 is broad.【 T9】 _ The meaning is deeper and more complex. Modern writing is technically sophisticated. The language is simpler. There is more【 T10】【 T10】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】
6、8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 10 Culture There are many things about our lives that make up a culture. I. Language Language is what people and animals use to【 T1】 their【 T1】 _ thoughts, ideas and feelings. Just like animals, people use different languages. Each culture has its own words and symbols. Peo
7、ple within cultures that use more than one language are said to be either【 T2】 or multilingual.【 T2】 _ Languages have different【 T3】 , which are variations of【 T3】 _ languages. 【 T4】 is most commonly used by deaf people.【 T4】 _ II. Folklore Folklore is a body of stories that show a cultures beliefs,
8、 traditions and【 T5】【 T5】 _ The characters in folktales are often【 T6】 people.【 T6】 _ Folklore now finds its way into poetry, song lyrics and【 T7】【 T7】 _ III. Holiday A holiday is a day made special by a cultures customs or laws. Holidays help a culture remember and【 T8】 its history.【 T8】 _ People m
9、ay attend parades, sing songs, go for a【 T9】 or give【 T9】 _ gifts to each other on certain holidays. The best-known【 T10】 holiday is Christmas.【 T10】 _ 11 【 T1】 12 【 T2】 13 【 T3】 14 【 T4】 15 【 T5】 16 【 T6】 17 【 T7】 18 【 T8】 19 【 T9】 20 【 T10】 专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 160答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section yo
10、u will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have T
11、HIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 American Literature Hello, everybody. Welcome to attend my lecture about the American literature. Today Id like to introduce to you briefly the American literature. American literature began with the first English colonies in Virginia and New E
12、ngland.(1)Colonists came to the New World to find religious freedom and prosperity.(2)They came, however, in no spirit of revolution. They came as Englishmen, bringing with them the literary wealth of English legends, ballads and poems and the richness of the English language. There is space here to
13、 discuss only the most important and the best. Even a short summary, however, shows something of the splendid accomplishment of American literature since it emerged from its crude colonial beginnings more than 300 years ago. The history of American literature is short, roughly about 200 years. Until
14、 the War of Independence and the founding of the US, American literature showed its own characteristics as a mirror reflecting the society. American literature was formed and developed at the time of the War of Independence. It showed great importance on the stage of world literature:(3)it is the pr
15、oduct of the development of the American society, reflecting the social life of America. In addition to the beginning of the American literature,(4)we should understand some of the most important terms in different periods. The middle of the 19th century saw the beginning of a truly independent Amer
16、ican literature. Thus this period, especially the years 1850 - 1855 , has been called the American Renaissance.(5)In 1836, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a tremendous impact on the intellectual life of America with his little book entitled Nature. That is Transcendentalism which is the summit of American
17、Romanticism.(6)As a literary movement Realism came in the latter half of the 19th century as a reaction against “the lie“ of Romanticism and Sentimentalism. It expressed the concern for the world of experience, of the commonplace, and for the familiar and the low. With American Naturalism, writers w
18、rote about the helplessness of man, his insignificance in a cold world, and his lack of dignity in face of the crushing forces of environment and heredity.(7)The whole picture is somber and dark and the general tone is despair. In the 1920s, Imagism appeared as a reaction to the traditional English
19、poetic principle. (8)American literature of the 20th century is different from earlier literature in significant ways. It is possible to list several of its characteristics which are implied in the term modern: 1.(9)The scope of modern literature is broad. Writers are able to treat ugliness and viol
20、ence freely. 2. The meaning of modern literature is deeper and more complex than in earlier writing because life has become more complex. 3. Modern writing is technically sophisticated. 4. If technique is complicated, the language of modern writing is simpler than that of earlier times. 5.(10)Modern
21、 literature exhibits more variety than that of earlier periods. To sum up, in todays lecture we have mentioned briefly the history of American literature, the characteristics and important terms in different development periods. Next lecture well deal with detailed explanations of each period. 【知识模块
22、】 讲座 1 【正确答案】 freedom 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。文中讲到 Colonists came to the New World to find religiousfreedom and prosperity即殖民者来到新大陆是为了寻求宗教上的自由和物质上的财富。因此填入 freedom。 【知识模块】 讲座 2 【正确答案】 revolution 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。文中提到 They came， however， in no spirit of revolution他们当时并没有任何革命或改革的想法。因此填入 revolution。 【知识模块】 讲座 3 【正确答
23、案】 product 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。文中提到美国文学的特征： it is the product of the developmentof the American society，即它是美国社会发展的产物。因此填入product。 【知识模块】 讲座 4 【正确答案】 Terms 【试题解析】 本题为概括题。讲座提到 we should understand some of the most important termsin different periods，即我们应该了解一些不同时期最重要的术语。因此填入 Terms。 【知识模块】 讲座 5 【正确答案】 Nature
24、【试题解析】 本题为细节题。此处考查美国文学发展中的文学术语和文学作品，其中超验主义 (Transcendentalism)的代表人物 Ralph Waldo Emerson的代表作品是 Nature，即论自然。因此填入 Nature。 【知识模块】 讲座 6 【正确答案】 Romanticism and Sentimentalism 【试题解析】 本题为推断题。此处考查美国文学发展中的另一重要术语。讲座提到 As a literary movement Realism came in the latter half of the 19th century as areaction again
25、st“the lie”of Romanticism and Sentimentalism即现实主义文学运动出现于 20世纪后半叶，作为对浪漫主义和感伤主义 “谎言 ”的 回应。因此现实主义文学出现之前，是浪漫主义文学和感伤主义文学为主流，故填入 Romanticism and Sentimentalism。 【知识模块】 讲座 7 【正确答案】 despair 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。此处提到美国自然主义文学的特征： The whole picture is somberand dark and the general tone is despair即自然主义描写的多是忧郁昏暗的景色，而且
26、通常使用绝望的语言基调。因此填入 despair。 【知识模块】 讲座 8 【正确答案】 modern 20th century 【试题解析】 本题为要点题。此处提到美国当代文学的特征，也就是 20世纪美国文学的特征。因此填入 modern或者 20th century。 【知识模块】 讲座 9 【正确答案】 scope 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。此处提到美国当代文学特征之一： The scope of modern literatureis broad即现代文学的视角是广阔的。因此填入 scope。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【正确答案】 variety 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。此处提
27、到现代美国文学的第五个特征： Modern literatureexhibits more variety than that of earlier periods即现代美国文学比以前各个阶段都更具多样性。因此填入 variety。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【听力原文】 Culture Good morning, everyone. In this lecture we will learn something about culture. There are many things that make up a culture. In fact, there are so many thi
28、ngs about our lives that make up part of the culture we belong to that there is no way to cover them all here. Therefore, we will concentrate on only three aspects of culture in this unit. They are language, folklore and holiday. Simply, language is what people and animals use to communicate their t
29、houghts, ideas and feelings. Of course, animals communicate with each other differently than humans, and each type of animals communicates differently. Like animals, people also use different languages. Each culture has its own words and symbols used by people within that culture to communicate with
30、 others in the same culture. Unlike animals though, some cultures use more than one language.(2)People within these cultures are said to be either bilingual or multilingual. (3)Not only do people use different languages to communicate, but languages also have different dialects. A dialect is a varia
31、tion of a language that uses words and grammar somewhat differently from the standard form of the same language. There are also some people who dont use a spoken language at all. These people use their hands to communicate.(4)This type of language is called sign language and is most commonly used by
32、 people who are deaf. (5)Folklore is a body of stories that reflect a cultures beliefs, traditions and values._(6)Often the characters in folktales are real people. When a folktale tells of the actions of a real person, its purpose is to reveal some admired quality of that persons character. Other f
33、olktales use characters that are larger than life to pass on truths that are valued by the culture. Folktales have been told for centuries, and all cultures have them. At one time, all folklore was part of an oral tradition and was passed on by word of mouth.(7)Today, folklore finds its way into poe
34、try, song lyrics and fables. A holiday is a day made special by a cultures customs or laws.(8)Holidays help a culture remember and honor its history. Each culture has its own traditions of recognizing and celebrating these special days.(9)People may attend parades, sing songs, go for a picnic or giv
35、e gifts to each other on certain holidays. Some holidays are peculiar to a culture. Other holidays, like Christmas and Thanksgiving, are celebrated by many cultures around the world.(10)The best-known religious holiday is Christmas. In most parts of the world, Christmas is a time of happy festivitie
36、s. People decorate Christmas trees with ornaments and lights and give each other gift. Families gather for large dinners that consist of turkey, ham, dressing, yams and other holiday fare. They also attend church and give thanks to the Jesus Christ, who was bom as the savior of the world. 【知 识模块】 讲座
37、 11 【正确答案】 communicate 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。讲座提到了语言的定义： Simply， language is what peopleand animals use to communicate their thoughts， ideas and feelings即语言是人类和动物用来表达思想、想法和感受的途径。因此填入 communicate。 【知识模块】 讲座 12 【正确答案】 bilingual 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。讲座中提到有些 文化中会使用两种或两种以上的语言： People within these cultures are said to b
38、e either bilingual or multilingual其中， bilingual指 “使用两种语言的 ”； multilingual指 “使用多种语言的 ”。故此处填入 bilingual。 【知识模块】 讲座 13 【正确答案】 dialects 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。人们不仅使用不同的语言进行交流，而且还有不同的方言： Notonly do people use different languages to communicate， but languages also have differentdialects。故此处填入 dialects。 【知识模块】 讲座 1
39、4 【正确答案】 Sign language 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。讲座提到 This type of language is called sign language andis most commonly used by people who are deaf即耳聋的人最常用手语。 因此填入 Signlanguage。 【知识模块】 讲座 15 【正确答案】 values 【试题解析】 本题为要点题。本题考查民间传说 folklore的定义： Folklore is a body of storiesthat reflect a cultures beliefs， tradition
40、s and values即民间传说指的是反映不同文化信念、传统和价值观的一系列故事传说。因此此处答案为values。 【知识模块】 讲座 16 【正确答案】 real 【试题解析 】 本题为细节题。本题考查民间传说中人物的特点： Often the characters in folktalesare real people即通常民间传说的人物都是真实人物。故此处填入 real。 【知识模块】 讲座 17 【正确答案】 fables 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。讲座提到民间传说的现状： Today， folklore finds its way intopoetry， song lyrics
41、and fables今天，民间传说在诗、歌词和寓言中体现出来。此处应填入 fables，意为 “神话，寓言 ”。 【知识模块】 讲座 18 【正确答案】 honor 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。讲座第三部分讲到了节日，认为 Holidays help a culture rememberand honor its history即节日帮助人们记住文化并纪念历史。因此填入 honor。 【知识模块】 讲座 19 【正确答案】 picnic 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。讲座提到人们庆祝节日的方式： People may attend parades， singsongs， go for a picnic or give gifts to each other on certain holidays其中 go for a picnic是庆祝活动之一，故此处填入 picnic。 【知识模块】 讲座 20 【正确答案】 religious 【试题解析】 本题为细节题。此处讲到 The bestknown religious holiday is Christmas即圣诞节是最著名的宗教节日。因此填入 religious。 【知识模块】 讲座
